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Not AvailableSurimi processing wastewater characteristically contains high quantities of organic materials. Continuous discharge of this wastewater into the ocean, especially from near-shore facilities, causes serious harm to the marine environment. A combination of rotating biological contactor and moving bed biofilm reactor processes was used in the present study for the treatment of surimi processing wastewater. Using this combined continuous system, 100% protein, 96% influent NH₄⁺-N and 85% COD were removed from the effluent (COD/TKN ratio 2.1:1) in a hydraulic retention time of 48 h, without adding an external carbon source. Therefore, an odour-free treated effluent was generated. Results suggest effective remediation of surimi processing wastewater using this combination system and better performance as compared to reactors previously reported.Not Availabl

Evaluation of mirror image biopsy for incidence of multiple premalignant and malignant lesions in oral cancer: A clinical study

Introduction: To histologically evaluate the mirror image biopsy obtained from the apparently normal looking mucosa at corresponding contralateral anatomical sites to determine the incidence of multiple premalignant and malignant lesions in oral cancer. Materials and methods: Fifty patients with unilateral, single, untreated, histologically confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma underwent mirror image biopsy from apparently normal looking mucosa at corresponding contralateral anatomical site. The mirror image biopsy specimens were subjected to histopathological examination Results: The age group of the patients ranged from 42 to 70 years with male to female ratio of 12:1. Of 50 patients, 38 (76%) revealed abnormal epithelial changes ranging in the degree from hyperkeratosis (12%), dysplasia (48%) and premalignant changes like leukoplakia, erythroplakia, submucous fibrosis, etc. (16%) in the mirror image sites. The incidence was high in males, with increasing age of the patient and duration of exposure to habits. Conclusion: Mirror image biopsies should be considered as useful diagnostic tool for early detection of premalignant changes so as to prevent further progression of these changes to oral cancer