2023 Global Youth Forum Results Report

The 2023 cycle of the World Food Forum (WFF) demonstrated an incredible acceleration toward a better food future for all. In its third year, the Forum brought together many tens of thousands of participants both in-person and online, and shared ideas and solutions that reached billions around the globe. This is an unprecedented movement that is stepping up in the face of unprecedented climatic and agrifood systems challenges. Currently, agrifood systems account for one-third of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, 90 percent of global deforestation and 70 percent of water use globally. They are the single greatest cause of terrestrial biodiversity loss, putting pressure on food value chains. We also lose or waste enough food to feed 1.3 billion hungry people every year

ATMSeer: Increasing Transparency and Controllability in Automated Machine Learning

To relieve the pain of manually selecting machine learning algorithms and tuning hyperparameters, automated machine learning (AutoML) methods have been developed to automatically search for good models. Due to the huge model search space, it is impossible to try all models. Users tend to distrust automatic results and increase the search budget as much as they can, thereby undermining the efficiency of AutoML. To address these issues, we design and implement ATMSeer, an interactive visualization tool that supports users in refining the search space of AutoML and analyzing the results. To guide the design of ATMSeer, we derive a workflow of using AutoML based on interviews with machine learning experts. A multi-granularity visualization is proposed to enable users to monitor the AutoML process, analyze the searched models, and refine the search space in real time. We demonstrate the utility and usability of ATMSeer through two case studies, expert interviews, and a user study with 13 end users.Comment: Published in the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), 2019, Glasgow, Scotland U

Study of the intense pulsed electron beam energy spectrum from BIPPAB-450

Intense pulsed particle beams have been widely used and studied as an effective method for material surface modification in the past several decades. Beihang Intense Pulsed PArticle Beams 450 accelerator (BIPPAB-450) can produce Intense Pulsed Ion Beams (IPIB) and Electron Beams (IPEB) in two modes with different Magnetically Insulated Diodes (MID). For IPEB, the pulse duration, accelerating voltage, total beam current are 100ns, up to 450keV and 3kA, respectively..

Impact of Phosphorous Fertilization on Rape and Common Vetch Intercropped Fodder and Soil Phosphorus Dynamics in North China

This study explores the effect of phosphorus (P) fractions, under P addition or not, based on a common vetch-rape model cropping system in alkaline soil. A two year field experiment was conducted at Tuzuo Banner modern agricultural Park in Inner Mongolia, China. Two phosphorus levels, including P0 (no fertilizer) and P45 (45 kg·ha−1 P), were performed in common vetch and rape either grown alone or intercropped. We analyzed the changes of the physicochemical properties and phosphorus fractions in the rhizosphere soil. Intercropping enhanced the common vetch and rape yield by 42.05% and 24.91%, on average, compared with corresponding sole cropping on an equivalent area basis. The average land equivalent ratio (LER) was 1.34. Intercropping had a significant AP concentration, of 65.32% and 33.99% at the P0 level, and 62.83% and 36.19% at the P45 level, respectively, compared to that of the sole common vetch and rape. With the application of P, intercropping improved the Resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi fraction (61.17%, 87.03% at the P0 level and 96.50%, 41.85% at the P45 level, compared to monocropped common vetch and rape in 2019). The changes in NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po (except for NaOH-Pi in 2019) showed no significant difference between cropping systems. Intercropping significantly accumulated concentrations of HCl-P, while depleting Residual-P, in 2020. In conclusion, common vetch/rape with the addition of P polyculture stimulated rhizosphere soil P mobilization and had a yield advantage over sole cropping