Finding a suitable fit function used to determine the Physical width of the Flux tube with Dynamical fermions

We have determined the width of the flux tube for several temperatures and distances using four different fit functions in order to determine the appropriate function that fits the data of the middle transverse distribution of flux tube with the dynamical fermions. Our results have revealed that only one fitting function cannot determine the width of the flux tube at the given temperatures and distances. We conclude that appropriate fit functions are a four coefficient function where R < 0.8 fm and where Gaussian function is R > 0.8 fm

Profiles, potential and string tension of the flux tube in SU(2) and SU(3) lattice gauge theories

In this work, we have studied SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories explaining the colour interaction of a quark and an antiquark, and their identical and dissimilar properties. Using both gauge theories, we have performed simulations under similar conditions and have studied the differences in the results obtained. We have compared the transverse and longitudinal profiles of the chromoelectric and chromomagnetic components of the field strength,  potential, and temperature-dependent string tension of the flux tube. The potential between the quark and antiquark of the SU(3) theory was larger than that of the SU(2) under all temperatures. The string tension of SU(3) tends to stabilize starting from the critical temperature while that of SU(2) has a gradual decreasing feature

The Shape Analysis at One End of the Flux Tube with Dynamical Quarks

 In the deconfinement phase transition, we have analyzed the shape of the one end of the flux tube computed by HISQ configurations in full QCD with (2+1) flavors. The ratio of the longitudinal and transverse profile of the parallel chrome-electric field strength  revealed that the transverse profile becomes wider than the longitudinal profile when the temperature increases. Also, we found that the comparison, as a function of the distance between two quarks, likely shows melting distances of the flux tube. The melting distances are different for each temperature. They are R = 1.5 fm at T/Tc = 0.97 and R = 1.2 fm at above the critical temperatures T/Tc = 1.00, 1.03, 1.06 and 1.09

Simulations of Radioactive Decays: an Application of Low-Energy Electromagnetic Packages for the Nuclear Medicine

Problems of the radiobiology and the nuclear medicine require clarifying the specifi cs of radionuclides interactions with unhealthy cells. In this work we aimed to simulate emitting particles tracks of radionuclides and their radioactive decays at DNA level inside the cell nucleus. Accordingly, using the Monte Carlo-based track structure simulation technique, we estimated the radial distribution of deposited energy and kinetic energy spectra of electrons produced by primary particles resulting from radioactive decays of diff erent radionuclides within cell nucleus. To address the possibility of DNA damage, we performed the cluster analysis of track structures of emitted particles inside the volumes corresponding to the size of the native double-stranded DNA. For this purpose, G4-RadioactiveDecay and low- energy electromagnetic packages form Geant4 Monte-Carlo toolkit were combined together. Besides, a comparative analysis was performed for various low-energy electromagnetic packages as G4-DNA and G4-Livermor