22 research outputs found
The effectiveness of injury prevention programs to modify risk factors for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament and hamstring injuries in uninjured team sports athletes: A systematic review
Get PDFBackground
Hamstring strain and anterior cruciate ligament injuries are, respectively, the most prevalent and serious non-contact occurring injuries in team sports. Specific biomechanical and neuromuscular variables have been used to estimate the risk of incurring a non-contact injury in athletes.
Objective
The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidences for the effectiveness of injury prevention protocols to modify biomechanical and neuromuscular anterior cruciate and/or hamstring injuries associated risk factors in uninjured team sport athletes.
Data Sources
PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Cochrane Libraries, U.S. National Institutes of Health clinicaltrials.gov, Sport Discuss and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant journal articles published until March 2015. A manual review of relevant articles, authors, and journals, including bibliographies was performed from identified articles.
Main Results
Nineteen studies were included in this review. Four assessment categories: i) landing, ii) side cutting, iii) stop-jump, and iv) muscle strength outcomes, were used to analyze the effectiveness of the preventive protocols. Eight studies using multifaceted interventions supported by video and/or technical feedback showed improvement in landing and/or stop-jump biomechanics, while no effects were observed on side-cutting maneuver. Additionally, multifaceted programs including hamstring eccentric exercises increased hamstring strength, hamstring to quadriceps functional ratio and/or promoted a shift of optimal knee flexion peak torque toward a more open angle position.
Conclusions
Multifaceted programs, supported by proper video and/or technical feedback, including eccentric hamstring exercises would positively modify the biomechanical and or neuromuscular anterior cruciate and/or hamstring injury risk factors
A New Direction to Athletic Performance: Understanding the Acute and Longitudinal Responses to Backward Running
Get PDFBackward running (BR) is a form of locomotion that occurs in short bursts during many overground field and court sports. It has also traditionally been used in clinical settings as a method to rehabilitate lower body injuries. Comparisons between BR and forward running (FR) have led to the discovery that both may be generated by the same neural circuitry. Comparisons of the acute responses to FR reveal that BR is characterised by a smaller ratio of braking to propulsive forces, increased step frequency, decreased step length, increased muscle activity and reliance on isometric and concentric muscle actions. These biomechanical differences have been critical in informing recent scientific explorations which have discovered that BR can be used as a method for reducing injury and improving a variety of physical attributes deemed advantageous to sports performance. This includes improved lower body strength and power, decreased injury prevalence and improvements in change of direction performance following BR training. The current findings from research help improve our understanding of BR biomechanics and provide evidence which supports BR as a useful method to improve athlete performance. However, further acute and longitudinal research is needed to better understand the utility of BR in athletic performance programs
Programas de exercício na prevenção de lesões em jogadores de futebol: uma revisão sistemática
Full text linkEVALUATION OF NEAR MISS SHIP COLLISION WITH CONSIDERATION OF NON-CONVENTIONAL VESSELS IN NORTHEAST OF QESHM ISLAND
No full textShip collision is one of the most significant marine accidents that threatens
the safety of vessels, especially in the straits, waterways, and coastal waters. Since it is quite difficult to assess ship collision based on previous statistics due to the lack of data, the near miss ship collision as an alternative was evaluated. Near miss ship collision refers to those vessels in an encounter course where collision would happen if no maneuver was performed or such a maneuver was not successful. In other words, even though there was no injury or damage in such incidents, a potential impact was still expected that could be transformed into an accident and cause damage or injury. Near miss ship collision for cargo ships or tankers can be assessed using the data obtained from Automated Identification System (AIS). However, there are a number of small vessels devoid of this system; in addition, due to the lack of available data, a few researchers have conducted studies on near miss collision of such vessels. To this end, this paper focused on the traffic simulation of Non-AIS vessels and proposed a model based on one of the methods of Monte Carlo Simulation called Slice sampling method and weighted summation method based on Newton's rules. Furthermore, to determine near miss collision, a model was established based on fuzzy ship domain theory. Finally, the number of near miss ship collision in two states was determined without and with considering the non-conventional vessels. The results showed that the consideration of Non-AIS vessels had a significant effect on the increase in the number of near miss ship collisions in the case study area, which is about 20\% for the situation with low conflict severity, 23\% for the situation with medium conflict
severity, 15\% for the situation with high conflict severity, and 11\% for the situation with the highest conflict severity
Effects of two exercise programmes on joint position sense, dynamic balance and countermovement jump in male amateur football players. A randomised controlled trial
No full textThe Effects of Individualized Resistance Strength Programs on Knee Muscular Imbalances in Junior Elite Soccer Players
No full textAnalysis of Jumping-Landing Manoeuvers after Different Speed Performances in Soccer Players
No full textInjury prevention in futsal players: is the FIFA 11+ a simple answer to a complex problem?
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