Supervivencia del camarón blanco (litopenaeus vannamei) en relación con los parámetros de calidad del agua (Original)

The relationship between the water quality parameters and the survival percentage and the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in the shrimp farm of the south coast (Calisur), Río Cauto municipality, Granma province was evaluated. The study was carried out in three ponds of farm 1 during the sowing and cultivation months of crustacean (October 2020 to January 2021); where the environmental conditions and the characteristics of the species were taken into account. Constant control and monitoring of some physical-chemical parameters was carried out: pH, salinity (ppm), dissolved oxygen (mg L), temperature (ºC) and transparency (cm), as well as their influence on the survival and yields of the shrimp. The data obtained were analyzed in the entity's laboratory by the working group; obtaining the results that pond 27 was superior in relation to water quality, which satisfactorily influenced the survival and yields of the shrimp and good productive results.Se evaluó la relación entre los parámetros de la calidad del agua y el porcentaje de supervivencia y camarón blanco (Litopenaeus vannamei) en la Camaronera del Litoral sur (Calisur), municipio Río Cauto, provincia Granma. El estudio se desarrolló en tres estanques de la granja 1 durante los meses de siembra y cultivo del crustáceo (octubre de 2020 a enero 2021); donde se tuvo en cuenta las condiciones medioambientales y las características de la especie. Se efectuó el control y monitoreo constante de algunos parámetros físico - químicos: pH, salinidad (ppm), oxígeno disuelto (mg L), temperatura (ºC) y transparencia (cm), así como su influencia en la supervivencia y los rendimientos del camarón. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados en el laboratorio de la entidad por el grupo de trabajo obteniéndose cómo rresultados que el estanque 27 fue superior en relación la calidad del agua, lo cual influyó satisfactoriamente en la supervivencia y los rendimientos del camarón con buenos resultados productivos

Early versus late tracheostomy in cardiovascular intensive care patients

Background: Benefits of tracheostomy have been well established. Most of the literature, refers these benefits to general intensive care population, excluding cardiac surgery or including only small number of these patients. On the other hand, there is no clear definition describing the proper time to perform the procedure and defining what are potential benefits of early compared to late tracheostomy. This retrospective cohort aims to assess the potential benefits of early tracheostomy on post-operative outcomes, length of stay and post-tracheostomy complications within cardiac surgical population. Methods: After obtaining REB approval, we conducted a retrospective chart review in a single, tertiary care institution, identifying patients who underwent tracheostomy after cardiac surgery from 1999 to 2006. Time-to-tracheostomy was defined as “early” if < 7 days or “late” if ≥ 7 days post-cardiac surgery). Results: 14,101 patients underwent cardiac surgery over the 7-year study period; from those, 147 (1.36%) received tracheostomy. 32 (22%) patients underwent early tracheostomy and 115 (78%) late tracheostomy. Incidence of atrial fibrillation (31.2% vs 61.7%; P = 0.003), kidney dysfunction (6.3% vs 27.2%; P=0.015) and kidney failure 18.8% vs 43.5%; P = 0.013) were lower in the early tracheostomy group. There were no differences on post tracheostomy infection or presence of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Both the ICU and hospital length of stay were significantly shorter in early tracheostomy group, 21.5 (ET) vs 36.9 (LT) days and 37.5 (ET) vs 57.6 (LT) days respectively. There were no differences in mortality between groups. Conclusions: There are significant benefits in reduction of postoperative morbidities with overall shorter ICU and hospital stay. These benefits may promote faster patient rehabilitation with reduced healthcare costs

Linfoma de Hodgkin epidural del raquis lumbar: presentación de un caso

INTRODUCCIÓN: La complejidad inherente a las enfermedades demanda de una atención multidisciplinaria que tribute en mejores resultados para los enfermos. Las neoplasias intrarraquídeas no escapan a esta afirmación, y aunque no tienen la mayor frecuencia, sus características clínicas y de neuroimagen pueden significar un reto para el equipo médico.CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente masculino, de 31 años, que debutó con lumbociatalgia y parestesias con predominio en el miembro inferior izquierdo y signos de atrapamiento radicular de la cuarta y quinta raíces lumbares. La tomografía axial computarizada y resonancia magnética de la columna lumbosacra demostraron la presencia de una neoplasia que invadía el canal raquídeo e infiltraba el cuerpo de la tercera vértebra lumbar. Se sometió a tratamiento quirúrgico por un equipo de neurocirujanos y ortopédicos. Se realizó laminectomía de la segunda a la cuarta vértebras lumbares, excéresis macroscópica total de la lesión neoformativa, curetaje del cuerpo vertebral afectado, seguido de fusión con apófisis espinosas y fijación por técnica de Luque. El diagnóstico histopatológico transoperatorio fue de un linfoma de Hodgkin. El seguimiento posoperatorio incluyó a la especialidad de hematología con tratamiento quimioterapéutico específico. La evolución fue favorable y lleva dos años de sobrevida asintomático y sin discapacidad.CONCLUSIONES: El diagnóstico precoz de las enfermedades oncológicas del raquis unido al tratamiento oportuno y adecuado por un equipo médico multidisciplinario, garantiza los mejores resultados, con una repercusión favorable en el pronóstico de los pacientes.INTRODUCTION: The inherent complexity of diseases demands a multidisciplinary attention to assure better results for patients. Intraspinal neoplasms are an example of this affirmation and however they don’t have the highest frequency, the clinical and radiological characteristics could become in a challenge for medical staff. Objective: to present a patient with an uncommon lumbar intraspinal neoplasm.CLINICAL CASE: A 31 year old white male patient with an onset of back and sciatic pain and left leg paresthesias and signs of radicular entrapment of the fourth and fifth lumbar roots. Lumbar spine radiological study by computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of a neoplasm who invaded the spinal canal and infiltrated the third lumbar vertebral body. Surgical treatment was decided by a staff of orthopedics and neurosurgeons. A laminectomy of the second to forth lumbar vertebrae was made, total complete removal of the neoplastic lesion, curettage of the affected vertebral body, followed by vertebral fusion with spinous apophysis and Luque technique. The trans-operatory pathological diagnosis was Hodgkin lymphoma. The post-operatory follow up included hematology management with specific chemotherapy. The patient has a favorable evolution with two years of asymptomatic survival and without handicap. CONCLUSIONS: The precocious diagnosis of spine neoplasm toward an opportune and suitable treatment by a multidisciplinary team, assures the best results with a favorable repercussion in patients prognosis