Investigation of the impact of tangenical shape of the axial compressor gas-dynamic stability stock and efficiency of stage

In this paper, a study is presented of the shape of the first stage of the axial compressor in the circumferential direction by varying the variables of the Bézier curve of the second order, which forms the midline of the shape. The design is related to the optimization of the profile of the blade of the fan together with the CFD analysis. The analysis of the results showed the expediency of applying the bulk to optimize the flowing of flow, increasing the efficiency and the margin of the gas-dynamic stability of the step.В данной работе представлено исследование формы навала лопаток первой ступени осевого компрессора в окружном направлении за счет варьирования переменных кривой Безье второго порядка, которая образует форму средней линии. Проектирование связано с оптимизацией профиля пера лопатки совместно с CFD анализом. Анализ результатов показал целесообразность применения навала для оптимизации течения потока, повышения эффективности и запаса газодинамической устойчивости ступени

The specificity of production and processing of agricultural raw materials in the radioactively contaminated territory (by the example of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident)

The article presents data on the specifics of production and processing of agricultural raw materials in a radioactively contaminated area. It is shown that in the remote period of development of the radio ecological situation after the Chernobyl accident, the total radiation dose of the population (95%) is still formed due to the consumption of crops in polluted territories. For this reason, in addition to economic feasibility, the technical specification for the production and processing of agricultural raw materials should clearly define environmental aspects, which include reducing the individual effective dose of radiation to the population by ensuring guaranteed radio ecological safety of agricultural products and raw materials, and collective - by reducing the consumption of radionuclide from the cro

Role of immunological disorders, endothelial dysfunction and hemostatic disorders in the genesis of arterial hypertension in the metabolic syndrome

Mortality from diseases of the circulatory system is a challenge for the modern health care. Arterial hypertension (AH) mostly contributes to development of cardiovascular complications. It often proceeds against the background of metabolic disorders. Pathogenesis of hypertension is currently being considered a multifactorial disease. Pathogenesis of hypertension certainly has distinct features in presence of metabolic disorders,. Therefore, it is relevant to summarize current literature on the role of immunological disorders, endothelial dysfunction and hemostatic disorders in AH genesis during metabolic syndrome (MS). Most authors agree with existence of several mechanisms that determine relationships between AH and insulin resistance. Development of hypertension in MS patients with is a consequence of immunometabolic processes. Abdominal obesity is an important component of MS. It is associated with chronic inflammation of visceral adipose tissue, its excessive infiltration by immune cells, and increased production of adipokines and cytokines (TNFα, IL-6) with hypertension. AH is associated with a significant increase in T cells, that mediate endothelial dysfunction (ED) and provide a link between hypertension and subsequent atherosclerosis. T lymphocytes trigger a cascade of reactions. IL-17 is the end product of these events It is involved not only in increasing blood pressure, but also contributes to the development of vascular wall stiffness in АН patients. Thus, the relationship between several types of immune cells leads to inflammatory reactions, including those of vascular wall, initiating endothelial dysfunction. Chronic non-specific inflammation in MS, supported by the cytokine system, is a triggering mechanism for ED progression. Excessive production of endothelin-1 and inhibition of nitric oxide production are the classic markers of ED. Immune damage leads to imbalance in the production of vasoconstrictor and vasodilating substances, proliferative and antiproliferative factors in endothelium. It was shown that ED is an integral aspect of the insulin resistance syndrome in pathogenesis of arterial hypertension associated with metabolic disorders, and contributes to its worsening, increased vascular reactivity and further AH development. According to modern studies, it has been shown that excessive synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines introduces disturbances in the system of vascular hemostasis. When studying the effects of metabolic disorders upon hemostatic system, we may conclude that activation of fibrinolytic and plasma chains occurs in the same way for both men and women, with small gender characteristics of individual components. The rheological properties of the blood are also changed with developing MS. Systematization of the available literature data on the issue under study can serve as a basis for determining prognostic criteria of hypertension progression and risk of thrombotic complications

Relationship between immunological alterations, hypoxia and inflammation in arterial hypertension combined with metabolic syndrome

Our study was aimed at assessing a relationship between immune system alterations, hypoxia and inflammation in arterial hypertension (AH) coupled to metabolic disturbances. A total of 117 patients were enrolled into clinical study, having been randomized into groups in accordance with study protocol, aged 30 to 62 years. They sought care in outpatient setting or underwent periodic health examination at the Republican Clinical Hospital №5, Saransk, Mordovia, Russia. A control group contained 25 apparently healthy subjects lacking signs of metabolic syndrome (MS) and elevated arterial pressure. A comparison group contained 47 patients with AH grade I-II featured with damaged target organs, but lacking associated relevant clinical manifestations, as based on the assay data. The main group contained 45 patients receiving antihypertensive therapy with overt AH grade I-II verified upon medical consultation coupled to damaged target organs and MS signs with its randomly combined components, but lacking associated clinical manifestations. The patients from main and comparison groups received antihypertensive therapy in accordance with approved guidelines and clinical recommendations for management of AH patients consisting of one of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers, diuretic and/or dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Cytokine profile, level of hypoxia and non-specific inflammation were measured in blood serum. The data obtained demonstrated that AH patients with/without metabolic syndrome were noted to display cytokine profile shifted towards elevated proand anti-inflammatory immune arm pointing at imbalanced immune regulation. Hypoxic changes were also found in blood serum that was confirmed by elevated level of lactic and pyruvic acid in these groups. Moreover, development of such pathology was coupled to hypoxia which served as a modulator of immune-related and non-specific inflammation. Rise of non-specific low-grade inflammation correlates developing irreversible AH-associated changes in organs, progression of atherosclerosis and accelerated cardio-metabolic continuum. Altogether, such alterations underlie pathogenetic mechanisms of tissue damage emerging upon AH and MS being mutually aggravating factor along with activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Research of Influence of Border Conditions and Models of Turbulence on Structure of Flow and Harmonization Matching of Stages in AC GTK-10-4

The purpose of this computational study was to study the physics of the process of flow and the formation of breakdown zones of a working fluid in an AC during CFD calculations. And also the analysis of the influence of boundary conditions, models of turbulence and the rotating root part in the directing apparatus (HA) on the flow structure and the coordination of the steps in the AC.Целью данного расчетного исследования являлось изучение физики процесса течения и образования срывных зон рабочего тела в ОК при CFD-расчете. А также анализ влияния граничных условий, моделей турбулентности и вращающейся корневой части в направляющем аппарате (НА) на структуру потока и согласование работы ступеней в ОК

Additional Education for Children with Special Needs and Disabilities in the Russian Federation: National Monitoring Concept

The development of inclusive education progresses at different speeds across the world. In the Russian Federation inclusive education is developing primarily at the school level but one of the most crucial aspects of socialization is additional education, and in this regard the needs of children with special needs and disabilities remain an outstanding issue. A concept of the national monitoring of additional education for children with special needs and disabilities is proposed. The article presents the project of the toolkit for the national monitoring of entities engaged in additional educational activities for children with special needs and disabilities, which includes eight blocks: organizational structure of entities engaged in implementing additional educational programs for children in each constituent territory of the Russian Federation; implementation of additional educational programs for children with special needs and disabilities in entities with various subordination and organizational structures; material and technical support; staffing and professional training for specialists engaged in implementing additional educational programs for children with special needs and disabilities; information on ongoing additional educational programs for children with special needs and disabilities; typical obstacles which arise in the course of activities organized by entities engaged in implementing additional educational programs for children with special needs and disabilities; information resources and the system of inter-agency interaction in the course of the implementation of additional educational programs for children, including those with special needs and disabilities; financing of entities engaged in implementing additional educational programs for children. The presence/absence of a regional centre of additional education for children is going to be identified, as well as its official name, and the number of subordinate entities which implement additional educational programs in the corresponding Russian region in various areas: arts, sports, science, sociology and pedagogy, technical sciences, tourism and local history, intellectual games. The article could be of assistance for experts who study inclusion problems

Comparison of Experimental Data with the Results of Numerical Simulation of the Flow to the Stage of the Axial Compressor Received with Using k-e and SST Models of Turbulence

The numerical simulation of the flow in the Stage D compressor stage was verified as a result of an experimental study. For verification, the most widespread turbulence models, k-ε and SST, are used in engineering practice. Comparison of the data is performed both by integral characteristics and by the distribution of the total pressure, angles, axial velocity along the step height. As a result of the comparison, it is established that the integral flow parameters and πk have a high accuracy of coincidence with experiment. When comparing the height parameters, the greatest discrepancy is observed in the end regions.Проведена верификация численного моделирования течения в осевой компрессорной ступени Stage D по результатам экспериментального исследования. Для верификации использованы наиболее распространенные в инженерной практике модели турбулентности k-ε и SST. Сравнение данных выполнено как по интегральным характеристикам, так и по распределению полного давления, углов, осевой скорости по высоте ступени. В результате сравнения установлено, что интегральные параметры расхода и πк имеют высокую точность совпадения с экспериментом. При сравнении параметров по высоте наибольшее расхождение наблюдается в торцевых областях

Organization of assistance to the population in case of road accidents

The article examines the statistics of road accidents, examines in detail the problems and ways to improve the organization of medical care to the population.В статье рассмотрена статистика дорожно – транспортных происшествий, подробно изучены проблемы и способы усовершенствования организации оказания медицинской помощи населени

СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ЭПИЗООТИЧЕСКАЯ СИТУАЦИЯ И ПРОГНОЗ ПО ОСНОВНЫМ ГЕЛЬМИНТОЗАМ ЖИВОТНЫХ В РОССИИ НА 2015 ГОД

The epizootic situation on main animal helminthosis which we have observed in Russian Federation in the period from 1990 to 2014 allows us to come to the conclusion that the development of epizootic process is affected by ecological components such as: conditions of pastures and water reservoirs, weather and climate especially in current pasture season; therefore it is necessary to conduct the antiparasitic treatment. Наблюдения с 1990 по 2014 года за эпизоотической ситуацией в Российской Федерации по основным гельминтозам у животных позволяют сделать заключение, что на течение эпизоотического процесса при гельминтозах влияют экологические компоненты внешней среды: состояние пастбищ и водоемов, погодные и климатические условия, особенно в текущем пастбищном сезоне, что вызывает необходимость проведения противопаразитарных обработок