Sustainable development, sustainability leadership and firm valuation: differences across Europe

Artigo em revista científicaSustainable development is nowadays a high priority for firms all over the world. Consequently, numerous firms have increased their social responsibility initiatives, reinforcing the credibility and trust of their stakeholders. However, prior research about the relevance of sustainability leadership for the European investment community is scarce. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine whether sustainability leadership – proxied by membership of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index Europe – is value relevant for investors on the 10 major European stock markets over the 2001–2013 period. Our overall results reveal that there exist significant differences across markets. These findings are relevant especially for investors, but also for the managers of listed firms, market regulators and policymakers. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environmentinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Near-field asymptotics for the porous medium equation in exterior domains: The critical two-dimensional case

We consider the porous medium equation in an exterior two-dimensional domain that excludes a hole, with zero Dirichlet data on its boundary. Gilding and Goncerzewicz proved in 2007 that in the far-field scale, which is the adequate one to describe the movement of the free boundary, solutions to this problem with integrable and compactly supported initial data behave as an instantaneous point-source solution for the equation with a variable mass that decays to 0 in a precise way, determined by the initial data and the hole. In this paper, starting from their result in the far field, we study the large time behavior in the near field, in scales that evolve more slowly than the free boundary. In this way we get, in particular, the final profile and decay rate on compact sets. Spatial dimension two is critical for this problem, and involves logarithmic corrections.Fil: Cortázar, Carmen. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; ChileFil: Quirós, Fernando. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Wolanski, Noemi Irene. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló"; Argentin

Near Field Asymptotic Behavior for the Porous Medium Equation on the Half-Line

Kamin and Vázquez [11] proved in 1991 that solutions to the Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for the porous medium equation ut = (um)xx, m > 1, on the half-line with zero boundary data and nonnegative compactly supported integrable initial data behave for large times as a dipole-type solution to the equation having the same first moment as the initial data, with an error which is o(t-1/m). However, on sets of the form 0 < x < g(t), with g(t) = o(t1/(2m)) as t →, in the so-called near field, a scale which includes the particular case of compact sets, the dipole solution is o( t-1/m), and their result gives neither the right rate of decay of the solution nor a nontrivial asymptotic profile. In this paper, we will improve the estimate for the error, showing that it is o(t-(2m+1)/(2m2) (1+x)1/m). This allows in particular to obtain a nontrivial asymptotic profile in the near field limit, which is a multiple of x1/m, thus improving in this scale the results of Kamin and Vázquez.Fil: Cortázar, Carmen. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; ChileFil: Quirós, Fernando. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento de Matemática; EspañaFil: Wolanski, Noemi Irene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló"; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática; Argentin

Historia de un conflicto de intereses: la turistización de la ciudad de Sevilla.

El principal tema de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado es el proceso de turistización que surge en cada vez más ciudades, exponiendo el caso concreto de Sevilla. Asimismo, se expondrán teorías de diversos autores acerca del desarrollo y del crecimiento del turismo a nivel masivo que mostrarán la importancia y el conflicto que ha conllevado durante años. También analizaremos el sentimiento generado en la población residente de ciudades como Venecia, Barcelona o Berlín debido al aumento del número de vacacionistas año tras año. Asimismo, profundizaremos en las diversas etapas que ha vivido el desarrollo turístico, así como en la historia del turismo tanto a nivel nacional como en la ciudad de Sevilla. Una ciudad que cuenta con un patrimonio emblemático e histórico conocido mundialmente y cuya población local no queda indiferente ante la llegada masiva de visitantes.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Turism

Sustainability reporting in Europe: differences in terms of legislation and valuation

Artigo em revista científicaOver the past few years, the number of socially responsible companies has been increasing significantly throughout the world and predominantly in Europe. This trend has accelerated the need to provide credibility, and also to create legislation that supports the information provided. As a result, the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) was created with the aim of helping organisations to provide information about sustainability, as well as to assist stakeholders in interpreting it. However, the publication of social responsibility reports represents an additional cost and effort for the companies since it is necessary to provide extra resources and, for this reason, not all companies adopt this measure. Moreover, social responsibility can be a mandatory or voluntary requirement, depending on the country and the rules imposed by the government where the companies operate. In this context, the aim of this study is two-fold. Firstly, we provide a deep analysis about the evolution as well as the similarities and differences among European countries in terms of sustainability reporting over the 2001-2013 period following the GRI criteria. Secondly, we provide evidence about the value relevance of this practice for European firms.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Isonitriles as Alkyl Radical Precursors in Visible Light Mediated Hydro- and Deuterodeamination Reactions

Herein, we report the use of isonitriles as alkyl radical precursors in light-mediated hydro- and deuterodeamination reactions. The reaction is scalable, shows broad functional group compatibility and potential to be used in late-stage functionalization. Importantly, the method is general for Cα-primary, Cα-secondary and Cαtertiary alkyl isonitriles. For most examples, high yields were obtained through direct visible-light irradiation of the isonitrile in the presence of a silyl radical precursor. Interestingly, in the presence of an organic photocatalyst (4CzIPN) a dramatic acceleration was observed. Indepth mechanistic studies using UV/Vis absorption, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopy suggest that the excited state of 4CzIPN can engage in a single-electron transfer with the isonitrileWe thank the European Research Council (ERC CoG 101002715 SCAN) and Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 (grant n° PID2019-107380GB-I00 and PID2022-142594NB-I00 to MT, PID2022-141688OB-I00 and PID2020-118593RB-C22 to ML, PID2019-106184GB-I00, PID2022-139318NB I00 and RED2022-134287-T to IF) for financial support. I.Q. and L.N. thank Comunidad de Madrid for a predoctoral fellowship, and M.M. acknowledges Ministerio de Universidades for a FPU fellowship (FPU20/06

Brain areas interconnected to ventral pathway circuitsare independently able to induce enhancement in objectrecognition memory and cause reversal in object recognitionmemory deficit.

Ventral pathway circuits are constituted by the interconnected brain areas that are distributed throughout the brain. These brain circuits are primarily involved in processing of object related information in brain. However, their role in object recognition memory (ORM) enhancement remains unknown. Here, we have studied on the implication of these circuits in ORM enhancement and in reversal of ORM deficit in aging. The brain areas interconnected to ventral pathway circuits in rat brain were activated by an expression of a protein called regulator of G-protein signaling 14 of 414 amino acids (RGS14414). RGS14414 is an ORM enhancer and therefore used here as a gain-in-function tool. ORM test and immunohistochemistry, lesions, neuronal arborization, and knockdown studies were performed to uncover the novel function of ventral pathway circuits. An activation of each of the brain areas interconnected to ventral pathway circuits individually induced enhancement in ORM; however, same treatment in brain areas not interconnected to ventral pathway circuits produced no effect. Further study in perirhinal cortex (PRh), area V2 of visual cortex and frontal cortex (FrC), which are brain areas that have been shown to be involved in ORM and are interconnected to ventral pathway circuits, revealed that ORM enhancement seen after the activation of any one of the three brain areas was unaffected by the lesions in other two brain areas either individually in each area or even concurrently in both areas. This ORM enhancement in all three brain areas was associated to increase in structural plasticity of pyramidal neurons where more than 2-fold higher dendritic spines were observed. Additionally, we found that an activation of either PRh, area V2, or FrC not only was adequate but also was sufficient for the reversal of ORM deficit in aging rats, and the blockade of RGS14414 activity led to loss in increase in dendritic spine density and failure in reversal of ORM deficit.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades. Grant Number: PID2022-136954OB-I00 Junta de Andalucía. Grant Number: PROYEXCEL-00422 Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional. Grant Number: CTS-586-G-FEDER Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

Residual pulmonary infiltrates, symptoms and diffusion impairment at one‐year after severe COVID‐19 infection have different associated factors

Menendez R, Mendez R, Latorre A, Gonzalez-Jimenez P, Peces-Barba G, Molina M, et al. Residual pulmonary infiltrates, symptoms and diffusion impairment at 1-year after severe COVID-19 infection have different associated factors. J Intern Med. 2023;00:1-13. Introduction. After severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia, patients may show lung sequelae on radiology and functional impairment at the 1-year followup. We aimed to describe the persistence of symptoms, radiological alterations, or reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) at 1-year follow-up in patients from the Spanish Registry RECOVID. Methods. RECOVID collected symptom and radiological and functional lung tests data on hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 during the acute phase and at the 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. Results. Of the 2500 enrolled survivors (90% admitted to the ward), 1874 had follow-up visits for up to a year. Of these, 42% continued to present with symptoms, 27% had radiological sequelae and 31% had reduced DLCO. Independently associated factors included female sex, asthma and the requirement for invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Complete radiological resolution was 72.2% at 12 months; associated factors with incomplete recovery were age, male sex, oxygen or respiratory support, corticosteroids and an initial SpO(2)/FiO(2) = 2. Reduced D-LCO was observed in 31% of patients at 12 months; associated factors were older age, female sex, smoking habit, SpO(2)/FiO(2) = 2 and the requirement of respiratory support.At 12 months, a proportion of the asymptomatic patients showed reduced D-LCO (9.5%), radiological findings (25%) or both (11%). Conclusions. The factors associated with symptom persistence, incomplete radiological resolution and D-LCO <80% differed according to age, sex, comorbidities and respiratory support. The burden of symptoms, reduced D-LCO and incomplete radiological resolution were considerable in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at the 1-year follow-up after hospitalisation

Cellular and humoral functional responses after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination differ longitudinally between naive and subjects recovered from COVID-19

We have analyzed BNT162b2 vaccine-induced immune responses in naive subjects and individuals recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), both soon after (14 days) and later after (almost 8 months) vaccination. Plasma spike (S)-specific immunoglobulins peak after one vaccine shot in individuals recovered from COVID-19, while a second dose is needed in naive subjects, although the latter group shows reduced levels all along the analyzed period. Despite how the neutralization capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mirrors this behavior early after vaccination, both groups show comparable neutralizing antibodies and S-specific B cell levels late post-vaccination. When studying cellular responses, naive individuals exhibit higher SARS-CoV-2-specific cytokine production, CD4+ T cell activation, and proliferation than do individuals recovered from COVID-19, with patent inverse correlations between humoral and cellular variables early post-vaccination. However, almost 8 months post-vaccination, SARS-CoV-2-specific responses are comparable between both groups. Our data indicate that a previous history of COVID-19 differentially determines the functional T and B cell-mediated responses to BNT162b2 vaccination over time.C.d.F., J.G.-P., and J.A. are supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCII). We thank JM Ligos and Cytek Biosciences for their technical support. Research in E.L.-C.’s lab was supported by Fundación Familia Alonso, Santander Bank, Real Seguros, Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Fundación Uria, Fundación La Caixa, and Ayuntamiento de Madrid.S