FoodFab: Creating Food Perception Illusions using Food 3D Printing

Personalization of eating such that everyone consumes only what they need allows improving our management of food waste. In this paper, we explore the use of food 3D printing to create perceptual illusions for controlling the level of perceived satiety given a defined amount of calories. We present FoodFab, a system that allows users to control their food intake through modifying a food's internal structure via two 3D printing parameters: infill pattern and infill density. In two experiments with a total of 30 participants, we studied the effect of these parameters on users' chewing time that is known to affect people's feeling of satiety. Our results show that we can indeed modify the chewing time by varying infill pattern and density, and thus control perceived satiety. Based on the results, we propose two computational models and integrate them into a user interface that simplifies the creation of personalized food structures

Demonstration of FoodFab: Creating Food Perceptual Illusions using Food 3D Printing

Food 3D printing enables the creation of customized food structures based on a person's individual needs. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of food 3D printing to create perceptual illusions for controlling the level of perceived satiety given a defined amount of calories. We present FoodFab, a system that allows users to control their food intake through modifying a food's internal structure via two 3D printing parameters: infill pattern and infill density. In two experiments with a total of 30 participants, we studied the effect of these parameters on users' chewing time that is known to affect people's feeling of satiety. Our results show that we can indeed modify the chewing time by varying infill pattern and density, and thus control perceived satiety. Based on the results, we propose two computational models and integrate them into a user interface that simplifies the creation of personalized food structures

Applications of Haptic Systems in Virtual Environments: A Brief Review

Haptic systems and virtual environments represent two innovative technologies that have been attractive for the development of applications where the immersion of the user is the main concern. This chapter presents a brief review about applications of haptic systems in virtual environments. Virtual environments will be considered either virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR) by their virtual nature. Even if AR is usually considered an extension of VR, since most of the augmentations of reality are computer graphics, the nature of AR is also virtual and will be taken as a virtual environment. The applications are divided in two main categories, training and assistance. Each category has subsections for the use of haptic systems in virtual environments in education, medicine, and industry. Finally, an alternative category of entertainment is also discussed. Some representative research on each area of application is described to analyze and to discuss which are the trends and challenges related to the applications of haptic systems in virtual environments