Wettability of amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe78B13Si9 substrates by molten Sn and Bi

The wettability of amorphous and annealing-induced nanocrystalline Fe78B13Si9 ribbons by molten Sn and Bi at 600 K was measured using an improved sessile drop method. The results demonstrate that the structural relaxation and crystallization in the amorphous substrates do not substantially change the wettability with molten Bi because of their invariable physical interaction, but remarkably deteriorate the wettability and interfacial bonding with molten Sn as a result of changing a chemical interaction to a physical one for the atoms at the interface

Consequences of America’s Health Insurance System & Poverty on Child and Teen Deaths

Access to health care and wealth inequality continue to be central topics in American politics. This research aims to examine the true cost of these concerns by analyzing their effect on a severe societal issue: children and teen deaths

How to Balance the Trade-off between Economic Development and Climate Change?

Climate change is not only an environmental issue but also a development problem. Maintaining rapid economic development while simultaneously mitigating climate change is a pivotal and challenging task. Previous studies mainly focused on testing the validity of the environmental Kuznets hypothesis but ignored the internal influencing mechanism. This paper extends the past work in three aspects. First, we theoretically discuss the interaction of the scale, structure and technology effects of economic development and their impact on carbon emissions based on a classic model and the general equilibrium theory. Second, the relationship between carbon emissions and these three effects are examined by considering the quadratic term, and the interactive mechanism among them is evaluated by applying multiple mediating analysis. Due to the important role of the technology effect, we further divide it into different sources to reveal its impact on carbon emissions and discuss the rebound effect. Finally, the policy effect is considered, and the results demonstrate that the implementation of effective environmental regulations can mitigate the adverse impact of economic development on carbon emissions. Our research is an initial attempt to thoroughly explore the pathways to balance the trade-off between development and environment from the perspective of internal influencing mechanisms. The empirical results can serve as an important reference for making policies about energy conservation and emission reduction

To Facilitate or Curb? The Role of Financial Development in China’s Carbon Emissions Reduction Process: A Novel Approach

With the Paris Agreement coming into effect, China, as the largest CO2 emitter in the world, will be facing greater pressure to reduce its carbon emissions. This paper discusses how to solve this issue from the perspective of financial development in China. Although many studies have analyzed its impact on carbon emissions, the conclusions are contradictory. A major criticism of the existing studies is the reasonability of the selection of appropriate indicators and panel estimation techniques. Almost all studies use only one or limited indicators to represent the financial development and ignore the cross-sectional dependence. To fulfil the gaps mentioned above, a financial development index system is built, and with the framework of the STIRPAT (Stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology) model, this paper applies an ARDL approach to investigating the long-run relationship between financial development and carbon emissions and a dynamic panel error-corrected model to capture the short-run impact. The empirical results show that financial development can improve carbon emissions, and such impact not only shows a regional difference but also reflects the features of stage differences. Additionally, based on the discussion on seven specific aspects of financial development, our findings can be helpful for policy makers to enact corresponding policies to realize the goal of reducing carbon emissions in China

Effect of Ceramic Content on the Compression Properties of TiB2-Ti2AlC/TiAl Composites

In situ synthesized TiB2-reinforced TiAl composites usually possess high strength. However, it is very expensive to use B powder to synthesize TiB2 particles. Moreover, the strength enhancement of TiB2/TiAl composite is generally at the cost of plasticity. In this study, in situ dual reinforcement TiB2-Ti2AlC/TiAl composites were fabricated by using B4C powder as the B and C source, which greatly reduces the potential production cost. The 6 vol. % TiB2-Ti2AlC/TiAl composite fabricated by using the Ti-Al-B4C system shows greatly improved compressive properties, i.e., 316 MPa and 234 MPa higher than those of TiAl alloy and with no sacrifice in plasticity

Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of nano-TiC<it>_x</it>particles with different shapes by using carbon nano-tube as C source

<p>Abstract</p> <p>With using the carbon nano-tube (CNT) of high chemical activity, nano-TiC<it>_x</it>particles with different growth shapes were synthesized through the self-propagating high temperature in the 80 wt.% metal (Cu, Al, and Fe)-Ti-CNT systems. The growth shapes of the TiC<it>_x</it>particles are mainly octahedron in the Cu- and Al-Ti-CNT systems, while mainly cube- and sphere-like in the Fe-Ti-CNT system.</p

Wettability of amorphous and nanocrystalline Fe₇₈B₁₃Si₉substrates by molten Sn and Bi

Abstract The wettability of amorphous and annealing-induced nanocrystalline Fe78B13Si9 ribbons by molten Sn and Bi at 600 K was measured using an improved sessile drop method. The results demonstrate that the structural relaxation and crystallization in the amorphous substrates do not substantially change the wettability with molten Bi because of their invariable physical interaction, but remarkably deteriorate the wettability and interfacial bonding with molten Sn as a result of changing a chemical interaction to a physical one for the atoms at the interface.</p

Effects of Cr and Mo elements on the microstructures and compressive properties of the in situ (TiCxNy–TiB2)/Ni cermets

In-situ (TiCxNy–TiB2)/Ni cermets with 70 wt% TiCxNy–TiB2 were successfully fabricated by combustion synthesis and hot pressing sintering in Ni-Ti-B4C-BN powder systems. The microstructures, density, compressive properties, and hardness of the TiCxNy–TiB2/Ni cermets with the addition of 0–8 wt% Cr/Mo to the Ni-Ti-B4C-BN powder systems were compared and analysed. The results showed that the ceramic particles distributed uniformly in the cermets, and the size of the ceramic particles reduced with the Cr/Mo addition. Both Cr and Mo addition can improve the hardness, compressive properties, and fracture strains of the cermets. The hardness, compressive strength, and fracture strain of the (TiCxNy–TiB2)/(Ni+Cr) cermets increased from 1561 HV, 2.94 GPa, and 2.9% to 1864 HV, 3.65 GPa, and 3.4%, respectively when the Cr content increased to 5 wt%. The hardness and compressive strength of the (TiCxNy–TiB2)/(Ni+Mo) cermets increased from 1561 HV and 2.94 GPa to 1902 HV and 3.43 GPa, respectively when the Mo content increased to 8 wt%. The cermets with Cr had better compressive properties than the cermets with Mo. Keywords: (TiCxNy–TiB2)/Ni cermets, Cr/Mo content, Microstructure, Compressive propertie