Antibacterial Activity and Physical Properties of Fish Gelatin-Chitosan Edible Films Supplemented with D-Limonene

Fish gelatin-chitosan edible films with D-limonene were successfully prepared, which exhibited exceptional mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity. It has been demonstrated that water-soluble chitosan, fish gelatin, and D-limonene could be a candidate precursor to prepare low cost and high-performance edible food packaging material. The results showed that D-limonene in the films could effectively resist the penetration of light and water because of its hydrophobicity. Moreover, the elongation at break (EAB) increased with the addition of D-limonene, which indicated that D-limonene served as a strong plasticizer for the film. Microscopic characterization showed that D-limonene was uniformly distributed in the as-prepared film. And we found that the film exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli). All the results indicate that the as-prepared film could be a promising food packaging

A radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion risk in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

PURPOSE:We aimed to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:A total of 304 eligible patients with HCC were randomly divided into training (n=184) and independent validation (n=120) cohorts. Portal venous and arterial phase computed tomography data of the HCCs were collected to extract radiomic features. Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm, the training set was processed to reduce data dimensions, feature selection, and construction of a radiomics signature. Then, a prediction model including the radiomics signature, radiologic features, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, as presented in a radiomics nomogram, was developed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The radiomics nomogram was analyzed based on its discrimination ability, calibration, and clinical usefulness. Internal cohort data were validated using the radiomics nomogram.RESULTS:The radiomics signature was significantly associated with MVI status (P < 0.001, both cohorts). Predictors, including the radiomics signature, nonsmooth tumor margin, hypoattenuating halos, internal arteries, and alpha-fetoprotein level were reserved in the individualized prediction nomogram. The model exhibited good calibration and discrimination in the training and validation cohorts (C-index [95% confidence interval]: 0.846 [0.787–0.905] and 0.844 [0.774–0.915], respectively). Its clinical usefulness was confirmed using a decision curve analysis.CONCLUSION:The radiomics nomogram, as a noninvasive preoperative prediction method, shows a favorable predictive accuracy for MVI status in patients with HBV-related HCC

Abstract Theoretical

Computer Science A g log 3-competitive algorithm for the counterfeit coin proble

Investigation on energy dissipation mechanism in a double-suction centrifugal pump based on Rortex and enstrophy

Since double-suction centrifugal pumps consume quantities of energy, revealing critical factors for energy dissipation is helpful for energy-saving design. This study aims to investigate the relationship between energy dissipation and vortex based on Rortex method in a double-suction centrifugal pump. Detached eddy simulation was applied to obtain the flow field. Enstrophy was used to present the strength of the local rigid vortex and shear. The results indicate that the local shear dominates energy dissipation in the pump. Owing to jet flows, the energy loss on blade leading edges (LE) and trailing edges (TE) were 102-103 times that of the middle region at 0.4Qd and ten times at 1.4Qd. The energy dissipation on pressure sides (PS) was ten times greater than that on suction sides (SS) at the TE, while flow separation at the middle of SS caused by wake flow increased energy dissipation to nearly ten times that of PS. Jet-wake flow near volute inlet was the dominant factor for energy dissipation at part-load, while separation flows in volute discharge was more significant at overload. The induced high local shear strength was responsible for energy dissipation. Therefore, reducing local shear is a potential energy-saving approach in pumps

Hysteresis of Shock Train Movement in the Isolator with a Ramp

Inside the dual-mode scramjet engine, the shock train will move to a new location when the backpressure changes. Few works focus on the response of the shock train position to the backpressure cyclic variation. This work aims to investigate the behavior of the shock train under such backpressure conditions. Experiments were carried out in a Mach 3 direct-connect facility. The isolator is equipped with a ramp that is used to improve the isolator performance. The static pressures along the wall centerlines were measured. The schlieren imaging was used to provide flow visualization. The results show that a significant hysteresis occurs in the shock train position during the backpressure cyclic variation process. It is found that a large-scale subsonic wake flow region forms behind the rampwhen the shock train reaches the ramp trailing edge. The capability of the ramp to retain the existence of the wake flow determines the occurrence of the hysteresis. The effects of the ramp height and width on the hysteresis were examined. Based on the experimental data, the oscillation characteristics were discussed by using wavelet analysis and cross-spectrum analysis. The coupled oscillation between the shock train oscillation and the backpressure oscillation was observed

Summary Study on Temperature Calculation Method for Water Accumulation in Permafrost Regions

With permafrost degeneration caused by climate change, water accumulation has increased in permafrost regions during recent decades. Water accumulation will deteriorate the existing status of engineering in cold regions. Water accumulation can have a thermal effect on permafrost during its formation, even resulting in failure of the subgrade. Moreover, the thermal effect is related to water temperature. However, temperature variation of water accumulation is complex, and its influencing factors include air temperature, environment, scope of water accumulation and so on. In order to conduct analysis of the damage mechanism of water accumulation on permafrost, it is necessary to explore the internal temperature change of water accumulation. This paper proposes a review of temperature calculation method for water accumulation in cold environment. The thermal calculation method for the space between the air and the water boundary of water accumulation is summarized. Water temperature change of water accumulation of various types is analyzed. The thermal calculation considering phase transformation in water accumulation is discussed, and heat transfer from the bottom of the water accumulation to the underlying soil is further studied. Finally, the key factors that are advantageous for conducting research about the thermal effect of water accumulation in permafrost are proposed to optimize the calculation method

A low-dosage chemicals, short process alternative approach to reactive dyeing of golden cocoon-like silk fibers with robust color fastness

Golden cocoon silk fibers suffer a lot from limited yield and serious color losing, which greatly restrict their uses. The development of golden cocoon-like silk fibers can effectively address the above issues. Herein, a low-dosage chemicals, short process alternative approach to reactive dyeing of golden cocoon-like silk fibers with robust color fastness was proposed. Investigation involves the pretreatment of the above silk via one-bath method followed by reactive dyeing. The results indicate that the color of as-prepared golden cocoon-like silk fiber is comparable with the commercial golden cocoon one. The short-process dyeing and robust color fastness with reactive dyes of silk fiber can be realized via the introduction of alkali. Importantly, no obvious color degradation following cyclic washing was observed, with the value of color difference within 2.0. Additionally, the tensile behavior of reactive dyed golden cocoon-like silk fiber was not significantly decreased as compared with the raw fiber