Contrast substance radiography of the digestive tract in goats

The gastro-intestinal anatomy of the goat is well known (3). Using contrast substance like barium sulfate the examiner is able to identify changes in the gastro-intestinal mucosa, also being able to follow the gastrointestinal passage of the content

Computed Tomography Findings in Spinal Compression in 196 Dogs

Spinal cord lesion can be presented as acute, in cases of trauma such as fractures, hematomas and inflammation, or can progress slowly in some chronic diseases.The aim of the study was to identify the sensitivity and specificity of CT examination in diagnostics of different causes of spinal compression in dogs. In this study, different cases with same nature of progressed signs and no findings on x-ray imaging were presented for investigation. All cases were demonstrated for spinal impact sings according to the neurological examination and were good candidates for CT imaging. The study was conducted on 196 dogs, evaluated through CT examination between 2015 and 2017. All dogs arrived with signs suggesting spinal cord lesion of varying degrees, those sings progressed with time but had no evident of spinal lesion in x-ray imaging. Different diagnostics were made based on the CT scans and the cases were divided based on that.For the dogs in the study, signs of spinal compression were evaluated, being taken in consideration the presence of hypo or hyper attenuating material in the medullary canal, integrity of the spinal canal and the vertebral body, the values of A and H index, location of the spinal lesion and presence of vacuum phenomena.Computed tomography examination of the vertebral column proved to be a valuable tool that completed the neurologic examination and show a high sensitivity (94.48%) and a high specificity (87.88%) in diagnostic of spinal cord compression

The study of grazing behavior in goats

All living beings live their lives according to a scenario imposed by two programs: a hereditary one, due to the genetic code that includes the whole phylogenetic experience of the species from which the organism is part, and a second program stored in the brain that represents the amount of knowledge accumulated by the individual after confrontation with its environment. Behavior therefore has a dual causality: exogenous and endogenous, to the extent that it is dependent on external stimulation factors, but also on internal factors capable of triggering and justifying at the same time the emergence of a motivation, a pulse. In triggering and conducting behavior is required the concurrent participation of internal and external stimuli, whose synchronized actions will cause the critical threshold to be exceeded in intensity