Measurement of neutron flux and gamma dose rate distribution inside a water phantom for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy study at Dalat Research Reactor

Exposure dose rate to the tumor and surrounding cells during neutron beam irradiation in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) comes not only from heavy charged particles produced from the 10B(n,α)7Li nuclear reaction, but also from neutron-induced reactions with other biological elements in living tissue, as well as from gamma rays leaked from the reactor core. At Dalat Research Reactor, Vietnam, the neutron and gamma dose rate distribution inside a water phantom were measured by using activation method and Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) detector, respectively. The results showed that effective thermal neutron dose rate along the center line of the water phantom had a maximum value of 479 mSv h-1 at 1 cm in phantom and then decreases rapidly to 4.87 mSv h-1 at 10 cm. The gamma dose rate along the center line of the water phantom also reach its maximum of 4.31 mSv h-1 at 1 cm depth and decreases to 1.16 mSv h-1 at 10 cm position. The maximum biological tumor dose rate was 1.74 Gy-eq h-1, not high enough to satisfy the treatment requirement of brain tumors. However, the results of this work are important in supporting of BNCT study in the upcoming stages at Dalat Research Reactor

Study to Fabricate the Large Scale Buckypaper Based on Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted great attention because of their unique structural, electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Then CNTs have potential application as electrode for batteries and supercapacitors, especially binder-free electrodes. The major challenge is to fabricate the large scale electrode with the uniform thickness, electrical property. The large scale CNTs buckypaper can be fabricated via vacuum filtration technique. The characteristics of CNT dispersion and buckypaper depend on variety of factor such as sonication power, sonication time, dispersant…. In this study, we investigate the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MW CNTs) in Isopropanol (IPA) solvent with different sonication conditions, membrane filter size for paper with areal density of 3 mg/cm2 with different sizes such as 4, 10, 20 cm in diameter and large scale of 30x30 cm2. It is observed that the dispersion of CNTs are good and the thickness, conductivity are uniform over whole sample for above sizes. We also can get the highest conductivity of buckypaper was 3.9x103 S/m in 30 mins. It is found that the higher sonication power and higher sonication time are better for buckypaper

MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING FOR ELECTRIC BICYCLE SELECTION

Electric bicycle is a vehicle which is used widely in all the citys and provinces of Vietnam. However, it’s hard to choose “the most suitable” or “the best” type of electric bicycle because each type has different criteria (parameters). To choose out the best option, we need to consider all the alternatives at once. That is called multi-criteria decision-making. This research used three multi-criteria decision-making methods include SAW method, MARCOS method and PSI method to choose from seven bestselling types of electric bicycle on the market in 2022. All the methods which were used chose out the same best electric bicycle type and the same worst bicycle type. And so, among seven types of electric bicycle which include M133 mini, M133 Sport 2022, Aima 133AM, Nijia – PA4, DK 133M, Yadea iGo and Yadea i3, the best type is Aima 133AM, in contrast, Yadea iGo is considered the worst type. Things that need to be done in the folowing researches were proposed in the last part of this paper

Prospects for Food Fermentation in South-East Asia, Topics From the Tropical Fermentation and Biotechnology Network at the End of the AsiFood Erasmus+Project

Fermentation has been used for centuries to produce food in South-East Asia and some foods of this region are famous in the whole world. However, in the twenty first century, issues like food safety and quality must be addressed in a world changing from local business to globalization. In Western countries, the answer to these questions has been made through hygienisation, generalization of the use of starters, specialization of agriculture and use of long-distance transportation. This may have resulted in a loss in the taste and typicity of the products, in an extensive use of antibiotics and other chemicals and eventually, in a loss in the confidence of consumers to the products. The challenges awaiting fermentation in South-East Asia are thus to improve safety and quality in a sustainable system producing tasty and typical fermented products and valorising by-products. At the end of the “AsiFood Erasmus+ project” (www.asifood.org), the goal of this paper is to present and discuss these challenges as addressed by the Tropical Fermentation Network, a group of researchers from universities, research centers and companies in Asia and Europe. This paper presents current actions and prospects on hygienic, environmental, sensorial and nutritional qualities of traditional fermented food including screening of functional bacteria and starters, food safety strategies, research for new antimicrobial compounds, development of more sustainable fermentations and valorisation of by-products. A specificity of this network is also the multidisciplinary approach dealing with microbiology, food, chemical, sensorial, and genetic analyses, biotechnology, food supply chain, consumers and ethnology

Measurement of Neutron Flux and Gamma Dose Rate Distribution Inside a Water Phantom, for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Study at Dalat Research Reactor

Exposure dose rate to the tumor and surrounding cells during neutron beam irradiation in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) comes not only from heavy charged particles produced from the B-10(n,alpha)Li-7 nuclear reaction, but also from neutron-induced reactions with other biological elements in living tissue, as well as from gamma rays leaked from the reactor core. At Dalat Research Reactor, Vietnam, the neutron and gamma dose rate distribution inside a water phantom were measured by using activation method and Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) detector, respectively. The results showed that effective thermal neutron dose rate along the center line of the water phantom had a maximum value of 479 mSv h(-1) at 1 cm in phantom and then decreases rapidly to 4.87 mSv h(-1) at 10 cm. The gamma dose rate along the center line of the water phantom also reach its maximum of 4.31 mSv h(-1) at 1 cm depth and decreases to 1.16 mSv h(-1) at 10 cm position. The maximum biological tumor dose rate was 1.74 Gy-eqh(-1), not high enough to satisfy the treatment requirement of brain tumors. However, the results of this work are important in supporting of BNCT study in the upcoming stages at Dalat Research Reactor

Explorer la biodiversité pour trouver de nouvelles souches microbiennes pour les innovations de produits alimentaires

Référence : 201511122729Entre les innovations alimentaires renforçant les propriétés sensorielles ou de santé ou améliorant le procédé, la demande de souches microbiennes nouvelles est forte. Toutefois, trouver de nouvelles souches libres de droits et efficaces n’est pas une tâche facile. Dans cet article, seront présentées des voies d’innovations pour augmenter le bénéfice sensoriel de fermentations et les activités du laboratoire international «Tropical Bioresources & Biotechnology» pour découvrir de nouvelles souches et de nouveaux procédés basés sur les fermentations traditionnelles de produits tropicaux

Prevalence and Characterization of Gastroenteritis Viruses among Hospitalized Children during a Pilot Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in Vietnam

Rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), sapovirus (SaV), and human astrovirus (HAstV) are the most common viral causes of gastroenteritis in children worldwide. From 2016 to 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to determine the prevalence of these viruses in hospitalized children under five years old in Nam Dinh and Thua Thien Hue provinces in Vietnam during the pilot introduction of the RV vaccine, Rotavin-M1 (POLYVAC, Hanoi, Vietnam). We randomly selected 2317/6718 (34%) acute diarrheal samples from children ®, Meridian Bioscience, Inc., Cincinnati, OH, USA) was used to detect RV, and two multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays were used for the detection of NoV, SaV and HAstV. The prevalence of RV (single infection) was reduced from 41.6% to 22.7% (p p p = 0.03) and 2.1% to 3.3% (p = 0.09), respectively, during the same period. Viral co-infections decreased from 7.2% to 6.0% (p = 0.24), mainly due to a reduction in RV infection. Among the genotypeable samples, NoV GII.4, SaV GI.1, and HAstV-1 were the dominant types, representing 57.3%, 32.1%, and 55.0% among the individual viral groups, respectively. As the prevalence of RV decreases following the national RV vaccine introduction in Vietnam, other viral pathogens account for a larger proportion of the remaining diarrhea burden and require continuing close monitoring

Intussusception and Other Adverse Event Surveillance after Pilot Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine in Nam Dinh and Thua Thien Hue Provinces—Vietnam, 2017–2021

Rotavin-M1 (POLYVAC) was licensed in Vietnam in 2012. The association of Rotavin-M1 with intussusception, a rare adverse event associated with rotavirus vaccines, and with adverse events following immunization (AEFI) have not been evaluated and monitored under conditions of routine use. From February 2017 to May 2021, we conducted a pilot introduction of Rotavin-M1 into the routine vaccination program in two provinces. Surveillance for intussusception was conducted at six sentinel hospitals. AEFI reports at 30 min and 7 days after vaccination were recorded. Among 443 children ®, ComBE Five®) compared to Rotavin-M1 without pentavalent vaccines. There was no association between intussusception and Rotavin-M1. The vaccine was generally safe when administered alone and when co-administered with other vaccines

Prospects for Food Fermentation in South-East Asia, Topics From the Tropical Fermentation and Biotechnology Network at the End of the AsiFood Erasmus+Project

Fermentation has been used for centuries to produce food in South-East Asia and some foods of this region are famous in the whole world. However, in the twenty first century, issues like food safety and quality must be addressed in a world changing from local business to globalization. In Western countries, the answer to these questions has been made through hygienisation, generalization of the use of starters, specialization of agriculture and use of long-distance transportation. This may have resulted in a loss in the taste and typicity of the products, in an extensive use of antibiotics and other chemicals and eventually, in a loss in the confidence of consumers to the products. The challenges awaiting fermentation in South-East Asia are thus to improve safety and quality in a sustainable system producing tasty and typical fermented products and valorising by-products. At the end of the “AsiFood Erasmus+ project” (www.asifood.org), the goal of this paper is to present and discuss these challenges as addressed by the Tropical Fermentation Network, a group of researchers from universities, research centers and companies in Asia and Europe. This paper presents current actions and prospects on hygienic, environmental, sensorial and nutritional qualities of traditional fermented food including screening of functional bacteria and starters, food safety strategies, research for new antimicrobial compounds, development of more sustainable fermentations and valorisation of by-products. A specificity of this network is also the multidisciplinary approach dealing with microbiology, food, chemical, sensorial, and genetic analyses, biotechnology, food supply chain, consumers and ethnology