Effectiveness of the use of bedrails in preventing falls among hospitalized older adults: a systematic review protocol

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Avaliação da perceção da autoeficácia dos membros da família prestadores de cuidados que tomam conta de familiares dependentes no autocuidado : estudo exploratório no Concelho do Porto

Esta investigação teve como objeto de estudo a perceção de autoeficácia (PAE) dos membros da família prestadores de cuidados (MFPC). O aumento do número de pessoas dependentes no autocuidado, decorrente de inúmeras causas, conduz a um acréscimo do número de membros da família que assumem o papel de prestador de cuidados. A perceção de autoeficácia é a convicção de que se é capaz de executar com êxito os comportamentos requeridos para produzir as consequências desejadas. Os objetivos definidos para este estudo foram: conhecer o nível de perceção de autoeficácia dos membros da família prestadores de cuidados, no seio das famílias clássicas do concelho do Porto e explorar as relações entre a perceção de autoeficácia e as variáveis de atributo dos membros da família que prestam cuidados e das pessoas dependentes. O estudo realizado enquadra-se num paradigma de investigação quantitativa, do tipo exploratório e descritivo. A amostra utilizada foi probabilística e estratificada em função do peso relativo de cada freguesia do concelho, no universo total de famílias clássicas do concelho do Porto. Para a recolha de dados optou-se por uma abordagem “porta a porta”, com recurso a um formulário. A perceção de autoeficácia foi avaliada através de um instrumento específico, construído através da discussão no seio do grupo de investigação e da revisão da literatura. Na sua construção foi tomada como principal referência o trabalho de Schumacher e colaboradoras (2000) – Family Caregiving Skill: Development of the Concept. Os resultados apurados mostram-nos que a grande maioria dos familiares cuidadores perceciona-se como “muito competente”, para cuidar do seu familiar dependente. Porém, considerando os scores médios de PAE, existem domínios em que membros da família prestadores de cuidados se percecionam menos competentes. Neste particular merecem destaque domínios como lidar com a dependência do familiar para: “virar-se”, “transferir-se”, “uso do sanitário” e “tomar a medicação”. Considerando os processos de cuidar, descritos por Schumacher e colaboradoras (2000), os MFPC julgam-se menos competentes no “aceder a recursos”. Apesar dos membros da família prestadores de cuidados se percecionarem como muito competentes no desempenho do papel, identificamos muitos indicadores nas (sub)escalas com baixa casuísta. Importa que enfermeiros assistam os MFPC na consciencialização para o papel e colaborem na construção da definição pessoal de cuidar do membro da família.This investigation meant to study the self-efficacy perception of family caregivers. The increase of the number of persons depending on the self-care, deriving from countless causes, leads to a growth of the number of members of the family that take over the role of caregiver. The self-efficacy perception is the conviction of being able to successfully perform the requested behaviour to produce the desired consequences. The aims defined for this study were: to get to know the level of self-efficacy perception of the family caregivers, within the classic families of the council of Oporto as well as to explore the connection between the self-efficacy perception and the variables of attribute of family caregivers and of the dependent people. The performed study fits in a paradigm of quantitative investigation, of the exploratory and descriptive type. The sample used was probabilistic and stratified bearing in mind the relative weight of each of the communities of the council, in the total universe of classic families of Oporto. For data collection we chose an approach “door to door”, using a form. The self-efficacy perception was assessed by means of a specific tool, built through the debate within the group of investigation and the proofreading of the literature. The work of Schumacher and collaborators (2000) - Family Caregiving Skill: Development of the Concept was the main reference source of its building. The outcoming results show us that the great majority of the family caregivers perceive themselves as "very competent", to take care of his/her dependent relative. Nevertheless, considering the average scores of self-efficacy perception, there are areas where the family caregivers perceive themselves less competent. In this case there are a few particular areas as to deal with the dependency of the relative to enhance, such as: " self turning", " self transferring ", " self toileting " and " taking medication". Considering the family caregiving processes, described by Schumacher and collaborators (2000), the family caregivers feel less competent as far as "accessing resources" is concerned. Despite the members of the family caregivers perceiving themselves very competent while performing the role, we have identified many indicators in the (sub)scales with low casuistry. It is very important that nurses help the family caregivers awareness to the role and cooperate in the building of the personal definition of taking care of the family member

Nursing diagnoses focused on universal self-care requisites

Aims: (1) To identify and analyse diagnoses documented by nurses in Portugal within the scope of universal self-care requisites; (2) to determine the main problems with nursing diagnoses syntaxes for semantic interoperability purposes; and (3) to suggest unified nursing diagnoses syntaxes within the scope of universal self-care requisites. Background/Introduction: Ageing societies and the increase in chronic diseases have led to significant concern regarding individuals’ dependence to ensure self-care. ICNP is widely used by Portuguese nurses in electronic health records for documentation of nursing diagnoses and interventions. Methods: A qualitative study using inductive content analysis and focus group: 1. nursing e-documentation content analysis and 2. focus group to explore implicit criteria or insights from content analysis results. Results: From a corpus of analysis with 1793 nursing diagnoses, 432 nursing diagnoses centred on universal self-care requisites emerged from the content analysis. One hundred ten nursing diagnoses resulted from the application of new encoding criteria that emerged after a focus group meeting. Conclusion: Results reveal that nursing diagnoses related to universal self-care requisites can emphasize the impairment or potentialities of the individuals performing self-care. It also shows a lack of consensus on nominating the nursing diagnoses of people with a deficit in universal self-care requisites, resulting in different diagnoses to express the same needs. Implications for nursing practice: Representation of most relevant nursing diagnoses within the scope of universal self-care requisites. Implications for health policy: Incorporating standardized language into electronic health records is not enough for improving quality and continuity of care and semantic interoperability achievement. Electronic health records need to work with a nursing ontology in the backend to meet these requirements.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Self‐care nursing interventions: A qualitative study into electronic health records’ contents

Aims:This study aims to (1) analyse all self-care–related interventions Portuguesenurses documented, (2) determine potential issues that may impair semantic interoper-ability and (3) propose a new set of interventions representing nursing actions regardingself-care that may integrate any HER application.Background:As populations age and chronic diseases increase, self-care concerns rise.Individuals who seek healthcare, regardless of context, need prompt access to accuratehealth information. Healthcare professionals need to understand the information in allplaces where care is provided, creating the need for semantic interoperability withinelectronic health records.Methods:A qualitative descriptive and exploratory study was conducted in two phases:(1) a content analysis of nursing interventions e-documentation and (2) a focusgroup with fifteen registered nurses exploring latent criteria or insights gleaned fromthe findings of content analysis. The COREQ statement was used to guide researchreporting.Results:We extracted 1529 nursing intervention sentences from the electronic healthrecords and created 209 intervention categories. We identified the main issues withsemantic interoperability in nursing intervention identification.Conclusion:According to the findings, nurses cooperate with clients, offering phys-ical aid and encouraging them to overcome functional limitations to self-care taskshampered by their conditions.Implications for nursing policy and health policy:This article provides evidence towarn policy makers against decisions to use locally customised electronic health records,as well as evidence on the importance of policy promoting the adoption of a nursingontologyforelectronichealthrecords.And,asaresult,theharmonisationandeffec-tive provision of high-quality nursing care and the reduction of healthcare costs acrossnations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Design of a system to implement occupational stress studies trough wearables devices and assessment tests

[Abstract] Introduction: Stress at work is a factor that has repercussions on both a personal and health level, as well as on productivity at work. Objective: To establish if the wearables are devices capable of determining the level of labor stress of working people in a research center. Methodology: This pilot study followed up different variables during 6 months on 11 participants of a research center. In the study, wearables Xiaomi MiB and 3 were used, which recorded and continuously monitored the physical activity and sleep of the participants. On the other hand, different specific evaluation tests were used to measure work stress, quality of life and sleep quality. Results: The data obtained from the tests and the wearables show that men feel slightly more stressed and sleep worse than women; however, men spend more time sitting and walking than women. Conclusions: It is considered important to replicate the study in larger and more heterogeneous cohorts

Study for the design of a protocol to assess the impact of stress in the quality of life of workers

[Abstract] Background: Work stress is one of the most relevant issues in public health. It has a significant impact on health, especially the development of mental disorders, causing occupational imbalance. There is a growing interest in the development of tools with a positive effect on workers. To this end, wearable technology is becoming increasingly popular, as it measures biometric variables like heartbeat, activity, and sleep. This information may be used to assess the stress a person is suffering, which could allow the development of stress coping strategies, both at a professional and personal level. (2) Methods: This paper describes an observational, analytical, and longitudinal study which will be set at a research center in A Coruña, Spain. Various scales and questionnaires will be filled in by the participants throughout the study. For the statistical analysis, specific methods will be used to evaluate the association between numerical and categorical variables. (3) Discussion: This study will lay the foundation for a bigger, more complete study to assess occupational stress in different work environments. This will allow us to begin to understand how occupational stress influences daily life activity and occupational balance, which could directly enhance the quality of life of workers if the necessary measures are taken.This work is supported in part by some grants from the European Social Fund 2014–2020. CITIC (Research Centre of the Galician University System) and the Galician University System (SUG) obtained funds through the Regional Development Fund (ERDF) to cover 80% of the Operational Program ERDF Galicia 2014–2020, and the remaining 20% was obtained by the Secretaría Xeral de Universidades of the Galician University System (SUG). Specifically, the author P.C.M. obtained a scholarship (Ref. ED481A-2019/069), and the author M.D.C.M.-D. (Ref. ED481A 2018/205) to develop the Ph.D. thesis. Furthermore, the diffusion and publication of this research are funded by the CITIC, as the Research Centre by Galician University System, with the support previously mentioned (Ref ED431G 2019/01). In addition, this work is also supported in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación R+D+I projects in the framework of the national programs of knowledge generation and scientific and technological strengthening of the R+D+I system, and challenges of society’s oriented R+D+I 2019 call (PID2019-104323RB-C33

Uma exceção na formação das mulheres: Al-Andalus nos séculos VIII-XII

Introducción: Diferenciando lugares y períodos históricos, la mujer residente en Al-Ándalus durante los siglos VIII-XII pudo formarse de manera reglada en la medicina y el cuidado. Tal inflexión entre normativa jurídico-religiosa y práctica sanitaria se debió a diferentes factores. Objetivo general: Esclarecer el recorrido formativo de las mujeres de Al-Ándalus durante los siglos VIII-XII. Objetivos específicos: conocer los inicios formativos de las mujeres en Al-Ándalus; establecer las vías de formación en salud de la mujer andalusí; determinar las figuras femeninas resultantes dedicadas a la atención sanitaria en Al-Ándalus según su formación. Metodología: Revisión histórico-descriptiva. Búsqueda bibliográfica en fuentes primarias, artículos originales, manuales y otros, bibliotecas, archivos históricos y bases de datos. Resultados: La educación de la mujer andalusí comenzó con el aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura del Corán. La formación en salud estuvo vinculada a docentes masculinos, tabib, y femeninas, tabiba y qabila. Cuando terminaban su formación, debían adquirir la iyaza y superar un examen teórico-práctico. Se formaron en medicina hispano-árabe. Conclusiones: La formación de tabibas y qabilas andalusíes fue silenciosa pero revolucionaria, dado su carácter reglado y formal, e hizo aportaciones a la obstetricia de la época. Parte de la tradición formativa en Al-Ándalus perdura hasta la actualidad.Introduction: Women in Al-Andalus, 8th to the 12th centuries, could get trained in a formal way in medicine and caring. This turning point between legal-religious regulation and healthcare was the result of different factors. Main objective: To clarify the training course of women in Al-Andalus during the 8th to the 12th centuries. Specific objectives: to know the educational beginnings of women in Al-Andalus; to establish the healthcare training paths of women in Al-Andalus; to define the feminine figures dedicated to healthcare according to their academic education. Methods: Historical and descriptive review. It has conducted a bibliographic research in primary sources, original articles, manuals, libraries, historical archives and databases. Results: The education of the andalusi women began with the reading and writing of the Koran. The training in healthcare was associated to male teachers known as tabib, and female teachers, tabiba and qabila. When their training was finished, women should acquire the iyaza and pass a theoretical-practical exam. Andalusí women got trained in hispanic-arabic medicine. Conclusions: The training of tabibas and qabilas in Al-Andalus was silent but revolutionary, giving its formal and regulated nature. They made contributions to the obstetrics. Part of the training tradition of Al-Andalus lasts nowadays.Introdução: Considerando diferentes de lugares e períodos históricos, a mulher residente em Al-Andalus, durante os séculos VIII-XII, podia ser formada, de forma regulamentada, em medicina e em cuidado. Tal inflexão entre as normas jurídico-religiosas e a prática sanitária foi devida a diferentes fatores. Objetivo geral: Esclarecer a trajetória formativa das mulheres de Al-Andalus durante os séculos VIII-XII. Objetivos específicos: conhecer os inícios formativos das mulheres em Al-Andalus; estabelecer os percursos de formação em saúde para as mulheres andaluzes; determinar as figuras femininas dedicadas aos cuidados de saúde em Al-Andalus de acordo com a sua formação. Metodologia: Revisão histórico-descritiva. Pesquisa bibliográfica em fontes primárias, artigos originais, manuais e outros, bibliotecas, arquivos históricos e bases de dados. Resultados: A educação da mulher andaluza começou com o aprendizagem da leitura e escrita do Corão. A formação em saúde esteve vinculada a professores do sexo masculino, tabib e do sexo feminino, tabiba e qabila. Quando terminaram a sua formação, tiveram que adquirir o iyaza e passar num exame teórico-prático. A sua formação foi em medicina hispano-árabe. Conclusões: A formação de tabibas e qabilas andaluses foi silenciosa, mas revolucionária, dado o seu caráter regulado e formal, e contribuiu para a obstetrícia da época. Parte da tradição formativa em Al-Andalus dura até hoje

Effect of the Lights4Violence intervention on the sexism of adolescents in European countries

Background: Sexism results in a number of attitudes and behaviors that contribute to gender inequalities in social structure and interpersonal relationships. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Lights4Violence, an intervention program based on promoting health assets to reduce sexist attitudes in young European people. Methods: We carried out a quasi-experimental study in a non-probabilistic population of 1146 students, aged 12–17 years. The dependent variables were the difference in the wave 1 and wave 2 values in the subscales of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: benevolent sexism (BS) and hostile sexism (HS). The effect of the intervention was evaluated through linear regression analyses stratified by sex. The models were adjusted by baseline subscales scores, socio-demographic and psychological variables. Results: In girls, we observed a decrease in BS in the intervention group compared to the control group (β = − 0.101; p = 0.006). In the wave2,, BS decreased more in the intervention group compared to the control group in girls with mothers with a low level of education (β = − 0.338; p = 0.001), with a high level of social support (β = − 0.251; p < 0.001), with greater capacity for conflict resolution (β = − 0.201; p < 0.001) and lower levels of aggressiveness (β = − 0.232, p < 0.001). In boys, the mean levels of HS and BH decreased in wave 2 in both the control and intervention groups. The changes observed after the wave 2 were the same in the control group and in the intervention group. No significant differences were identified between both groups. Conclusions: The implementation of the Lights4Violence was associated with a significant reduction in BS in girls, which highlights the potential of interventions aimed at supporting the personal competencies and social support. It is necessary to reinforce the inclusion of educational contents that promote reflection among boys about the role of gender and the meaning of the attributes of masculinity. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov : NCT03411564. Unique Protocol ID: 776905. Date registered: 26-01-2018.The project “Lights, Camera and Action against Dating Violence” (Ligts4Violence) was funded by the European Commission Directorate-General Justice and Consumers Rights, Equality and Citizen Violence Against Women Program 2016 for the period 2017–2019 to promote healthy dating relationship assets among secondary school students from different European countries, under grant agreement No. 776905. It was also co-supported by the CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health of Spain for its aid to the Gender-based Violence and Youth Research Program

DNA hypomethylation affects cancer-related biological functions and genes relevant in neuroblastoma pathogenesis

Neuroblastoma (NB) pathogenesis has been reported to be closely associated with numerous genetic alterations. However, underlying DNA methylation patterns have not been extensively studied in this developmental malignancy. Here, we generated microarray-based DNA methylation profiles of primary neuroblastic tumors. Stringent supervised differential methylation analyses allowed us to identify epigenetic changes characteristic for NB tumors as well as for clinical and biological subtypes of NB. We observed that gene-specific loss of DNA methylation is more prevalent than promoter hypermethylation. Remarkably, such hypomethylation affected cancer-related biological functions and genes relevant to NB pathogenesis such as CCND1, SPRR3, BTC, EGF and FGF6. In particular, differential methylation in CCND1 affected mostly an evolutionary conserved functionally relevant 3′ untranslated region, suggesting that hypomethylation outside promoter regions may play a role in NB pathogenesis. Hypermethylation targeted genes involved in cell development and proliferation such as RASSF1A, POU2F2 or HOXD3, among others. The results derived from this study provide new candidate epigenetic biomarkers associated with NB as well as insights into the molecular pathogenesis of this tumor, which involves a marked gene-specific hypomethylation

Nursing knowledge on skin ulcer healing: a living scoping review protocol

Objective: This review aims to continuously map the nursing knowledge on skin ulcer healing in any context of care. Introduction: Chronic wounds are an increasing concern for society and health care providers. Pressure ulcers and venous ulcers, among others, have devastating effects on morbidity and quality of life and require a systematic approach. The nursing process is an important method that allows a better organization and overall care quality for a systematic and continuous professional approach to nursing management of skin ulcers. The integration of this nursing knowledge in informatics systems creates an opportunity to embed decision-support models in clinical activity, promoting evidence-based practice. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will consider articles on nursing data, diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes focused on people with skin ulcers in all contexts of care. This review will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods study designs as well as systematic reviews and dissertations. Methods: JBI’s scoping review guidance, as well as the Cochrane Collaboration’s guidance on living reviews, will be followed to meet the review’s objective. Screening of new literature will be performed regularly, with the review updated according to new findings. The search strategy will map published and unpublished studies. The databases to be searched include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, JBI Evidence Synthesis, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PEDro. Searches for unpublished studies will include OpenGrey and Reposito´ rios Cientı´ficos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. Studies published in English and Portuguese since 2010 will be considered for inclusion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio