Marku Ribas: encruzilhadas afro-sônicas através da diáspora

Este ensaio pretende explorar a música do cantor, compositor e multi-instrumentista Marku Ribas. Utilizando-se das chaves teóricas propostas por Paul Gilroy, assim como de correntes epistemológicas como a Negritude[1] e o pan-africanismo, para abarcar o conteúdo estético e político da obra de Marku, situada numa estrutura rizomórfica da afrodiáspora, assim como de reafirmação de uma identidade negra. O texto está dividido em três seções. O ensaio primeiro discute a trajetória do músico antes de sua viagem, em 1968, à França. Posteriormente, há a análise do disco do grupo em que Marku Ribas participou em Paris, o Batuki. E, por último, uma discussão sobre seus dois primeiros discos solo, gravados em 1972 e 1975.Palavras-chave: Marku Ribas - exílio - música do Atlântico negro - afrodiáspora; pan-africanismo. Abstract:This essay explores the music of singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist Marku Ribas. By using theoretical ideas proposed by Paul Gilroy, and epistemological lines of thought such as Négritude and pan-Africanism, this essay illustrates the expression of a rhizomorphic structure of African diaspora and a reaffirmation of black identity as seen in Marku’s oeuvre. Divided into three sections, the essay first discusses the musician’s trajectory before his trip to France in 1968. The analysis then turns to the group Batuki’s homonymous album, of which Marku participated in Paris. Lastly, the essay closes with an examination of his first two solo albums, which were recorded in 1972 and 1975.Keywords: Marku Ribas – exile – music of the black Atlantic – African diaspora – pan-Africanism.[1]       Neste artigo utilizamos as palavras “Negritude” e “negritude” com diferentes significados: a primeira com “N” maiúsculo se refere ao movimento da Négritude de Cesáire, Senghor e Damas, movimento político-literário da década de 1930 desenvolvido pelos autores em Paris, França. Já a grafia com “n” minúsculo se refere a um conceito multifacetado: “negritude passou a ser um conceito dinâmico, o qual tem um caráter político, ideológico e cultural. No terreno político, negritude serve de subsídio para a ação do movimento negro organizado. No campo ideológico, negritude pode ser entendida como processo de aquisição de uma consciência racial. Já na esfera cultural, negritude é a tendência de valorização de toda manifestação cultural de matriz africana. Portanto, negritude é um conceito multifacetado, que precisa ser compreendido à luz dos diversos contextos históricos.”. Petrônio Domingues, “Movimento da negritude: uma breve reconstrução histórica”, Mediações – Revista de Ciências Sociais, Londrina, v. 10, n. 1 (2005), pp. 25-40. É também uma alternativa de tradução do termo blackness

Effectiveness of disinfection with alcohol 70% (w/v) of contaminated surfaces not previously cleaned

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the disinfectant effectiveness of alcohol 70% (w/v) using friction, without previous cleaning, on work surfaces, as a concurrent disinfecting procedure in Health Services. METHOD: An experimental, randomized and single-blinded laboratory study was undertaken. The samples were enamelled surfaces, intentionally contaminated with Serratia marcescens microorganisms ATCC 14756 106 CFU/mL with 10% of human saliva added, and were submitted to the procedure of disinfection WITHOUT previous cleaning. The results were compared to disinfection preceded by cleaning. RESULTS: There was a reduction of six logarithms of the initial microbial population, equal in the groups WITH and WITHOUT previous cleaning (p=0.440) and a residual microbial load ≤ 102 CFU. CONCLUSION: The research demonstrated the acceptability of the practice evaluated, bringing an important response to the area of health, in particular to Nursing, which most undertakes procedures of concurrent cleaning /disinfecting of these work surfaces

Clinical predictors of a positive genetic test in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the Brazilian population

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic autosomal dominant disease characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy. The molecular diagnosis is important but still expensive. This work aimed to find clinical predictors of a positive genetic test in a Brazilian tertiary centre cohort of index cases with HCM.\ud \ud \ud Methods\ud In the study were included patients with HCM clinical diagnosis. For genotype x phenotype comparison we have evaluated echocardiographic, electrocardiographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance measures. All patients answered a questionnaire about familial history of HCM and/or sudden death. β-myosin heavy chain, myosin binding protein C, and troponin T genes were sequenced for genetic diagnosis.\ud \ud \ud Results\ud The variables related to a higher probability of a positive genetic test were familial history of HCM, higher mean heart frequency, presence of NSVT and lower age. Probabilities of having a positive molecular genetic test were calculated from the final multivariate logistic regression model and were used to identify those with a higher probability of a positive molecular diagnosis.\ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud We developed an easy and fast screening method that takes into account only clinical data that can help to select the patients with a high probability of positive genetic results from molecular sequencing of Brazilian HCM patients.National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and\ud Coordination for Enhancement of Higher Education (CAPES)

Joint production of IL-22 participates in the initial phase of antigen-induced arthritis through IL-1β production

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by neutrophil articular infiltration, joint pain and the progressive destruction of cartilage and bone. IL-22 is a key effector molecule that plays a critical role in autoimmune diseases. However, the function of IL-22 in the pathogenesis of RA remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the role of IL-22 in the early phase of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) in mice. Methods: AIA was induced in C57BL/6, IL-22−/− , ASC−/− and IL-1R1−/− immunized mice challenged intra-articularly with methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA). Expression of IL-22 in synovial membranes was determined by RT-PCR. Articular hypernociception was evaluated using an electronic von Frey. Neutrophil recruitment and histopathological analyses were assessed in inflamed knee joint. Joint levels of inflammatory mediators and mBSA-specific IgG concentration in the serum were measured by ELISA. Results: The IL-22 mRNA expression and protein levels in synovial tissue were increased during the onset of AIA. In addition, pharmacological inhibition (anti-IL-22 antibody) and genetic deficiency (IL-22−/− mice) reduced articular pain and neutrophil migration in arthritic mice. Consistent with these findings, recombinant IL-22 joint administration promoted articular inflammation per se in WT mice, restoring joint nociception and neutrophil infiltration in IL-22−/− mice. Moreover, IL-22-deficient mice showed reduced synovitis (inflammatory cell influx) and lower joint IL-1β levels, whereas the production of IL-17, MCP-1/CCL2, and KC/CXCL1 and the humoral immune response were similar, compared with WT mice. Corroborating these results, the exogenous administration of IL-22 into the joints induced IL-1β production in WT mice and reestablished IL-1β production in IL-22−/− mice challenged with mBSA. Additionally, IL-1R1−/− mice showed attenuated inflammatory features induced by mBSA or IL-22 challenge. Articular nociception and neutrophil migration induced by IL-22 were also reduced in ASC−/− mice. Conclusions: These results suggest that IL-22 plays a pro-inflammatory/pathogenic role in the onset of AIA through an ASC-dependent stimulation of IL-1β production

Abordagem multimodal para prevenção e manejo clínico e cirúrgico da úlcera péptica

A úlcera péptica (UP) é definida como lesão no trato gastrointestinal, devido ao excesso de acidez ou de infecção por Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Quanto à epidemiologia, a UP possui maior prevalência em idosos de 65 anos ou mais e em pessoas com comorbidades que causam um maior consumo de medicações como anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINES), aspirina e anticoagulantes. Quanto às manifestações clínicas, a doença apresenta epigastralgia como principal sintoma, mas também pode estar associada à plenitude pós-prandial ou saciedade precoce, náuseas e vômitos, perda ponderal e dor abdominal logo em período pós-prandial, podendo alguns serem assintomáticos. Sua identificação depende de uma anamnese minuciosa, um exame físico bem detalhado e exames complementares. No que tange ao diagnóstico clínico, dor abdominal, melena, taquicardia e sinais de perda sanguínea, são essenciais para identificação da patologia. Para diagnóstico definitivo, lança-se mão da endoscopia digestiva alta, biópsia com exame histopatológico, imuno-histoquímica, teste de urease, ensaio de cultura e reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), fornecendo mais detalhes com melhor acurácia para, juntamente com os dados clínicos, obter o diagnóstico. Já a abordagem terapêutica, apresenta-se através do manejo farmacológico e cirúrgico. Na abordagem farmacológica, lança-se mão de inibidor de bomba de prótons (IBP), claritromicina e amoxicilina. A abordagem cirúrgica utiliza a vagotomia troncular, antrectomia e técnicas cirúrgicas como Bilroth I, Bilroth II e Y de Roux para a reconstrução do trânsito intestinal. Em relação a prevenção, medicamentos gastroprotetores podem ajudar a reduzir a carga global da úlcera péptica e suas complicações

O PERFIL DE SENSIBILIZAÇÃO ACERCA DO DESCARTE E REUTILIZAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS NA CIDADE UNIVERSITÁRIA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO MARANHÃO.

An important aspect the still absent in many universities is planning of disposal, storage and reuse of solid waste. The identification ofsituations faced by academic community regarding generation of waste is essential to the elaboration of programs, projects, systems andpolicies for sustainable management of generated waste. This study aimed to understand how aware of this issue is academic communityof the University City, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), through a profile of the production of solid waste and its impacts on theenvironment. The methodology was based on the application of 509 questionnaires during the year 2011 in four different campuses centers,including 33 undergraduate and graduate departments from various fields, and six administrative centers. The questionnaires consisted ofquestions about recycling policies and waste sorting. According to our results, 67.97 % of respondents know the 3Rs (reduce, reuse andrecycle) and 92.32 % said they would participate in a program for waste management if the university were to do so. However, over 60 % ofrespondents do not separate their household waste. Thus, it is important to note that, although encouraged by the university administration,an effective campaign should include the individual awareness of the academic body.Identificar situações com as quais a comunidade acadêmica se defronta quanto à geração de resíduos é imprescindível para que haja uma elaboração de programas e políticas de gestão sustentável em universidades. Este trabalho visou compreender como se dá a sensibilização da comunidade acadêmica da Cidade Universitária/ UFMA, acerca da produção de resíduos sólidos e seus devidos impactos ambientais. A metodologia baseou-se na aplicação de 509 questionários, com perguntas acerca de políticas de reciclagem e coleta seletiva, abrangendo 33 cursos de graduação e pós-graduação de diversas áreas e seis instâncias administrativas. De acordo com os resultados, 67,97% dos entrevistados conhecem as políticas de reaproveitamento, reutilização e reciclagem de resíduos e 92,32% afirmou que participaria de um programa interno caso houvesse incentivo para tal. Assim, é importante ressaltar que ainda que incentivado pelas instâncias administrativas, uma campanha efetiva deve incluir a sensibilização dos integrantes da comunidade acadêmica em questão

Paciente pediátrico portador de transtorno espectro autista em um ambulatório: relato de experiência / Pediatric patient with autistic spectrum disorder in an outpatient clinic: experience report

O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é um grupo de distúrbios do desenvolvimento neurológico de início precoce, caracterizado por comprometimento das habilidades sociais e de comunicação, além de comportamentos estereotipados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciadas durante o período das aulas práticas em um ambulatório pediátrico, pontuando a assistência de enfermagem para um paciente pediátrico com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), e os cuidados voltados para as suas enfermidades. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, realizado por acadêmicas de enfermagem da Universidade da Amazônia - UNAMA, durante as aulas práticas em um ambulatório infantil em Belém – PA, concluímos que a importância do enfermeiro sobre orientar os pais, e direciona-los a consultar o filho com outros profissionais da equipe multiprofissional de saúde, e para melhorar a qualidade de vida da criança.

Tendências Promissoras: O Papel dos Inibidores do SGLT2 no Tratamento da Diabetes Tipo 2 e seus Impactos Cardiovasculares

This study reviewed the role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and their cardiovascular impacts. Through the analysis of clinical studies, including those conducted with empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and ertugliflozin, a significant reduction in the risk of adverse cardiovascular events was observed in patients treated with these medications. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with additional benefits, such as reducing the progression of renal disease and hospitalization for heart failure. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action of these medications and their potential long-term adverse effects. In summary, SGLT2 inhibitors represent an important therapeutic option in the management of type 2 diabetes, offering additional cardiovascular and renal benefits beyond glycemic control.Este trabalho revisou o papel dos inibidores do cotransportador de sódio-glicose 2 (SGLT2) no tratamento da diabetes tipo 2 e seus impactos cardiovasculares. A partir da análise de estudos clínicos, incluindo aqueles conduzidos com empagliflozina, canagliflozina, dapagliflozina e ertugliflozina, observou-se uma redução significativa do risco de eventos cardiovasculares adversos em pacientes tratados com esses medicamentos. Além disso, os inibidores do SGLT2 foram associados a benefícios adicionais, como a redução da progressão da doença renal e da hospitalização por insuficiência cardíaca. No entanto, são necessárias mais pesquisas para compreender completamente os mecanismos de ação desses medicamentos e seus potenciais efeitos adversos a longo prazo. Em resumo, os inibidores do SGLT2 representam uma importante opção terapêutica no manejo da diabetes tipo 2, oferecendo benefícios cardiovasculares e renais adicionais além do controle glicêmico

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

AimAmazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types.LocationAmazonia.TaxonAngiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots).MethodsData for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny.ResultsIn the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types.Main ConclusionNumerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions