CAT-test significance in life quality assessment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Comprehensive analysis of the impact of complex vaccination against pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae type b and influenza on performance CAT-test 6 months after vaccination in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared with unvaccinated patients. 1 group - 48 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, vaccinated simultaneously «Pneumo-23», «Hiberix», «Grippol plus» (mean age - 61,46±1,17 years). Group 2-80 non-vaccinated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (mean age - 54,65±0,6 years). Patients from both groups held CAT-test at baseline and 6 months after. There was a significant decline in CAT-test after 6 months in the vaccinated patients compared with unvaccinated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CAT-test can be used as a sensitive tool to monitor indicators of quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the process of therapy. Complete vaccination against pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae type b infection and influenza contributes to improving the quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 6 months after medical interventio

Continuity of the von Neumann entropy

A general method for proving continuity of the von Neumann entropy on subsets of positive trace-class operators is considered. This makes it possible to re-derive the known conditions for continuity of the entropy in more general forms and to obtain several new conditions. The method is based on a particular approximation of the von Neumann entropy by an increasing sequence of concave continuous unitary invariant functions defined using decompositions into finite rank operators. The existence of this approximation is a corollary of a general property of the set of quantum states as a convex topological space called the strong stability property. This is considered in the first part of the paper.Comment: 42 pages, the minor changes have been made, the new applications of the continuity condition have been added. To appear in Commun. Math. Phy

Antimatter Regions in the Early Universe and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

We have studied big bang nucleosynthesis in the presence of regions of antimatter. Depending on the distance scale of the antimatter region, and thus the epoch of their annihilation, the amount of antimatter in the early universe is constrained by the observed abundances. Small regions, which annihilate after weak freezeout but before nucleosynthesis, lead to a reduction in the 4He yield, because of neutron annihilation. Large regions, which annihilate after nucleosynthesis, lead to an increased 3He yield. Deuterium production is also affected but not as much. The three most important production mechanisms of 3He are 1) photodisintegration of 4He by the annihilation radiation, 2) pbar-4He annihilation, and 3) nbar-4He annihilation by "secondary" antineutrons produced in anti-4He annihilation. Although pbar-4He annihilation produces more 3He than the secondary nbar-4He annihilation, the products of the latter survive later annihilation much better, since they are distributed further away from the annihilation zone.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures. Minor changes to match the PRD versio

Исследование безопасности введения 13-валентной пневмококковой конъюгированной вакцины и поствакцинальный иммунный ответ к серотипам Streptococcus pneumoniae у взрослых больных с бронхиальной астмой и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких

Background. Vaccination against pneumococcal infection is one of the priorities in improving the quality of treatment and prevention measures in adults with various pathologies. The effectiveness of vaccination is directly related to the individuals ability to form an adequate specific immunity. Aims the aim of the study was to assess the level of post-vaccination antibodies to capsular polysaccharides of S. pneumoniae in adult patients with bronchial asthma (BA) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after administration of 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13). Materials and methods. The ELISA method was used to determine the level of IgG antibodies to 12 capsular polysaccharides serotypes 1, 3, 4, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F of S. pneumoniae that are part of PCV13, and 2 serotypes 9N, 15B that are not part of the vaccines using research test systems developed on the basis of the I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera. Groups of adult patients 32 patients with BA and 33 with COPD who received basic treatment according to accepted international standards. The comparison group consists of 20 healthy patients who do not have comorbidities. In patients, vaccination was performed outside the acute period of the disease using PCV13. Results. Vaccination of PCV13 patients with BA and COPD does not lead to the development of exacerbations of the underlying disease, while unusual symptoms in the post-vaccination period, provided for by the drugs instructions, can rarely develop. A comparative analysis of changes in IgG antibodies conducted after 6 weeks relative to the initial level of IgG antibodies to S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides in adult patients and healthy vaccinated PCV13 showed the same increase in specific antibodies to 12 serotypes of pneumococcus. The difference was found only in relation to IgG antibodies to a mixture of polysaccharides included in the PCV13 vaccine, which were registered higher in patients with BA and COPD in the post-vaccination period (p 0.001) than in healthy patients. Conclusions. PCV13 vaccination of patients with BA and COPD is safe and is accompanied by the synthesis of IgG antibodies to capsular polysaccharides serotypes of S. pneumoniae similarly to the healthy group.Обоснование. Одним из приоритетных направлений в улучшении качества лечебно-профилактических мероприятий у взрослого населения с различными патологиями является вакцинация против пневмококковой инфекции. Эффективность вакцинации находится в прямой зависимости от способности индивидуума к формированию адекватного специфического иммунитета. Цель исследования оценить уровень поствакцинальных антител к капсульным полисахаридам S. pneumoniae у взрослых больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) после введения 13-валентной конъюгированной пневмококковой вакцины (ПКВ13). Методы. Методом ИФА проведено определение уровня IgG-антител к 12 капсульным полисахаридам (КПС) серотипов 1, 3, 4, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F S. pneumoniae, входящим в состав ПКВ13, и 2 серотипам (9N, 15В), не входящим в него, с использованием исследовательских тест-систем, разработанных на базе ФГБНУ НИИ вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова. Группы взрослых больных 32 пациента, страдающих БА, и 33 пациента с ХОБЛ, которые получали основное лечение согласно принятым международным стандартам. Группа сравнения 20 здоровых, не имеющих сопутствующих заболеваний. У больных вакцинация проводилась вне острого периода заболевания с использованием ПКВ13. Результаты. Вакцинация ПКВ13 пациентов с БА и ХОБЛ не приводит к развитию обострений основного заболевания, при этом редко могут развиться необычные явления в поствакцинальном периоде, предусмотренные инструкцией к препарату. Сравнительный анализ изменений уровней поствакцинальных антител, проведенный через 6 нед, относительно исходного уровня IgG-антител к капсульным полисахаридам S. pneumoniae у взрослых больных и здоровых привитых ПКВ13 показал одинаковое нарастание специфических антител к 12 серотипам пневмококка. Различие выявлено только в отношении IgG-антител к смеси полисахаридов, входящих в состав вакцины ПКВ13, которые у пациентов с БА и ХОБЛ в поствакцинальном периоде регистрировались в более высоких титрах (p 0,001), чем у здоровых лиц. Заключение. Вакцинация ПКВ13 больных с БА и ХОБЛ безопасна и сопровождается синтезом IgG-антител к капсульным полисахаридам серотипов S. pneumoniae