47 research outputs found
Memory functions and Correlations in Additive Binary Markov Chains
A theory of additive Markov chains with long-range memory, proposed earlier
in Phys. Rev. E 68, 06117 (2003), is developed and used to describe statistical
properties of long-range correlated systems. The convenient characteristics of
such systems, a memory function, and its relation to the correlation properties
of the systems are examined. Various methods for finding the memory function
via the correlation function are proposed. The inverse problem (calculation of
the correlation function by means of the prescribed memory function) is also
solved. This is demonstrated for the analytically solvable model of the system
with a step-wise memory function.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Enzymatic reduction of azo and indigoid compounds
A customer- and environment-friendly method for the decolorization azo dyes was developed. Azoreductases could be used both to bleach hair dyed with azo dyes and to reduce dyes in vat dyeing of textiles. A new reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent azoreductase of Bacillus cereus, which showed high potential for reduction of these dyes, was purified using a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography and had a molecular mass of 21.5 kDa. The optimum pH of the azoreductase depended on the substrate and was within the range of pH 6 to 7, while the maximum temperature was reached at 40°C. Oxygen was shown to be an alternative electron acceptor to azo compounds and must therefore be excluded during enzymatic dye reduction. Biotransformation of the azo dyes Flame Orange and Ruby Red was studied in more detail using UV-visible spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry (MS). Reduction of the azo bonds leads to cleavage of the dyes resulting in the cleavage product 2-amino-1,3 dimethylimidazolium and N∼1∼,N∼1∼-dimethyl-1,4-benzenediamine for Ruby Red, while only the first was detected for Flame Orange because of MS instability of the expected 1,4-benzenediamine. The azoreductase was also found to reduce vat dyes like Indigo Carmine (C.I. Acid Blue 74). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an oxidizing agent was used to reoxidize the dye into the initial form. The reduction and oxidation mechanism of Indigo Carmine was studied using UV-visible spectroscopy
Identification and safety effects of road user related measures. Deliverable 4.2 of the H2020 project SafetyCube
Safety CaUsation, Benefits and Efficiency (SafetyCube) is a European Commission supported
Horizon 2020 project with the objective of developing an innovative road safety Decision Support
System (DSS). The DSS will enable policy-makers and stakeholders to select and implement the
most appropriate strategies, measures, and cost-effective approaches to reduce casualties of all
road user types and all severities.
This document is the second deliverable (4.2) of work package 4, which is dedicated to identifying
and assessing road safety measures related to road users in terms of their effectiveness.
The focus of deliverable 4.2 is on the identification and assessment of countermeasures and
describes the corresponding operational procedure and outcomes. Measures which intend to
increase road safety of all kind of road user groups have been considered [...continues]
Identification of safety effects of infrastructure related measures, Deliverable 5.2 of the H2020 project SafetyCube
Identification of safety effects of infrastructure related measures, Deliverable 5.2 of the H2020 project SafetyCub
Inventory of assessed infrastructure risk factors and measures, Deliverable 5.4 of the H2020 project SafetyCube
Inventory of assessed infrastructure risk factors and measures, Deliverable 5.4 of the H2020 project SafetyCub