NANOEMULSIONS FOR PROSTRATE CANCER THERAPY: AN OVERVIEW

The objective of this review is to focus the inferences of low/poor bioavailability and lack of dose proportionality for the oral delivery of drugs in prostatecancer therapy. To overcome such problems, various formulation strategies has been reported including various methods for the use of surfactants,cyclodextrins, solid dispersions, micronization, permeation enhancers, and lipids. Flutamide is an antiandrogen drug and used for the therapy of prostate cancer. The flutamide drug is having limited clinical application due to its poor water solubility and needs enhancement of its dissolution rate in simulated gastric fluids. The lipid-based formulations such as nanoemulsion have been shown to improve the solubility and oral absorption of lipophilic drugs. To conclude, this article emphasizes the various approaches of nanoemulsion based formulation for prostate cancer therapy.Â

Increasing frailty is associated with higher prevalence and reduced recognition of delirium in older hospitalised inpatients: results of a multi-centre study

Purpose: Delirium is a neuropsychiatric disorder delineated by an acute change in cognition, attention, and consciousness. It is common, particularly in older adults, but poorly recognised. Frailty is the accumulation of deficits conferring an increased risk of adverse outcomes. We set out to determine how severity of frailty, as measured using the CFS, affected delirium rates, and recognition in hospitalised older people in the United Kingdom. Methods: Adults over 65 years were included in an observational multi-centre audit across UK hospitals, two prospective rounds, and one retrospective note review. Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), delirium status, and 30-day outcomes were recorded. Results: The overall prevalence of delirium was 16.3% (483). Patients with delirium were more frail than patients without delirium (median CFS 6 vs 4). The risk of delirium was greater with increasing frailty [OR 2.9 (1.8–4.6) in CFS 4 vs 1–3; OR 12.4 (6.2–24.5) in CFS 8 vs 1–3]. Higher CFS was associated with reduced recognition of delirium (OR of 0.7 (0.3–1.9) in CFS 4 compared to 0.2 (0.1–0.7) in CFS 8). These risks were both independent of age and dementia. Conclusion: We have demonstrated an incremental increase in risk of delirium with increasing frailty. This has important clinical implications, suggesting that frailty may provide a more nuanced measure of vulnerability to delirium and poor outcomes. However, the most frail patients are least likely to have their delirium diagnosed and there is a significant lack of research into the underlying pathophysiology of both of these common geriatric syndromes

A STUDY ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND THEIR RISK FACTORS OF ANTI- ASTHMATIC AGENTS AMONG GARMENTS DUST-INDUCED ASTHMATIC PATIENTS IN MANCHESTER OF SOUTH INDIA

Objective: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are well known to occur with any class of drugs when used in normal doses for the management of diseases. The main aim of the study was to detect and analyze ADRs in patients with bronchial asthma in a Coimbatore zone.Methods: This was an observational, voluntary reporting study. The study was conducted in and around Coimbatore. Samples are collected in all age groups. We are taken support of Suspected ADR†reporting form from Indian pharmacopoeia commission to collect samples.Results: A total of 1163 ADRs were reported by patients during the study period with male predominance over female. The average age of the patients in the study was found to be 30–60 years. The majority of ADR occurred in the age group 30–60 years, the average duration of bronchial asthma in this study was found to be 3 years. The most commonly occurred ADRs were beclomethasane-induced seizures, salbutamol-induced tremor, anorexia, and nausea, and nausea, salmeterol-induced tremor, and montelukast-induced angioedema were also common.Conclusion: An ADR due to oral anti-asthmatic is a frequent problem. Few multicenter studies are needed for a strong anti-asthmatic drug ADRs database in India

A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY ON DISEASE KNOWLEDGE AND MEDICATION ADHERENCE PATTERN AMONG ASTHMATIC PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN A TIRUPUR POPULATION

Objectives: To study the disease knowledge and drug adherence among asthmatic patients in tertiary care hospital in a rural population.Methods: A total of 99 patients with bronchial asthma study conducted in tertiary care hospital in rural population face to face interaction with patients follow-up have done for 4 months. This clinical study was administered with standard questionnaires evaluating the patient knowledge and medication adherence (MA) Morisky8-items MA scale toward asthma and treatment.Results: A total of 99 patients were evaluated for this clinical study. 43.5% of the patients were male and 56.4% were female. The percentage of the mean score of knowledge and MA are 17% and 18%, with their standard deviation of 1.51 and 1.64, respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the patient's specific knowledge regarding asthma was low. However, few patient's had favorable attitude toward their disease, but other did not have the necessary knowledge of disease management. In addition, the drug adherence was also poor in occupation induced asthmatics patients