Remote Video-to-Video Eye Telemonitoring Use Case for Glaucoma Patients

Part 1: IIVC WorkshopInternational audienceGlaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally and the second most common cause of avoidable visual impairment. It also holds a record in noncompliance to therapy from the patients in up to 50% of the subjects treated with anti-glaucoma eye drops. LiveCity e-Health is a European research program, which aims to provide better treatment and follow up of glaucoma patients at their home, through telemonitoring with high definition video-to-video (v2v) communication from the University Hospital. Secondly, it aims to reduce the cost of health and improve the city environment by decreasing the number of visits to the Hospital. For this purpose, a software application has been developed; the latter is easy to use for elderly people at home, and capable of keeping the medical history and digital records of every patient in the Glaucoma Department. In addition, a specific web camera with snapshot ability of high quality photo of the eye has utilised. Two patients have been initially enrolled in the study and the preliminary results are so presented

Unique Tracheal Fluid MicroRNA Signature Predicts Response to FETO in Patients With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Objective and Background:Our objective was to determine the fetal in vivo microRNA signature in hypoplastic lungs of human fetuses with severe isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and changes in tracheal and amniotic fluid of fetuses undergoing fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) to reverse severe lung hypoplasia due to CDH.Methods:We profiled microRNA expression in prenatal human lungs by microarray analysis. We then validated this signature with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in tracheal and amniotic fluid of CDH patients undergoing FETO. We further explored the role of miR-200b using semiquantitative in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for TGF-2 in postnatal lung sections. We investigated miR-200b effects on TGF- signaling using a SMAD-luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting for phospho-SMAD2/3 and ZEB-2 in cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells.Results:CDH lungs display an increased expression of 2 microRNAs: miR-200b and miR-10a as compared to control lungs. Fetuses undergoing FETO display increased miR-200 expression in their tracheal fluid at the time of balloon removal. Future survivors of FETO display significantly higher miR-200 expression than those with a limited response. miR-200b was expressed in bronchial epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells. TGF-2 expression was lower in CDH lungs. miR-200b inhibited TGF--induced SMAD signaling in cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells.Conclusions:Human fetal hypoplastic CDH lungs have a specific miR-200/miR-10a signature. Survival after FETO is associated with increased miR-200 family expression. miR-200b overexpression in CDH lungs results in decreased TGF-/SMAD signaling