Findings of a videofluoroscopic swallowing study in patients with dysphagia

ObjectiveSwallowing examination is crucial in patients with dysphagia. We aimed to compare qualitative and quantitative videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) results to provide reference for standardizing quantitative parameters.Materials and methodsIn total, 117 patients with dysphagia were included, 38 with Parkinson’s disease and 39 and 40 in convalescence following cerebral hemorrhage and infarction. VFSS was both qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed.ResultsA significant difference of Oral transit time was found between the oral motor function grades (p < 0.001), also was swallowing reaction times found between swallowing reaction duration grades (p < 0.001), and soft palate lift duration between the soft palate lift grades (p < 0.001). Superior hyoid bone movement (p < 0.001), anterior hyoid bone movement (p < 0.001), hyoid pause time (p < 0.001), and hyoid movement duration (p = 0.032) had significant differences between the hyoid laryngeal complex movement grades, as did the pharyngeal cavity transit time among the cricopharyngeal muscle opening duration grades (p < 0.001). The laryngeal vestibule closure duration differed among the glottic closure grades (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference in upper esophageal sphincter opening diameter (p = 0.682) or duration (p = 0.682) among the cyclopharyngeal muscle opening duration grades. The pharyngeal area at rest did not significantly differ among the different vallecular residue (p = 0.202) and pyriform sinus residue (p = 0.116) grades.ConclusionSeveral quantitative parameters can reflect the swallowing assessment process well. Further optimization of quantitative parameters is recommended

Chinese historians and the West: The origins of modern Chinese historiography

In the beginning of the twentieth century, following the call of Liang Qichao (1873-1929) for a new history and of Hu Shi (1891-1962) for a scientific method, Chinese historians such as Fu Sinian (1896-1951), Luo Jialun (1897-1969), He Bingsong (1890-1946), Yao Congwu (1894-1970), and Chen Yinke (1890-1969) began to reform Chinese historiography with their knowledge of Western historiography. Their effort initiated the course of modern Chinese historiography. Like most western historians who advocated scientific history, these Chinese historians deemed source collection and criticism the key to the work of the modern historian. During the 1930s and 1940s after their return from the West, they introduced Rankean principles and methods in source criticism to China, established modern historical research institutes, taught Western history at the university level, translated historical works, and, importantly, applied Western historical methods to their study of Chinese history. With the Western model, they also examined the historiographical tradition in China and searched for elements to reinforce their research. They believed that the spirit of Qing evidential scholarship was essentially scientific. Their approach was thus syncretic. With their belief in liberalism, these historians comprised a unique group in modern China, distinct in approach from Marxist and traditional historians. However, the accomplishment of these liberal historians was limited. A major reason was that when they were engaged in historical research, China was fighting with Japan in World War II. The war made serious scholarship extremely difficult. It also forced these intellectuals to seek linkages between scholarship and politics, as a way of preserving and defending China. However, while they made their voices heard in the political arena, their scholarship suffered. Some of them even forsook their former belief in the need to introduce Western historiography, and sought a completely China-oriented culture. For many of them, World War II thus became a turning point in their careers. Driven by the need for national salvation, they regarded the preservation of China\u27s cultural tradition as the most urgent task for the country. This in turn undid some of their previous work, and restrained them from making a sustained contribution to the modern Chinese historiography they began

Application of Video Recognition Technology in Landslide Monitoring System

The video recognition technology is applied to the landslide emergency remote monitoring system. The trajectories of the landslide are identified by this system in this paper. The system of geological disaster monitoring is applied synthetically to realize the analysis of landslide monitoring data and the combination of video recognition technology. Landslide video monitoring system will video image information, time point, network signal strength, power supply through the 4G network transmission to the server. The data is comprehensively analysed though the remote man-machine interface to conduct to achieve the threshold or manual control to determine the front-end video surveillance system. The system is used to identify the target landslide video for intelligent identification. The algorithm is embedded in the intelligent analysis module, and the video frame is identified, detected, analysed, filtered, and morphological treatment. The algorithm based on artificial intelligence and pattern recognition is used to mark the target landslide in the video screen and confirm whether the landslide is normal. The landslide video monitoring system realizes the remote monitoring and control of the mobile side, and provides a quick and easy monitoring technology

Design of rapid monitoring system of geological disaster based on LoRa

According to the characteristics of the geological environment and disasters, this paper uses microelectronics, wireless communication, thin-film solar power supply and other technologies, combined with lightweight process design, a new scheme for rapid geological disaster monitoring system based on LoRa is proposed. The system is based on embedded microprocessor of STM32F103 and SX1278 module of LoRa, which uses self-organizing network design of star-type and constructs a monitoring system with long communication distance and stable and reliable data transmission. The system can realize real-time data collection of multiple monitoring parameters of the disaster body and transmit the monitoring data to the data center or dedicated data receiving terminal through LoRa/GPRS/BeiDou satellite, which can provide data support for expert analysis and decision-making. The system has the features of low power consumption, long transmission distance, ad hoc network, stable and reliable communication, which has wide application prospect in the field of geological disaster monitoring

Design of rapid monitoring system of geological disaster based on LoRa

According to the characteristics of the geological environment and disasters, this paper uses microelectronics, wireless communication, thin-film solar power supply and other technologies, combined with lightweight process design, a new scheme for rapid geological disaster monitoring system based on LoRa is proposed. The system is based on embedded microprocessor of STM32F103 and SX1278 module of LoRa, which uses self-organizing network design of star-type and constructs a monitoring system with long communication distance and stable and reliable data transmission. The system can realize real-time data collection of multiple monitoring parameters of the disaster body and transmit the monitoring data to the data center or dedicated data receiving terminal through LoRa/GPRS/BeiDou satellite, which can provide data support for expert analysis and decision-making. The system has the features of low power consumption, long transmission distance, ad hoc network, stable and reliable communication, which has wide application prospect in the field of geological disaster monitoring

Application of Video Recognition Technology in Landslide Monitoring System

The video recognition technology is applied to the landslide emergency remote monitoring system. The trajectories of the landslide are identified by this system in this paper. The system of geological disaster monitoring is applied synthetically to realize the analysis of landslide monitoring data and the combination of video recognition technology. Landslide video monitoring system will video image information, time point, network signal strength, power supply through the 4G network transmission to the server. The data is comprehensively analysed though the remote man-machine interface to conduct to achieve the threshold or manual control to determine the front-end video surveillance system. The system is used to identify the target landslide video for intelligent identification. The algorithm is embedded in the intelligent analysis module, and the video frame is identified, detected, analysed, filtered, and morphological treatment. The algorithm based on artificial intelligence and pattern recognition is used to mark the target landslide in the video screen and confirm whether the landslide is normal. The landslide video monitoring system realizes the remote monitoring and control of the mobile side, and provides a quick and easy monitoring technology

Design of the Landslide Multi-factor Monitoring System Based on the GNSS Technology

Based on the multi-element monitoring of landslide, this paper adopts the GNSS technology to build the three-dimensional space monitoring system to research the landslide multi-element three- dimensional space monitoring technology. Through collecting the rainfall, soil moisture content, slope, pore water pressure, stress, single point surface deformation etc, the system has many key technologies such as multi-parameter, information acquisition, data fusion analysis and real-time early warning of landslides and integrate various elements by using the professional technology. This research provides an important reference for the landslide disaster prevention

Driving Forces of the Bubble-Driven Tubular Micromotor Based on the Full Life-Cycle of the Bubble

Micromotors show many advantages in practical applications, including small size, large push-to-weight ratio, and low power consumption. Micromotors have been widely used in a variety of applications, including cell manipulation, payload delivery, and removal of toxic components. Among them, bubble-driven micromotors have received great attention due to their large driving force and high speed. The driving force of the bubble-driven micromotor movement comes from the four stages of the life cycle of the bubble: nucleation, growth, slip, and ejection. At present, investigators are still unclear about the driving mechanism of the bubble-driven micromotors, the source of the driving force being still especially controversial. In response to this problem, this paper combines the mass transfer model, hydrodynamic theory, and numerical simulation to explain the driving force generated by the various stages of the life-cycle of the bubble. A mass transfer model was used to calculate the driving force of the motor contributed by the bubble nucleation and slip stage. Based on equilibrium of force and conservation of energy, a theoretical model of the driving force of the tubular micromotor in the growth and ejection stage of the bubble was established. The results show that the driving force contributed by the bubble in the nucleation and the slip stage is rather small. However, the stage of bubble growth and ejection provide most of the driving force. On further evaluating the effect of the bubble driving force on the motor speed, it was found that the growth stage plays a major role in the motion of the bubble-driven micromotor. The micromotor velocity based on the driving forces of the full life-cycle of bubbles agrees well with the experimental results