Agronomic Characteristics, Chemical Composition and In vitro Gas Production of Sugarcane Cultivars (Saccharum spp.) for Feeding Ruminants.

solids content (BRIX), NDF/BRIX ratio and tons of sucrose/ha, total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, net energy and in vitro digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent, of digestion and In vitro gas production of nonfibrous carbohydrates, latency time, digestion rate and gas production of fibrous carbohydrates, and in vitro digestibility of organic matter. There was a significant difference between the cultivars regarding the neutral detergent fiber content, in vitro digestibility of organic matter, total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, net energy, degradation rates of fibrous and non-fibrous carbohydrates and latency period. There was a negative correlation between stem percentage and NDF/BRIX and positive correlation between in vitro digestibility of organic matter and total digestible nutrients. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and mean test by Scott-Knott and Pearson's correlation analysis. The statistical program used was SAEG 2000. The RB835486 variety was superior to the other cultivars, as it presented 93.28% of stem, 57.5% of in vitro digestibility of organic matter, NDF / BRIX ratio of 2.68, 43.78% NDF, latency period 2.86h and fibrous carbohydrate degradation rate of 2.26% per hour. Therefore, this cultivar was better indicated for animal feeding between May and July in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Relação entre pressão e volume para implantação da técnica in vitro de produção de gases no trópico úmido.

Objetivou-se estabelecer uma equação para estimar o volume (V, em mL) de gases produzidos no interior dos frascos por meio de dados de pressão (P, em psi) e V, obtidos manualmente durante a fermentação de diferentes substratos na técnica in vitro semi-automática de produção de gases. Foram utilizadas forragens e concentrados, que geraram 815 observações de P e V. A equação ajustada [V (mL) = 0,04755 + 1,9754P + 0,01407P2 , (R2 = 0,99)], para o Laboratório de Nutrição Animal da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, demonstra a especificidade à ser considerada, para cada laboratório, quando necessita predizer o volume (mL) a partir de mensurações da pressão (psi) na técnica in vitro semiautomática de produção de gases

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos eretos de amendoim cultivados nas regiões Nordeste e Centro-Oeste.

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estimar a estabilidade e a adaptabilidade de oito genótipos de amendoim ereto e comparar os modelos de análise de EBERHART & RUSSELL (1966), WRICKE (1965) e LIN & BINNS (1988), baseando-se em dados de produtividade de vagens e sementes. Os genótipos de amendoim foram avaliados em 14 ambientes situados nas Regiões Nordeste e Centro-Oeste, durante os anos de 2006 a 2011, sob o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições. Verificou-se que, entre os três métodos estudados, os de EBERHART & RUSSELL(1966) e LIN & BINNS (1988) geraram informações concordantes para estimativas de adaptação e estabilidade de produção de vagens e sementes, baseando-se nas condições deste estudo. Os genótipos L7 Bege e BRS 151 L7 foram os mais produtivos, com adaptabilidade específica a ambientes favoráveis, enquanto que CNPA 280 revelou adaptabilidade ampla e alta estabilidade fenotípica.No artigo consta: Edvaldo Sgrillo - SGRILLO, E. Título em inglês: Comparison of adaptability and stability estimates in upright peanut genotypes cultivated in Northeast and Midwest regions

Identifying Regulators for EAG1 Channels with a Novel Electrophysiology and Tryptophan Fluorescence Based Screen

Ether-à-go-go (EAG) channels are expressed throughout the central nervous system and are also crucial regulators of cell cycle and tumor progression. The large intracellular amino- and carboxy- terminal domains of EAG1 each share similarity with known ligand binding motifs in other proteins, yet EAG1 channels have no known regulatory ligands.Here we screened a library of small biologically relevant molecules against EAG1 channels with a novel two-pronged screen to identify channel regulators. In one arm of the screen we used electrophysiology to assess the functional effects of the library compounds on full-length EAG1 channels. In an orthogonal arm, we used tryptophan fluorescence to screen for binding of the library compounds to the isolated C-terminal region.Several compounds from the flavonoid, indole and benzofuran chemical families emerged as binding partners and/or regulators of EAG1 channels. The two-prong screen can aid ligand and drug discovery for ligand-binding domains of other ion channels

Eag and HERG potassium channels as novel therapeutic targets in cancer

Voltage gated potassium channels have been extensively studied in relation to cancer. In this review, we will focus on the role of two potassium channels, Ether à-go-go (Eag), Human ether à-go-go related gene (HERG), in cancer and their potential therapeutic utility in the treatment of cancer. Eag and HERG are expressed in cancers of various organs and have been implicated in cell cycle progression and proliferation of cancer cells. Inhibition of these channels has been shown to reduce proliferation both in vitro and vivo studies identifying potassium channel modulators as putative inhibitors of tumour progression. Eag channels in view of their restricted expression in normal tissue may emerge as novel tumour biomarkers

Putting vascular epiphytes on the traits map

Abstract: Plant functional traits impact the fitness and environmental niche of plants. Major plant functional types have been characterized by their trait spectrum, and the environmental and phylogenetic imprints on traits have advanced several ecological fields. Yet, very few trait data on epiphytes, which represent almost 10% of vascular plants, are available. We collated 76,561 trait observations for 2,882 species of vascular epiphytes and compared these to non‐epiphytic herbs and trees to test hypotheses related to how the epiphytic habit affects traits, and if epiphytes occupy a distinct region in the global trait space. We also compared variation in traits among major groups of epiphytes, and investigated the coordination of traits in epiphytes, ground‐rooted herbs and trees. Epiphytes differ from ground‐rooted plants mainly in traits related to water relations. Unexpectedly, we did not find lower leaf nutrient concentrations, except for nitrogen. Mean photosynthetic rates are much lower than in ground‐rooted plants and lower than expected from the nitrogen concentrations. Trait syndromes clearly distinguish epiphytes from trees and from most non‐epiphytic herbs. Among the three largest epiphytic taxa, orchids differ from bromeliads and ferns mainly by having smaller and more numerous stomata, while ferns differ from bromeliads by having thinner leaves, higher nutrient concentrations, and lower water content and water use efficiency. Trait networks differ among epiphytes, herbs and trees. While all have central nodes represented by SLA and mass‐based photosynthesis, in epiphytes, traits related to plant water relations have stronger connections, and nutrients other than potassium have weaker connections to the remainder of the trait network. Whereas stem‐specific density reflects mechanical support related to plant size in herbs and trees, in epiphytes it mostly reflects water storage and scales with leaf water content. Synthesis. Our findings advance our understanding of epiphyte ecology, but we note that currently mainly leaf traits are available. Important gaps are root, shoot and whole plant, demographic and gas exchange traits. We suggest how future research might use available data and fill data gaps

Zoneamento Agrícola de Risco Climático (ZARC).

O Zoneamento Agrícola de Risco Climático (ZARC) foi implementado a partir de 1996 com o objetivo de delimitar municípios e épocas de plantio com base no risco agroclimático. Tem em sua base, uma rede de pesquisadores e técnicos da Embrapa e várias outras instituições estaduais e uma elaborada construção de sistemas de análise de dados agrometeorológicos e simulação matemática, que quantificam o risco de produção nas condições climáticas normais de cada região, a fim de permitir a adequada avaliação da variabilidade de cada local, época e suas consequências para as culturas agrícolas (Figura 1)