Massive binary black holes in galactic nuclei and their path to coalescence

Massive binary black holes form at the centre of galaxies that experience a merger episode. They are expected to coalesce into a larger black hole, following the emission of gravitational waves. Coalescing massive binary black holes are among the loudest sources of gravitational waves in the Universe, and the detection of these events is at the frontier of contemporary astrophysics. Understanding the black hole binary formation path and dynamics in galaxy mergers is therefore mandatory. A key question poses: during a merger, will the black holes descend over time on closer orbits, form a Keplerian binary and coalesce shortly after? Here we review progress on the fate of black holes in both major and minor mergers of galaxies, either gas-free or gas-rich, in smooth and clumpy circum-nuclear discs after a galactic merger, and in circum-binary discs present on the smallest scales inside the relic nucleus.Comment: Accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews. To appear in hard cover in the Space Sciences Series of ISSI "The Physics of Accretion onto Black Holes" (Springer Publisher

PubMiner: Machine learning-based text mining system for biomedical information mining

Abstract. PubMiner, an intelligent machine learning based text mining system for mining biological information from the literature is introduced. PubMiner utilize natural language processing and machine learning based data mining techniques for mining useful biological information such as protein-protein interaction from the massive literature data. The system recognizes biological terms such as gene, protein, and enzymes and extracts their interactions described in the document through natural language analysis. The extracted interactions are further analyzed with a set of features of each entity which were constructed from the related public databases to infer more interactions from the original interactions. An inferred interaction from the interaction analysis and native interaction are provided to the user with the link of literature sources. The evaluation of system performance proceeded with the protein interaction data of S.cerevisiae (bakers yeast) from MIPS and SGD