The Hemoglobins of the Antarctic Fishes Artedidraco orianae and Pogonophryne scotti AMINO ACID SEQUENCE, LACK OF COOPERATIVITY, AND LIGAND BINDING PROPERTIES

The oxygen-transport system of two species of Antarctic fishes belonging to the family Artedidraconidae,Artedidraco orianae and Pogonophryne scotti, was thoroughly investigated. The complete amino acid sequence of the α and β chains of the single hemoglobins of the two species was established. The oxygen-binding properties were also investigated, and were found not to differ significantly from those shown by blood, intact erythrocytes, and unstripped hemolysates. Both hemoglobins have unusually high oxygen affinity and display a relatively small Bohr effect; the Root effect is elicited only by organophosphates and is also reduced. Remarkably, the Hill coefficient is close to one in the whole pH range, indicating absence of cooperative oxygen binding which, in A. orianae hemoglobin, could be ascribed to the subunit heterogeneity shown upon oxygen dissociation. In comparison with the other families of the suborder Notothenioidei, the oxygen-transport system of these two species of Artedidraconidae has unique characteristics, which raise interesting questions on the mode of function of a multisubunit molecule and the relationship with cold adaptation

Light Towers and Corner Stones of Urban Life and City Development in Germany

German cities are places, where cultural life has always been important. Theaters, concert halls as well as socio-cultural centers and festivals are light towers and corner stones of urban life and city development. Multifunctional civic halls are essential economic sites of the local, economy. Rooted in a long history fine and performing arts play an important role in the German society. Christian communities built impressive richly decorated churches in cities and villages to praise god and earn a peaceful life after death. Dukes and princesses impressed their large feudal families and visitors by asking architects to build them attractive palaces and country houses surrounded by well-designed gardens. Both the church communities hand the feudal gentry used their premises to decorate and display art by renowned artists of the time. They entertain their communities and large families from across Europe with music and theater performances in court theatres and art collections. Once the feudal times came slowly to an end in the 19th century, local governments in German cities and towns encouraged by wealthy bourgeois families resumed the tradition and built public theaters, concert halls and museums for the evolving civic society. In today\u27s Germany the arts and music and related cultural and creative industries have not lost their importance. They are seen valued as vital pillars of local economic development, education, entertainment and social inclusion, even as gate keepers of democracy. After 1945 local governments, besides reconstructing war-demolished theaters and museums, built multifunctional city halls as venues for public and commercial activities, for conventions, congresses, fairs and even sport activities. Cultural and creative industries have received much local cultural and economic interest. The paper will discuss the importance of culture and culture related buildings for city development and urban life in Germany. It will briefly discuss the implications of the still ongoing pandemic on culture and city life on German cities and towns, and will conclude with some remarks on transferability

Антибіотикопрофілактика в хірургії

Наук. кер.: М.Г. КононенкоГнійно-запальні післяопераційні ускладнення за останні десятиріччя набувають все більшої актуальності. Це вже стає проблемою. Такі ускладнення необхідно попереджувати. Для забезпечення тканин операційного поля антибіотиком у ефективній (бактерицидній) концентрації на весь період хірургічного втручання проводять антибіотикопрофілактику (АБП). Вона є складовою частиною комплексної профілактики гнійно-запальних ускладнень. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2734

Ocean redox structure across the Late Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event: A nitrogen isotope perspective

International audienceThe end of the Neoproterozoic Era (1000 to 541 Ma) is widely believed to have seen the transition from a dominantly anoxic to an oxygenated deep ocean. This purported redox transition appears to be closely linked temporally with metazoan radiation and extraordinary perturbations to the global carbon cycle. However, the geochemical record of this transition is not straightforward, and individual data sets have been variably interpreted to indicate full oxygenation by the early Ediacaran Period (635 to 541 Ma) and deep ocean anoxia persevering as late as the early Cambrian. Because any change in marine redox structure would have profoundly impacted nitrogen nutrient cycling in the global ocean, the N isotope signature of sedimentary rocks (δ15Nsed) should reflect the Neoproterozoic deep-ocean redox transition. We present new N isotope data from Amazonia, northwest Canada, northeast Svalbard, and South China that span the Cryogenian glaciations (∼750 to 580 Ma). These and previously published data reveal a Nisotope distribution that closely resembles modern marine sediments, with a mode in δ15N close to +4 and range from −4 to +11. No apparent change is seen between the Cryogenian and Ediacarian. Data from earlier Proterozoic samples show a similar distribution, but shifted slightly towards more negative δ15N values and with a wider range. The most parsimonious explanation for the similarity of these Nisotopedistribution is that as in the modern ocean, nitrate (and hence O2) was stable in most of the middle–late Neoproterozoic ocean, and possibly much of Proterozoic Eon. However, nitrate would likely have been depleted in partially restricted basins and oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), which may have been more widespread than in the modern ocean

THE CHANGING ECONOMIC SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF EUROPE

Many theoretical and practical works aim at describing the spatial structure of Europe, where spatial relations have undergone continuous change. This article gives an overview of models describing the spatial structure of Europe. Their diversity is highlighted by listing of these models, without any claim to completeness. Our study aims at describing the economic spatial structure of Europe with bi-dimensional regression analysis based on the gravitational model. With the help of the gravity model, we get a spatial image of the spatial structure of Europe. With these images, we can justify the appropriateness of the models based on different methodological backgrounds by comparing them with our results. Our goal is not to create and show a new model that overwrites the existing ones, but rather to contribute to understanding the European spatial structure through a new methodological approach

Contributions of precision engineering to the revision of the SI

All measurements performed in science and industry are based on the International System of Units, the SI. It has been proposed to revise the SI following an approach which was implemented for the redefinition of the unit of length, the metre, namely to define the SI units by fixing the numerical values of so-called defining constants, including c, h, e, k and NA. We will discuss the reasoning behind the revision, which will likely be put into force in 2018. Precision engineering was crucial to achieve the required small measurement uncertainties and agreement of measurement results for the defining constants