Systematic Review: Prevalensi dan Dampak Infeksi Malaria pada Wanita Hamil dan Neonatal

Globally, malaria cases in the world reached 241 million cases in 2020 and increase from the previous year. Malaria infection in pregnant women was reported in 33 countries, and the cases were estimated at 11.6 million (34%). Malaria infection can increase maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, including anemia in pregnancy, low birth weight, premature birth, stillbirth, and small gestation age, and congenital malaria. This article discusses pregnant women's malaria infection prevalence and maternal and neonatal outcomes. This paper is a systematic review by searching for articles using electronic databases from Pubmed and ScienceDirect using keywords “Malaria” and “Pregnancy” or “Pregnant Women” and “Outcome” or “Impact” and “Maternal” or “Neonatal”. The selection of articles used the PRISMA guidelines which were then analyzed in a narrative manner. Based on the article search results obtained 10 articles that meet the criteria for analysis. The prevalence of malaria infection in pregnancy is still high. Reported outcomes in pregnancy, birth, and neonates include preterm birth, low birth weight, small gestation age, maternal anemia, and maternal and neonatal mortality. The role of health workers is very important to prevent malaria infection in pregnancy so that it does not result in adverse health impacts for maternal and neonatal

THE INFLUENCE OF TEAM COHESION AND TRUST ON TEAM EFFECTIVENESS IN PREVENTING TUBERCULOSIS

Background: The transmission of tuberculosis (TB) is hard to stop. Surabaya city has the highest TB cases in East Java and only achieved <90% of the target in 2017-2018. The formation of preventing TB team in every primary health care (PHC) is expected to work effectively in preventing TB cases in society. Aims: This study aimed to analyze the impact of cohesion and trust within a team on team effectiveness in preventing TB cases in Surabaya. Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in 43 primary healthcare centers (PHC), and it involved 319 respondents selected by proportional stratified random sampling. The data were collected through questionnaires and tested descriptively and through multivariable linear regression to confirm the most significant models of independent variables and dependent variables. Results: The result showed that task cohesion of the cohesion variable (RR= 0.374; p= 0.014) and cooperative behaviors of the trust variable (RR= 0.558; p= 0.000) had a significant influence on team effectiveness. The others dimension of team cohesion and trust had no significant impact on team effectiveness   Conclusion: Team effectiveness is dependent on team cohesion and trust that the teamwork process component. The Surabaya City Health Office needs to collaborate with the PHC management to evaluate the teamwork of the preventing TB team through in-depth interviews or other methods to get the problem in the team

Suboptimal child healthcare practices and the development of multiple infectious diseases in children aged 24–59 months

BackgroundInfections continue to be a major cause of death among children under the age of five worldwide. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the development of multiple infectious diseases in children aged 24–59 months in Indonesia.MethodsData from the 2018 Basic Health Research conducted by the Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, were used. Information from 39,948 children aged 24–59 months was analyzed. The outcome variable was the development of multiple infectious diseases, that is, acute respiratory infections, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, diarrhea, and hepatitis, in the month before the survey. Factors significantly associated with multiple types of infectious diseases were examined using logistic regression.ResultsThe study found that 76.6% of children aged 24 to 59 months in Indonesia had at least one type of infectious disease. The likelihood of developing multiple types of infectious diseases increased in children whose parents did not practice appropriate handwashing with soap and running water [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.16, p &lt; 0.001], those who received supplemental food (aOR = 1.38, p &lt; 0.001), those with poor nutritional status (aOR = 1.12, p &lt; 0.001), and those living in urban areas (aOR = 1.07, p = 0.045).ConclusionImproving caregivers’ awareness of adequate child healthcare practices, in addition to nutrition-sensitive and specific interventions to improve children’s nutritional status, is required to prevent children from contracting multiple types of infectious diseases