12,616 research outputs found
Solitude, Silence, and the Training of Psychotherapists: A Preliminary Study
The spiritual disciplines of silence and solitude have long been practiced within the contemplative Christian tradition as a means of character transformation and experiencing God. Do these disciplines affect the use of silence in psychotherapy for Christian clinicians in a graduate training program? Nineteen graduate students in clinical psychology were assigned to a wait-list control condition or a training program involving the disciplines of solitude and silence, and the groups were reversed after the ftrst cohort completed the spiritual disciplines training. One group, which was coincidentally comprised of more introverted individuals, demonstrated a striking increase in the number of silent periods and total duration of silence during simulated psychotherapy sessions during the period of training. The other group, more extraverted in nature, did not show significant changes in therapeutic silence during the training. These results cause us to pose research questions regarding the interaction of personality characteristics and spiritual disciplines in training Christian psychotherapists
Spontaneously modulated spin textures in a dipolar spinor Bose-Einstein condensate
Helical spin textures in a Rb F=1 spinor Bose-Einstein condensate are
found to decay spontaneously toward a spatially modulated structure of spin
domains. This evolution is ascribed to magnetic dipolar interactions that
energetically favor the short-wavelength domains over the long-wavelength spin
helix. This is confirmed by eliminating the dipolar interactions by a sequence
of rf pulses and observing a suppression of the formation of the short-range
domains. This study confirms the significance of magnetic dipole interactions
in degenerate Rb F=1 spinor gases
Amplification of Fluctuations in a Spinor Bose Einstein Condensate
Dynamical instabilities due to spin-mixing collisions in a Rb F=1
spinor Bose-Einstein condensate are used as an amplifier of quantum spin
fluctuations. We demonstrate the spectrum of this amplifier to be tunable, in
quantitative agreement with mean-field calculations. We quantify the
microscopic spin fluctuations of the initially paramagnetic condensate by
applying this amplifier and measuring the resulting macroscopic magnetization.
The magnitude of these fluctuations is consistent with predictions of a
beyond-mean-field theory. The spinor-condensate-based spin amplifier is thus
shown to be nearly quantum-limited at a gain as high as 30 dB
Working toward a valid prevalence estimate of child sexual abuse: a reply to Bolen and Scannapieco
Coherence-enhanced imaging of a degenerate Bose gas
We present coherence-enhanced imaging, an in situ technique that uses Raman
superradiance to probe the spatial coherence properties of an ultracold gas.
Applying this method, we obtain a spatially resolved measurement of the
condensate number and more generally, of the first-order spatial correlation
function in a gas of Rb atoms. We observe the enhanced decay of
propagating spin gratings in high density regions of a Bose condensate, a decay
we ascribe to collective, non-linear atom-atom scattering. Further, we directly
observe spatial inhomogeneities that arise generally in the course of extended
sample superradiance.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Eulerian spectral closures for isotropic turbulence using a time-ordered fluctuation-dissipation relation
Procedures for time-ordering the covariance function, as given in a previous
paper (K. Kiyani and W.D. McComb Phys. Rev. E 70, 066303 (2004)), are extended
and used to show that the response function associated at second order with the
Kraichnan-Wyld perturbation series can be determined by a local (in wavenumber)
energy balance. These time-ordering procedures also allow the two-time
formulation to be reduced to time-independent form by means of exponential
approximations and it is verified that the response equation does not have an
infra-red divergence at infinite Reynolds number. Lastly, single-time
Markovianised closure equations (stated in the previous paper above) are
derived and shown to be compatible with the Kolmogorov distribution without the
need to introduce an ad hoc constant.Comment: 12 page
A Flattened Protostellar Envelope in Absorption around L1157
Deep Spitzer IRAC images of L1157 reveal many of the details of the outflow
and the circumstellar environment of this Class 0 protostar. In IRAC band 4, 8
microns, there is a flattened structure seen in absorption against the
background emission. The structure is perpendicular to the outflow and is
extended to a diameter of 2 arcminutes. This structure is the first clear
detection of a flattened circumstellar envelope or pseudo-disk around a Class 0
protostar. Such a flattened morphology is an expected outcome for many collapse
theories that include magnetic fields or rotation. We construct an extinction
model for a power-law density profile, but we do not constrain the density
power-law index.Comment: ApJL accepte
The Spitzer View of Low-Metallicity Star Formation: II. Mrk 996, a Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy with an Extremely Dense Nucleus
(abridged) We present new Spitzer, UKIRT and MMT observations of the blue
compact dwarf galaxy (BCD) Mrk 996, with an oxygen abundance of
12+log(O/H)=8.0. This galaxy has the peculiarity of possessing an
extraordinarily dense nuclear star-forming region, with a central density of
~10^6 cm^{-3}. The nuclear region of Mrk 996 is characterized by several
unusual properties: a very red color J-K = 1.8, broad and narrow emission-line
components, and ionizing radiation as hard as 54.9 eV, as implied by the
presence of the OIV 25.89 micron line. The nucleus is located within an
exponential disk with colors consistent with a single stellar population of age
>1 Gyr. The infrared morphology of Mrk 996 changes with wavelength. The IRS
spectrum shows strong narrow Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) emission,
with narrow line widths and equivalent widths that are high for the metallicity
of Mrk 996. Gaseous nebular fine-structure lines are also seen. A CLOUDY model
requires that they originate in two distinct HII regions: a very dense HII
region of radius ~580 pc with densities declining from ~10^6 at the center to a
few hundreds cm^{-3} at the outer radius, where most of the optical lines
arise; and a HII region with a density of ~300 cm^{-3} that is hidden in the
optical but seen in the MIR. We suggest that the infrared lines arise mainly in
the optically obscured HII region while they are strongly suppressed by
collisional deexcitation in the optically visible one. The hard ionizing
radiation needed to account for the OIV 25.89 micron line is most likely due to
fast radiative shocks propagating in an interstellar medium. A hidden
population of Wolf-Rayet stars of type WNE-w or a hidden AGN as sources of hard
ionizing radiation are less likely possibilities.Comment: 48 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
High-Resolution Magnetometry with a Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate
We demonstrate a precision magnetic microscope based on direct imaging of the
Larmor precession of a Rb spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. This
magnetometer attains a field sensitivity of 8.3 pT/Hz over a
measurement area of 120 m, an improvement over the low-frequency field
sensitivity of modern SQUID magnetometers. The corresponding atom shot-noise
limited sensitivity is estimated to be 0.15 pT/Hz for unity duty cycle
measurement. The achieved phase sensitivity is close to the atom shot-noise
limit suggesting possibilities of spatially resolved spin-squeezed
magnetometry. This magnetometer marks a significant application of degenerate
atomic gases to metrology
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