6-Chloro-3-nitro-N-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine

There are two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit mol­ecule of the title compound, C8H10ClN3O2. Intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilize the mol­ecular structure. There are no classical inter­molecular hydrogen bonds in the crystal structure

Correlation between Drug Compliance and Quality of Life in AIDS Patients under Effects of Nursing Intervention

Objective: Good drug compliance is the significant premise of the therapeutic efficacy and the physically healthy level could be reflected by the quality of life. It will be of great importance in enhancing the drug compliance and the quality of life for patients to firm their confidence in fighting with the disease, cooperate with treatment and prolong the lifetime through researching the nursing intervention model for AIDS patients. Based on the analysis of the effects of nursing intervention on AIDS patients’ drug compliance and quality of life, this report studies the correlation between drug compliance and quality of life in AIDS patients under effects of nursing intervention, so as to provide theoretical basis for offering reasonable scheme of nursing intervention more comprehensively, assess the effect of treatment and improve the entirely healthy level of AIDS patients. Methods: A total of 240 AIDS patients were selected as subjects randomly, who were randomized into control group and intervention group, with 120 patients in each group. Both control group and intervention group were given routine nursing measures, while intervention group was given reasonable nursing intervention measures according to nursing requirements on the basis of routine nursing. Baseline data of patients, data after 3 months of observation and data after 10 months of observation were collected using self-made Antiviral Drug Compliance Questionnaire and World Health Organization Quality of Life with 100 Questions (WHOQOL-100), followed by rank correlation analysis and regression analysis. Results: After 3 months and 10 months of nursing intervention, there was obvious rank correlation between patients’ drug compliance and quality of life in the intervention group. After 10 months of nursing intervention, the effects of drug compliance showed obvious gradual enhancement. As for domains of quality of life, after 3 months of nursing intervention, the rank correlation between drug compliance and physiology domain, independence domain and social relation domain became significant; after 10 months of nursing intervention, the rank correlation became more significant, and the rank correlation between drug compliance and psychology domain and environment domain also became significant. Conclusion: Drug compliance has direct influence on the therapeutic effects of patients, and the quality of life can improve the therapeutic effects of patients through influencing patients’ drug compliance. With the continuation of intervention measures, the effects of intervention show gradual enhancement. Keywords: AIDS; correlation; nursing intervention; treatment compliance; quality of lif

An increase in early cancer detection rates at a single cancer center: Experiences from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center

Cancer has become a major fatal disease in China. The relatively lower early detection rates for multiple cancer types have been one of the main reasons for a relatively lower cancer curative rate in China compared with the developed countries. To investigate trends in the early cancer detection rate over the past 5 years in a major city of China, 45,260 patients with newly diagnosed cancers of the nasopharynx, lung, thyroid, colorectum, liver, breast, uteral cervix, stomach, esophagus, blood, and kidney from 2016 to 2020 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were evaluated. The early detection rate (stage I disease) for all cancer types in combination significantly increased from 14.4 to 23.07%. Among the studied cancer types, a significant increase in stage I cancers was proportionally seen in cancers of the lung, thyroid, colorectum, and uterine cervix. While for cancers of the liver and stomach, a significant proportional increment was only observed when combining stage I and stage II diseases. No significant alteration in early cancer detection of the nasopharynx, breast, esophagus, blood, or kidney was observed. Three limitations of this present study include relatively small cohorts of cancer patients, relatively short observation periods, and limited sample representativeness. Further efforts are anticipated to validate our findings with larger patient cohorts from different parts of China and enhance early cancer detection rates by promoting public awareness, applying better health care policies, and improving insurance coverage and medical resources

FY2014 Annual Report

Abstract Background This population-based study was designed to investigate whether consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) is associated with lower serum total testosterone concentration in men 20–39 years old. Methods All data for this study were retrieved from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2012. The primary outcome was serum testosterone concentration, and main independent variable was SSB intake. Other variables included age, race/ethnicity, poverty/income ratio, body mass index (BMI), serum cotinine, heavy drinking, and physical activity. Results Among all subjects (N = 545), 486 (90.4%) had normal testosterone levels (defined as ≥231 ng/dL) and 59 (9.6%) had low testosterone levels (defined as < 231 ng/dL). Multivariate logistic regression revealed the odds of low testosterone was significantly greater with increasing SSB consumption (Q4 [≥442 kcal/day] vs. Q1 [≤137 kcal/day]), adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.29, p = 0.041]. After adjusting for possible confounding variables, BMI was an independent risk factor for low testosterone level; subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had a higher risk of having a low testosterone level than those with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (aOR = 3.68, p = 0.044). Conclusion SSB consumption is significantly associated with low serum testosterone in men 20–39 years old in the United States

Phylogenetic and Genome Analysis of 17 Novel Senecavirus A Isolates in Guangdong Province, 2017

Senecavirus A (SVA), an emerging RNA virus, is considered to be associated with porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD). From February to September 2017, 17 novel SVA strains were isolated from samples with the vesicular disease from Guangdong Province, China. Full-length genomes and individual genes of the 17 new SVA isolates were genetically and phylogentically analyzed. Results showed that complete genomes, VP1, 3C, and 3D genes of these 17 novel SVA isolates revealed 96.5–99.8%, 95.1–99.9%, 95.6–100%, and 96.9–99.7% nucleotides identities, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of full-length genomes, VP1, 3C, and 3D genes indicated that 17 novel SVA isolates separated to three well-defined groups. Meanwhile, phylogenetic analysis for all available Chinese SVA strains demonstrated that 45 Chinese SVA strains clustered into five distinct groups with no significant relationship between strains from different provinces and/or years, including a newly emerging branch in China. This is the first comprehensive study of phylogenetic analysis for all available Chinese SVA strains, indicating the appearance of a new type of SVA strains and the complicated circulations with at least five different types of SVA strains in pigs in China

Intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab treating noninfectious uveitic macular edema

AIM:To evaluate the effects and safety of intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab on noninfectious uveitic macular edema(UME). METHODS: This was an open and prospective study without control trial. Seventeen eyes from 17 patients with UME diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT)were enrolled in this study. Before the injection, best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study(ETDRS)and central macular thickness(CMT)measured by OCT were examined. All affected eyes were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab 0.05mL(0.5mg). The BCVA, CMT and intraocular pressure(IOP)were compared with baseline at 2, 4, 8 and 12wk after treatment. Related complications were recorded. RESULTS: The median BCVA before treatment was 57(P25 and P75 were 52.5 and 64.5, respectively). The median CMT was 524μm(P25 and P75 were 365.5 and 571, respectively). At 2, 4, 8, and 12wk after injection, the median BCVA of the affected eyes was 76(P25 and P75 were 71 and 80, respectively), 81(P25 and P75 were 78.5 and 83, respectively), 82(P25 and P75 were 68.5 and 84, respectively), and 82(P25 and P75 are 78.5 and 83, respectively). The Friedman M test showed that there were differences in the BCVA in the four groups at different follow-up times, that was, BCVA after injection was higher than before injection(χ2=47.58, P25 and P75 were 249.5 and 374.5, respectively),231μm(P25 and P75 were 212.5 and 267), 219μm(P25 and P75 were 210.5 and 365.5,respectively), and 217μm(P25 and P75 were 201.5 and 366.5,respectively). The Friedman M test showed that there was difference in the CMT in the four groups at different follow-up times(χ2=40.33, PCONCLUSION: Intravitreal ranibizumab is a safe and effective approach for noninfectious uveitic macular edema in the short term, which can significantly improve visual acuity and reduce CMT in patients refractory to or intolerant of standard corticosteroid/ immunomodulatory therapy

Effective components screening and anti-myocardial infarction mechanism study of the Chinese medicine NSLF6 based on "system to system" mode

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Shuanglong </it>formula (SLF), a Chinese medicine composed of <it>panax ginseng </it>and <it>salvia miltiorrhiza </it>exhibited significant effect in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) in clinical. Because of the complex nature and lack of stringent quality control, it's difficult to explain the action mechanism of SLF.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>In this study, we present a "system to system" (S2S) mode. Based on this mode, SLF was simplified successively through bioactivity-guided screening to achieve an optimized minimal phytochemical composition (new formula NSLF6) while maintaining its curative effect for MI.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Pharmacological test combining with the study of systems biology show that NSLF6 has activity for treatment MI through synergistic therapeutic efficacies between total ginsenosides and total salvianolic acids via promoting cardiac cell regeneration and myocardial angiogenesis, antagonistic myocardial cell oxidative damage.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The present S2S mode may be an effective way for the discovery of new composite drugs from traditional medicines.</p

Gene Expression Profiling in the Thiamethoxam Resistant and Susceptible B-Biotype Sweetpotato Whitefly, \u3cem\u3eBemisia tabaci\u3c/em\u3e

Thiamethoxam has been used as a major insecticide to control the B-biotype sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Due to its excessive use, a high level of resistance to thiamethoxam has developed worldwide over the past several years. To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance in B. tabaci, gene profiles between the thiamethoxam-resistant and thiamethoxam-susceptible strains were investigated using the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library approach. A total of 72 and 52 upand down-regulated genes were obtained from the forward and reverse SSH libraries, respectively. These expressed sequence tags (ESTs) belong to several functional categories based on their gene ontology annotation. Some categories such as cell communication, response to abiotic stimulus, lipid particle, and nuclear envelope were identified only in the forward library of thiamethoxam-resistant strains. In contrast, categories such as behavior, cell proliferation, nutrient reservoir activity, sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity, and signal transducer activity were identified solely in the reverse library. To study the validity of the SSH method, 16 differentially expressed genes from both forward and reverse SSH libraries were selected randomly for further analyses using quantitative realtime PCR (qRT-PCR). The qRT-PCR results were fairly consistent with the SSH results; however, only 50% of the genes showed significantly different expression profiles between the thiamethoxam-resistant and thiamethoxam-susceptible whiteflies. Among these genes, a putative NAD-dependent methanol dehydrogenase was substantially over-expressed in the thiamethoxamresistant adults compared to their susceptible counterparts. The distributed profiles show that it was highly expressed during the egg stage, and was most abundant in the abdomen of adult females

Quantitative study of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and peripapillary vessel density in patients with different stages of Parkinson’s disease

AIM: To observe the changes in the thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and peripapillary vessel density (pVD) in patients with different stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: Totally 47 patients (47 eyes) with primary PD were divided into the mild group and the moderate-to-severe group according to Hoehn &#x0026; Yahr (H&#x0026;Y) stage. Among them, there were 27 cases (27 eyes) in mild group and 20 cases (20 eyes) in moderate-to-severe group. And 20 cases (20 eyes) who were included in the control group were healthy people who came to our hospital for health screening at the same time. All participants underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) examinations. The pRNFL thickness, total vessel density (tVD) and capillary vessel density (cVD) of the optic disc in average, superior half, inferior half, superior nasal (SN), nasal superior (NS), nasal inferior (NI), inferior nasal (IN), inferior temporal (IT), temporal inferior (TI), temporal superior (TS), and superior temporal (ST) were measured. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences of optic disc parameters among the three groups, and Pearson and Spearman correlations were used to analyze the correlation between pRNFL, pVD and the disease duration, H&#x0026;Y stage and UPDRS-III score in patients with PD, respectively. RESULTS: There were significant differences in pRNFL thickness in average, superior half, inferior half, SN, NS, IN, IT and ST quadrants among the three groups (P&#x003C;0.05). In PD group, the pRNFL thickness in average, superior half, inferior half, NS and IT quadrants were negatively correlated with H&#x0026;Y stage and UPDRS-III score, respectively (P&#x003C;0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the cVD of whole image, inferior half, NI and TS quadrants, the tVD of the whole image, inferior half, and peripapillary among the three groups (P&#x003C;0.05). In PD group, the tVD of whole image and the cVD of NI and TS quadrants were negatively correlated with the H&#x0026;Y stage, respectively (P&#x003C;0.05); the cVD of TS quadrant was negatively correlated with UPDRS-III score (P&#x003C;0.05). CONCLUSION: The thickness of pRNFL in PD patients is significantly decreased, and it is negatively correlated with H&#x0026;Y stage and UPDRS-III score. With the increase of the severity of the disease, the pVD parameters in PD patients increase at first in the mild group, and then decrease in the moderate-to-severe group, and negatively correlate with H&#x0026;Y stage and UPDRS-III score