15 research outputs found
BSM Physics: What the Higgs Can Tell Us
This discovery of the Higgs boson last year has created new possibilities for
testing candidate theories for explaining physics beyond the Standard Model.
Here we explain the ways in which new physics can leave its marks in the
experimental Higgs data, and how we can use the data to constrain and compare
different models. In this proceedings paper we use two models, Minimal
Universal Extra Dimensions and the 4D Composite Higgs model, as examples to
demonstrate the technique.Comment: V2 corrected typo in author name. Submitted to the proceedings of the
41st ITEP Winter School, Mosco
Baseline risk factors of in-hospital mortality after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection: an ERTAAD study
Background Surgery for type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is associated with high risk of mortality. Current risk scoring methods have a limited predictive accuracy.Methods Subjects were patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD at 18 European centers of cardiac surgery from the European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection (ERTAAD).Results Out of 3,902 patients included in the ERTAAD, 2,477 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In the validation dataset (2,229 patients), the rate of in-hospital mortality was 18.4%. The rate of composite outcome (in-hospital death, stroke/global ischemia, dialysis, and/or acute heart failure) was 41.2%, and 10-year mortality rate was 47.0%. Logistic regression identified the following patient-related variables associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality [area under the curve (AUC), 0.755, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.729-0.780; Brier score 0.128]: age; estimated glomerular filtration rate; arterial lactate; iatrogenic dissection; left ventricular ejection fraction <= 50%; invasive mechanical ventilation; cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately before surgery; and cerebral, mesenteric, and peripheral malperfusion. The estimated risk score was associated with an increased risk of composite outcome (AUC, 0.689, 95% CI, 0.667-0.711) and of late mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 1.035, 95% CI, 1.031-1.038; Harrell's C 0.702; Somer's D 0.403]. In the validation dataset (248 patients), the in-hospital mortality rate was 16.1%, the composite outcome rate was 41.5%, and the 10-year mortality rate was 49.1%. The estimated risk score was predictive of in-hospital mortality (AUC, 0.703, 95% CI, 0.613-0.793; Brier score 0.121; slope 0.905) and of composite outcome (AUC, 0.682, 95% CI, 0.614-0.749). The estimated risk score was predictive of late mortality (HR, 1.035, 95% CI, 1.031-1.038; Harrell's C 0.702; Somer's D 0.403), also when hospital deaths were excluded from the analysis (HR, 1.024, 95% CI, 1.018-1.031; Harrell's C 0.630; Somer's D 0.261).Conclusions The present analysis identified several baseline clinical risk factors, along with preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate and arterial lactate, which are predictive of in-hospital mortality and major postoperative adverse events after surgical repair of acute TAAD. These risk factors may be valuable components for risk adjustment in the evaluation of surgical and anesthesiological strategies aiming to improve the results of surgery for TAAD.Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04831073
Outcome after Surgery for Iatrogenic Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
(1) Background: Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) may complicate the outcome of cardiovascular procedures. Data on the outcome after surgery for iatrogenic acute TAAD is scarce. (2) Methods: The European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection (ERTAAD) is a multicenter, retrospective study including patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD at 18 hospitals from eight European countries. The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and 5-year mortality. Twenty-seven secondary outcomes were evaluated. (3) Results: Out of 3902 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD, 103 (2.6%) had iatrogenic TAAD. Cardiac surgery (37.8%) and percutaneous coronary intervention (36.9%) were the most frequent causes leading to iatrogenic TAAD, followed by diagnostic coronary angiography (13.6%), transcatheter aortic valve replacement (10.7%) and peripheral endovascular procedure (1.0%). In hospital mortality was 20.5% after cardiac surgery, 31.6% after percutaneous coronary intervention, 42.9% after diagnostic coronary angiography, 45.5% after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and nihil after peripheral endovascular procedure (p = 0.092), with similar 5-year mortality between different subgroups of iatrogenic TAAD (p = 0.710). Among 102 propensity score matched pairs, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher among patients with iatrogenic TAAD (30.4% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.013) compared to those with spontaneous TAAD. This finding was likely related to higher risk of postoperative heart failure (35.3% vs. 10.8%, p < 0.0001) among iatrogenic TAAD patients. Five-year mortality was comparable between patients with iatrogenic and spontaneous TAAD (46.2% vs. 39.4%, p = 0.163). (4) Conclusions: Iatrogenic origin of acute TAAD is quite uncommon but carries a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality compared to spontaneous TAAD
Outcome after Surgery for Iatrogenic Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
(1) Background: Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) may complicate the outcome of cardiovascular procedures. Data on the outcome after surgery for iatrogenic acute TAAD is scarce. (2) Methods: The European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection (ERTAAD) is a multicenter, retrospective study including patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD at 18 hospitals from eight European countries. The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and 5-year mortality. Twenty-seven secondary outcomes were evaluated. (3) Results: Out of 3902 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for acute TAAD, 103 (2.6%) had iatrogenic TAAD. Cardiac surgery (37.8%) and percutaneous coronary intervention (36.9%) were the most frequent causes leading to iatrogenic TAAD, followed by diagnostic coronary angiography (13.6%), transcatheter aortic valve replacement (10.7%) and peripheral endovascular procedure (1.0%). In hospital mortality was 20.5% after cardiac surgery, 31.6% after percutaneous coronary intervention, 42.9% after diagnostic coronary angiography, 45.5% after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and nihil after peripheral endovascular procedure (p = 0.092), with similar 5-year mortality between different subgroups of iatrogenic TAAD (p = 0.710). Among 102 propensity score matched pairs, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher among patients with iatrogenic TAAD (30.4% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.013) compared to those with spontaneous TAAD. This finding was likely related to higher risk of postoperative heart failure (35.3% vs. 10.8%, p < 0.0001) among iatrogenic TAAD patients. Five-year mortality was comparable between patients with iatrogenic and spontaneous TAAD (46.2% vs. 39.4%, p = 0.163). (4) Conclusions: Iatrogenic origin of acute TAAD is quite uncommon but carries a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality compared to spontaneous TAAD
Prospects for 2HDM charged Higgs searches
We discuss the prospects for charged Higgs boson searches at the LHC, within the two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDM). The 2HDM is generally less constrained than the corresponding sector of the MSSM, but there are still severe theoretical and experimental constraints that already exclude significant regions of the naive parameter space. Explicit searches in the H+ -> tau(+)v and H+ -> t (b) over bar channels are further restricting parts of the 2HDM parameter space.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Renormalization group equation study of the scalar sector of the minimal B - L extension of the standard model
We present the complete set of Renormalisation Group Equations (RGEs) at one
loop for the non-exotic minimal U(1) extension of the Standard Model (SM). It
includes all models that are anomaly-free with the SM fermion content augmented
by one Right-Handed (RH) neutrino per generation. We then pursue the numerical
study of the pure B-L model, deriving the triviality and vacuum stability
bounds on an enlarged scalar sector comprising one additional Higgs singlet
field with respect to the SM.Comment: 29 pages, 8 Figures
Computing Tools for the SMEFT
International audienceThe increasing interest in the phenomenology of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), has led to the development of a wide spectrum of public codes which implement automatically different aspects of the SMEFT for phenomenological applications. In order to discuss the present and future of such efforts, the "SMEFT-Tools 2019" Workshop was held at the IPPP Durham on the 12th-14th June 2019. Here we collect and summarize the contents of this workshop
Theoretical constraints on the couplings of non-exotic minimal Z ` bosons
We have combined perturbative unitarity and renormalisation group equation
arguments in order to find a dynamical way to constrain the space of the gauge
couplings (, ) of the so-called "Minimal Models". We
have analysed the role of the gauge couplings evolution in the perturbative
stability of the two-to-two body scattering amplitudes of the vector and scalar
sectors of these models and we have shown that perturbative unitarity imposes
an upper bound that is generally stronger than the triviality constraint. We
have also demonstrated how this method quantitatively refines the usual
triviality bound in the case of benchmark scenarios such as the ,
the or the "pure" extension of the Standard Model.
Finally, a description of the underlying model structure in Feynman gauge is
provided.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figures; bibliography updated, comments added on Section
II
Z ` discovery potential at the LHC in the minimal B-L extension of the standard model
We present the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) discovery potential in the
sector of a enlarged Standard Model (that also includes three
heavy Majorana neutrinos and an additional Higgs boson) for , 10
and 14 TeV centre-of-mass (CM) energies, considering both the
and decay
channels. The comparison of the (irreducible) backgrounds with the expected
backgrounds for the D\O experiment at the Tevatron validates our simulation.
We propose an alternative analysis that has the potential to improve the D\O
sensitivity. Electrons provide a higher sensitivity to smaller couplings at
small boson masses than do muons. The resolutions achievable may
allow the boson width to be measured at smaller masses in the case
of electrons in the final state. The run of the LHC at TeV,
assuming at most fb, will be able to give
similar results to those that will be available soon at the Tevatron in the
lower mass region, and to extend them for a heavier .Comment: 33 Pages, 14 figures and 8 tables. Updated Tevatron bounds and
comparison to CDF and D0; improved methodology explanation; commented on
inclusion of detector effects. Results changed only for the comparison to
Tevatron. Corrected typos and updated bibliography to match published version
in EPJ