To Be or Not To Be a Penalty: Defining the Recovery Under California\u27s Meal and Rest Period Provisions

This article argues that the DLSE\u27s proposed regulations are in fact a redefinition of the pay provided for under Section 226.7. California Labor Code Section 226.7 was intended to, was explicitly drafted to, and in fact does, provide for a premium wage rather than a penalty. Parts I and II provide a review of mandatory meal and rest periods. Part III discusses the nature of the Section 226.7 pay provision, the DLSE\u27s proposed regulations, and the DLSE\u27s accompanying statement of reasons supporting these regulations. Parts IV analyzes Labor Code Section 226.7 under the axioms of statutory interpretation, demonstrating that the DLSE\u27s proposed regulations are not a mere clarification, but instead a complete change in the classification of the premium pay provided for under this statute. Part V concludes the article with the authors\u27 thoughts on the nature of these regulations, the intent behind their attempted promulgation, and the future of the meal and rest-break provisions

Livermore Big Trees Park 1998 soil sampling plan

This sampling plan sets out the sampling goals, rationale, locations, and procedures for a plan to determine the extent of plutonium in soil above background levels in Big Trees Park and identify any possible pathways by which plutonium may have reached the park. The public is invited to witness the sampling at Big Trees Park. The plan has been developed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) scientists with guidance from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Radiologic Health and Environmental Health Investigations Branches of the California Health Services Department (CDHS-RHB and CDHS-EHIB), and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Input from citizens and community organizations was also received during an over-70-day public comment period

To Be or Not To Be a Penalty: Defining the Recovery Under California\u27s Meal and Rest Period Provisions

This article argues that the DLSE\u27s proposed regulations are in fact a redefinition of the pay provided for under Section 226.7. California Labor Code Section 226.7 was intended to, was explicitly drafted to, and in fact does, provide for a premium wage rather than a penalty. Parts I and II provide a review of mandatory meal and rest periods. Part III discusses the nature of the Section 226.7 pay provision, the DLSE\u27s proposed regulations, and the DLSE\u27s accompanying statement of reasons supporting these regulations. Parts IV analyzes Labor Code Section 226.7 under the axioms of statutory interpretation, demonstrating that the DLSE\u27s proposed regulations are not a mere clarification, but instead a complete change in the classification of the premium pay provided for under this statute. Part V concludes the article with the authors\u27 thoughts on the nature of these regulations, the intent behind their attempted promulgation, and the future of the meal and rest-break provisions

3-D vertical seismic profiling at LLNL Site 300

The initial goal of the 3-D Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP) work at LLNL was to characterize seismic wave velocities and frequencies below the vadose zone to design the acquisition geometry for a 3-D shallow surface seismic reflection survey. VSPs are also used routinely to provide a link between surface seismic data and well logs. However, a test 2-D seismic line recorded at LLNL in the Spring of 1994 indicated that obtaining high quality reflection images below the vadose zone, yet shallower that 50 m, would require an expensive, very finely sampled survey ({lt} 1 m receiver spacing). Extensive image processing of the LLNL 2-D test line indicated that the only reliable reflection was from the top of the water table. Surprisingly, these results were very different than recent 3-D seismic work recorded at other sites, where high quality, high frequency surface (up to 300 Hz) reflection images were obtained as shallow as 20m. We believe that the differences are primarily due to the comparatively deep vadose zone at LLNL (15 to 30m) as compared to 0-5m at other sites. The thick vadose zone attenuates the reflection signals, particularly at the high frequencies (above 100 @). In addition, the vadose zone at LLNL creates a seismogram in which surface-propagating noise overlaps with the reflection signals for reflections above 50 m. By contrast, when the vadose zone is not thick, high frequencies can propagate and noise will not overlap with reflections as severely. Based on the results from the 2-D seismic line and the encouraging results from a VSP run concurrent with the 2-D seismic experiment, we modified the objectives of the research and expanded the scope of the VSP imaging at LLNL. We conducted two 3-D multi-offset VSP experiments at LLNL in the Summer and Fall of 1994. These VSP experiments were designed to characterize the seismic propagation characteristics at two different locations on the LLNL site: the first was a well with a relatively shallow water table (10m), while the second was a well with a relatively deep water table (about 25m). Other goals of the VSP experiments were to characterize the velocity structure in the vicinity of boreholes, and to attempt to image reflections away from the boreholes. We found that the usable frequency content appeared to vary with water table level

Seismic reflection imaging at a Shallow Site

The objective of our studies was to determine the best seismic method to image these sediments, between the water table at 3 m depth to the basement at 35 m depth. Good cross-correlation between well logs and the seismic data was also desirable, and would facilitate the tracking of known lithological units away from the wells. For instance, known aquifer control boundaries may then be mapped out over the boundaries, and may be used in a joint inversion with reflectivity data and other non-seismic geophysical data to produce a 3-D image containing quantitative physical properties of the target area

Shallow 3-D vertical seismic profiling around a contaminant withdrawal well on the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site

One of the major problems associated with ground water contaminant remediation is well placement. Optimal-placement of wells requires an accurate knowledge of geologic structure and stratigraphy in the near surface sediments and rock (0 to 100 m). Without the development of remote imaging provided by geophysical techniques, the required spacing between treatment wells may be less than 2 m in order to be confident that all contaminant reservoirs had been remediated. One method for characterizing geologic structure and stratigraphy in the near surface is vertical seismic profiling (VSP), a technique often used on deep exploration wells to calibrate surface seismic reflection data. For near-surface applications, VSP data can be acquired efficiently using an array of hydrophones lowered into a fluid-filled borehole (Milligan et al, 1997). In this paper we discuss the acquisition and processing of a 3-D VSP collected at a shallow remediation site located on the grounds of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) near Livermore, California. The site was used by the United States Navy as an air training base. At this time, initial releases of hazardous materials to the environment occurred in the form of solvents [volatile organic compounds (VOCs)] that were used for the cleaning of airplanes and their parts. Gasoline, diesel and other petroleum-based compounds are also known to have leaked into the ground. California Research and Development Company, a subsidy of Standard Oil, occupied the southeastern portion of the site from 1950 to 1954. The first releases of radioactive materials to the environment occurred at this time, with the beginning of testing of radioactive materials at the site. In 1952, LLNL acquired the site. Additional releases of VOCS, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), metals, radionuclides (primarily tritium), gasoline and pesticides have occurred since. These releases were due to localized spills, landfills, surface impoundments, disposal pits, broken sewer lines and pipes, and leaking tanks

Perilaku mengajar = the act teaching, buku 2, ed.6/ Cruickshank

xx, 248 hal.: ill.; tab.; 29 cm

Perilaku mengajar = the act teaching, buku 2, ed.6/ Cruickshank

xx, 248 hal.: ill.; tab.; 29 cm

Perilaku mengajar = the act teaching, buku 2, ed.6/ Cruickshank

xx, 248 hal.: ill.; tab.; 29 cm

Perilaku mengajar = the act teaching, buku 2, ed.6/ Cruickshank

xx, 248 hal.: ill.; tab.; 29 cm