МикроРНК как важные диагностичеcкие предвестники развития акушерской патологии

MicroRNAs (miRs) are the class of short nucleotide sequences (21–27 nucleotides) RNA, non-coding protein synthesis. miRs are known as effective posttranscriptional negative regulators of gene expression with specific binding sites of targeted messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cytoplasm, providing translational repression or degradation of the target miR transcript. In this review we studied the role of miRNAs in the development of a physiological pregnancy and obstetric complications. The placenta is a unique organ which provides modulation of the immune system of the maternal organism during pregnancy including miRs which determine immunological tolerance of the body to the tissues of the fetus. Thus the «placental» miRs in maternal circulation may be the potential biomarker revealed at various obstetric pathology on the early stages before clinical manifestation of the diseases.МикроРНК (мкНК) — класс коротких нуклеотидных последовательностей (21–27 нуклеотидов) РНК, не участвующих в синтезе белка. мкРНК рассматривают как эффективные посттранскрипционные негативные регуляторы экспрессии генов, связывающи- еся со специфическими участками матричных РНК (мРНК) в цитоплазме, обеспечивающие репрессию трансляции или деградацию транскриптов мишеней мРНК. Показана роль мкРНК в развитии нормальной беременности и ее осложнений, уделено внимание профилям мкРНК на разных сроках физиологической беременности, особенно при иммунологической толерантности организма матери к тканям плода во время беременности. Также отмечены мкРНК, ассоциированные с иммуносупрессией, представлен профиль мкРНК, связанных с преэклампсией. Определение плацентарных мкРНК в материнском кровотоке рекомендовано исполь- зовать в качестве раннего прогностического биомаркера значимой акушерской патологии до наступления клинической манифестации заболевания

Polymorphism rs652438 of gene <i>mmp12</i> and oxidative DNA damage in bronchial asthma: An experimental non-randomised study

Background. Personalised medicine is an avenue to create technologies for individual prognosis of the disease onset and development. The identification of individual gene haplotypes is prerequisite to detecting predispositions to multifactorial diseases. The level of serum 8-oxoguanine is an indicator of genotoxic stress underlying many pathologies.Objectives. A study of associations of mmp12 gene’s polymorphic variant rs652438 and the nature of genome oxidative damage in bronchial asthma.Methods. Genotyping of polymorphic variant rs652438 of gene mmp12 was performed using TaqMan-probe real-time PCR assays. The gene variant association with disease was assessed by odds ratio. The degree of DNA oxidative damage was estimated by 8-oxoguanine serum concentrations determined in monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassays. The StatPro software package with StatTools (Palisade Corporation, USA) was used for statistical data processing.Results. The haplotype and allele frequencies were established for polymorphic locus rs652438 of the mmp12 gene in the control and bronchial asthma cohorts. Heterozygotes were shown to differ significantly; the estimate was 2.3-fold higher in the control vs. bronchial asthma (BA) cohort (p &lt; 0.05). The AA and GG haplotype frequencies did not differ significantly. The minor allele G odds ratio (OR = 0.362, CI 95% 0.134–0.975) suggests its protective effect. This may be associated with a lowering activity of the encoded macrophage metalloelastase enzyme, which results in a poorer extracellular matrix destruction in the bronchial tree. The baseline 8-oxoG levels in the control and BA samples were 6.4 and 9.4 ng/mL, respectively (U = 25, Ucut-off = 23; p &gt;0.05). An in vitro electromagnetic exposure of varying frequency leads to a significant oxidative genomic damage in both cohorts and an earlier reparative depletion in bronchial asthma vs. control.Conclusion. A protective effect of minor allele G against pathology has been demonstrated. Adaptations to oxidative genomic stress in bronchial asthma manifest by an impaired resistance to in vitro high-intensity electromagnetic exposures

Weather risk factors for stroke in the Central Region of Russia

The weather risk factors of stroke were studied in the Central Region of Russia. Case histories of patients admitted to Yaroslavl Clinical Hospital Eight with a diagnosis of stroke from October 2002 to December 2006 were analyzed. Among 3243 patients, there were 1607 men and 1636 women (mean age 62.45±12.19years. Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes were identified in 61.1 and 19.0% of cases, respectively. The risk factors of stroke were found to be essential hypertension (70.4%), cerebral atherosclerosis (35.2%), and coronary heart disease (17.4%). A significant role is played in the occurrence of the disease by weather factors, such as wind speed (contribution factor, 32.1%), average daily air temperature (contribution factor, 17.9%), and atmospheric pressure (contribution factor, 17.1%)

Efficacy and tolerability of Potentilla tincture in complex therapy of patients with knee osteoarthritis

Objective. To assess efficacy and safety of two-month therapy with Potentilla tincturecombined with diclofenac in pts with osteoarthritis (OA) in comparison with diclofenac monotherapy (control group). Material and methods. 60 pts with OA aged 50-75 years were randomly assigned into two groups 30 pts in each. Knee OA was diagnosed according to ACR criteria (1991). Pain at movement, WOMAC index (on VAS), efficacy assessment by physician and pt and diclofenac requirement were used as outcome measures. 1 tea spoon of Potentilla tincture diluted in 1/3 of water glass was given twice a day before meal as well as diclofenac 100 mg/ day during 2 months. Results. Combined therapy provided prominent decrease of pain which exceeded improvement in control group. Significant decrease of summated WOMAC index was achieved only in the main group. Conclusion. Combination of Potentilla tincture and diclofenac was significantly more effective than treatment with diclofenac alone in OA. Combined therapy provided more pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect than diclofenac monotherapy

Preeclampsia: The Interplay between Oxygen-Sensitive miRNAs and Erythropoietin

Changes in the oxygen partial pressure caused by a violation of uteroplacental perfusion are considered a powerful inducer of a cascade of reactions leading to the clinical manifestation of preeclampsia (PE). At the same time, the induction of oxygen-dependent molecule expression, in particular, miRNA and erythropoietin, is modulated. Therefore, the focus of our study was aimed at estimating the miRNA expression profile of placental tissue and blood plasma in pregnant women with preeclampsia using deep sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR, as well as determining the concentration of erythropoietin. The expression of miR-27b-3p, miR-92b-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR-186-5p, as regulated by hypoxia/reoxygenation, was significantly increased in blood plasma during early-onset preeclampsia. The possibility of detecting early PE according to the logistic regression model (miR-92b-3p, miR-125b-5p, and miR-181a-5p (AUC = 0.91)) was evaluated. Furthermore, the erythropoietin level, which is regulated by miR-125b-5p, was significantly increased. According to PANTHER14.1, the participation of these miRNAs in the regulation of pathways, such as the hypoxia&rsquo;s response via HIF activation, oxidative stress response, angiogenesis, and the VEGF signaling pathway, were determined