The Evacuation of Japanese-Americans from Washington State During World War II: A Study in Race Discrimination

In 1964 Congress passed a major civil rights bill designed to give equal rights to all Americans regardless of race, but there was a time when that same government under pressures of war, denied civil rights to citizens as well as non-citizens strictly because of race. Going back twenty-three years, one can study the racial discrimination practiced by the United States government towards another minority group--the Japanese-Americans. This paper will cover: (1) Why the Japanese-Americans were evacuated during World War II; (2) How they were evacuated; (3) The consequences of their evacuation. Because of the vast program of relocation of all the Japanese-Americans on the Pacific Coast, this study will be limited to the 14,565 Japanese-Americans of Washington State

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationDuring mating males transfer not only sperm, but also protein and other substances in their seminal fluid. The functions of some seminal fluid components have been identified and these include aiding in sperm motility and protecting sperm from the harsh environment of the female reproductive tract. However, the function of most seminal fluid components are unknown. In this dissertation, I identify a seminal fluid protease, TRY-5, in Caenorhabditis elegans and show that it functions in sperm activation, a necessary step in production of functional sperm. C. elegans is a nematode that consists of two sexes: males, which produce only sperm, and hermaphrodites, which produce both sperm and eggs. During activation, each sperm cell develops a pseudopod, which allows sperm to migrate and fertilize oocytes. Male sperm are stored as nonmotile, nonactivated sperm, and little is known about the extracellular signals required for their activation. SWM-1, a protein with two trypsin inhibitor-like domains and a secretion signal, was identified as an inhibitor of male sperm activation. Here, I show a trypsin-like serine protease, TRY-5, is an extracellular signal for sperm activation necessary for sperm activation in swm-1 mutant males. While swm-1 mutant males contain prematurely activated sperm, swm-1 try-5 males contain nonactivated sperm. Despite being a signal for activation, try-5 is not required for male fertility, suggesting the existence of additional sperm activation signals. This alternative iv signal likely comes from hermaphrodites, since a known hermaphrodite sperm activation pathway is required for male sperm activation in the absence of TRY-5. To test whether TRY-5 functions in seminal fluid, I examined the localization of TRY-5 protein. A TRY-5::GFP fusion expressed under a try-5 promoter localized to several tissues of the somatic gonad that are involved in the storage and transfer of sperm, including the vas deferens and valve region. I followed TRY-5::GFP localization during mating and found that TRY-5::GFP was transferred to hermaphrodites, making TRY-5 a likely seminal fluid component. Transfer occurred in a consistent pattern, suggesting this process is well regulated. Overall, these results suggest that TRY-5 is a protease seminal fluid signal of sperm activation

Tabvla Asiae VII

Publication: [Agrippinensium Colonia?] : [Excudebat Petrus Keschedt?], [1597?] Physical Description: 1 map ; 14 x 18 cm, on sheet 17 x 23 cm Language: Latin Cartographic Mathematical Data: Scale not given, (E 49°35ʹ--E 82°05ʹ/N 43°33ʹ--N 26°01ʹ). Notes: Ptolemaic map covering central Asia, including the Persian Gulf, Caspian Sea, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. Relief shown pictorially. Uncolored. Copper-plate map. Verso is page 22 of an unidentified text in Latin, with heading: Asiae Tabvla VI. Taken from an early edition of Giovanni Antonio Magini\u27s Ptolemy\u27s Geographia, tentatively identified as: Ptolemy. Geographiae vniuersae tum veteris, tum nouae abolutissimum opus, duobus voluminibus districtum. Agrippinensium Colonia : Excudebat Petrus Keschedt, 1597

Policies and procedures: an analysis of the UNC Ram's Clubs decision making process

This study examined whether the UNC Rams Club incorporates strategic management principles when implementing policies and procedures. Data was collected for this study from archived records, online materials, and in person interviews with Directors of the UNC Rams Club. A set number of uniform planning questions were posed to each subject, each participant was asked to answer the questions relative to the operation of the organization as a whole. The researcher conducted a careful analysis of the participants' responses to the interview questions. The research concluded that the UNC Rams Club's process for changing policies and procedures is inconsistent with strategic management theory. The application and use of the findings were discussed. Research concludes with how to incorporate strategic management principles. A policies and procedures fundraising manual template which details how policies and procedures can be organized for UNC Rams Club is suggested at the end of the study

The effect of opioid therapy on sleep quality in patients with chronic non-malignant pain : a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis

Current guidelines recommend opioid therapy to chronic non-malignant pain (CNP) patients when the benefits for pain and function outweigh risks. This systematic review examined the effects of opioid therapy on sleep – a valued functional outcome– in CNP. Electronic and hand searches of relevant studies up through July 2017 identified 18 eligible studies providing data from 3,746 CNP patients for analysis. Twelve of these studies were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of up to 12-month in duration. Low-medium dosed oxycodone and transdermal fentanyl were the most tested therapies (n=4 each). Only two studies used objective sleep measure in addition to self-report ratings, questionnaires or sleep diary. Whilst calmer sleep with less body/leg movements and fewer awakenings could be achieved following opioid therapy, these might occur with increased sleep-disordered breathing and a much-shortened rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency. Both the narrative synthesis and exploratory meta-analysis suggest that opioid therapy in CNP is associated with improved self-reported sleep quality. However, the effect is inconsistent, small (Standardised Mean Difference = 0.36), and may be accompanied by excessive daytime sleepiness. As a Cochrane-recommended assessment revealed “unclear” or “high” overall risk of bias for all studies, future opioid trials of stronger methodology and better reporting are needed to confirm and elucidate the effect

Young women's responses to smoking and breast cancer risk information

Current evidence confirms that young women who smoke or who have regular long-term exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) have an increased risk of developing premenopausal breast cancer. The aim of this research was to examine the responses of young women to health information about the links between active smoking and SHS exposure and breast cancer and obtain their advice about messaging approaches. Data were collected in focus groups with 46 women, divided in three age cohorts: 15–17, 18–19 and 20–24 and organized according to smoking status (smoking, non-smoking and mixed smoking status groups). The discussion questions were preceded by information about passive and active smoking and its associated breast cancer risk. The study findings show young women's interest in this risk factor for breast cancer. Three themes were drawn from the analysis: making sense of the information on smoking and breast cancer, personal susceptibility and tobacco exposure and suggestions for increasing awareness about tobacco exposure and breast cancer. There was general consensus on framing public awareness messages about this risk factor on ‘protecting others’ from breast cancer to catch smokers’ attention, providing young women with the facts and personal stories of breast cancer to help establish a personal connection with this information and overcome desensitization related to tobacco messages, and targeting all smokers who may place young women at risk. Cautions were also raised about the potential for stigmatization. Implications for raising awareness about this modifiable risk factor for breast cancer are discussed