203 research outputs found
Probing triple-Higgs productions via decay channel at a 100 TeV hadron collider
The quartic self-coupling of the Standard Model Higgs boson can only be
measured by observing the triple-Higgs production process, but it is
challenging for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Run 2 or International Linear
Collider (ILC) at a few TeV because of its extremely small production rate. In
this paper, we present a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study of the
triple-Higgs production through gluon fusion at a 100 TeV hadron collider and
explore the feasibility of observing this production mode. We focus on the
decay channel , investigating
detector effects and optimizing the kinematic cuts to discriminate the signal
from the backgrounds. Our study shows that, in order to observe the Standard
Model triple-Higgs signal, the integrated luminosity of a 100 TeV hadron
collider should be greater than ab. We also explore the
dependence of the cross section upon the trilinear () and quartic
() self-couplings of the Higgs. We find that, through a search in
the triple-Higgs production, the parameters and can be
restricted to the ranges and , respectively. We also
examine how new physics can change the production rate of triple-Higgs events.
For example, in the singlet extension of the Standard Model, we find that the
triple-Higgs production rate can be increased by a factor of .Comment: 33 pages, 11 figures, added references, corrected typos, improved
text, affiliation is changed. This is the publication versio
Prospects of gravitational waves in the minimal left-right symmetric model
The left-right symmetric model (LRSM) is a well-motivated framework to
restore parity and implement seesaw mechanisms for the tiny neutrino masses at
or above the TeV-scale, and has a very rich phenomenology at both the
high-energy and high-precision frontiers. In this paper we examine the phase
transition and resultant gravitational waves (GWs) in the minimal version of
LRSM. Taking into account all the theoretical and experimental constraints on
LRSM, we identify the parameter regions with strong first-order phase
transition and detectable GWs in the future experiments. It turns out in a
sizeable region of the parameter space, GWs can be generated in the phase
transition with the strength of to at the frequency of
0.1 to 10 Hz, which can be detected by BBO and DECIGO. Furthermore, GWs in the
LRSM favor a relatively light -breaking scalar , which is
largely complementary to the direct searches of a long-lived neutral scalar at
the high-energy colliders. It is found that the other heavy scalars and the
right-handed neutrinos in the LRSM also play an important part for GW signal
production in the phase transition.Comment: 41 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables, added references, improved tex
Constraining rare B decays by at future lepton colliders
Motivated by the recent rare B decays measurements, we study the matching
procedure of operators in the low energy effective Hamiltonian
and operators in the Standard Model effective theory (SMEFT). It is noticed
that there are more related operators in the SMEFT whose coefficients can not
be determined only from the low-energy data from B physics. We demonstrate how
to determine these coefficients with some new physics models, like
model and leptoquark models, and then consider how to probe these operators of
SMEFT at high energy by using the process at future muon
colliders, which can provide complementary information except for on the underlying models which lead to rare B decay processes. We
perform a Monte Carlo study (a hadron level analysis) to show how to separate
the signal events from the SM background events and estimate the sensitivity to
the Wilson coefficients for different models.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, added references, publication versio
Gravitational waves from axion wave production
We consider a scenario with axions/axion-like particles Chern-Simons gravity
coupling, such that gravitational waves can be produced directly from axion
wave tachyonic instability in the early universe after inflation. This axion
gravity term is less constrained compared to the well-searched axion photon
coupling and can provide a direct and efficient production channel for
gravitational waves. Such stochastic gravitational waves can be detected by
either space/ground-based gravitational wave detectors or pulsar timing arrays
for a broad range of axion masses and decay constants.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
Joint analysis of multiple biomarkers for identifying type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older Chinese: a cross-sectional study
Spatial and Modal Optimal Transport for Fast Cross-Modal MRI Reconstruction
Multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in
comprehensive disease diagnosis in clinical medicine. However, acquiring
certain modalities, such as T2-weighted images (T2WIs), is time-consuming and
prone to be with motion artifacts. It negatively impacts subsequent multi-modal
image analysis. To address this issue, we propose an end-to-end deep learning
framework that utilizes T1-weighted images (T1WIs) as auxiliary modalities to
expedite T2WIs' acquisitions. While image pre-processing is capable of
mitigating misalignment, improper parameter selection leads to adverse
pre-processing effects, requiring iterative experimentation and adjustment. To
overcome this shortage, we employ Optimal Transport (OT) to synthesize T2WIs by
aligning T1WIs and performing cross-modal synthesis, effectively mitigating
spatial misalignment effects. Furthermore, we adopt an alternating iteration
framework between the reconstruction task and the cross-modal synthesis task to
optimize the final results. Then, we prove that the reconstructed T2WIs and the
synthetic T2WIs become closer on the T2 image manifold with iterations
increasing, and further illustrate that the improved reconstruction result
enhances the synthesis process, whereas the enhanced synthesis result improves
the reconstruction process. Finally, experimental results from FastMRI and
internal datasets confirm the effectiveness of our method, demonstrating
significant improvements in image reconstruction quality even at low sampling
rates
How to Face COVID-19 in Ophthalmology Practice
Background: The novel coronavirus pneumonia has attracted considerable attention from the international community. With the spread of outbreaks around the world, the WHO characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic.
Methods: Relevant studies in PubMed were searched from January 1, 2020 to April 12, 2020, using the following search strategy: (“novel coronavirus pneumonia†OR “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2†OR “coronavirus disease 2019†OR “COVID-19†OR “novel coronavirus pneumoniaâ€) AND (“ophthalmology†OR “ophthalmologist†OR “eye†OR “conjunctiva†OR “conjunctivitis†OR “corneal†OR “keratitisâ€).
Results: SARS-CoV-2 can spread through aerosol and is detected in tears of patients with COVID-19 infection. Notably, some infected patients had conjunctivitis, and conjunctivitis was the first symptom in some patients later diagnosed to have COVID-19 infection. This would increase the risk for ophthalmologists through inpatient consultations or regular clinical practice. When dealing with seemingly regular ophthalmic patients, the vigilance of ophthalmologists and associated staff tends to be reduced.
Conclusion: Ophthalmologists must continuously update their knowledge regarding COVID-19 and take effective measures to prevent COVID-19 transmission
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