Gastrointestinal tract functional disorders in children under 1 year in Belgorod Region: prevalence, predicting factors and therapy

We analyzed estimated the prevalence and predisposing factors of gastrointestinal tract functional diseases in children under 1 year in Belgorod Region. The survey involved 348 women with children aged 1 to 4 years. The main sections of the questionnaire dealt with the pregnancy, delivery and feeding details, antibiotics prescription in 1st year, the gastroenterological complaints and therapy. The functional disorders in children included regurgitation syndrome (18.3%), infant intestinal colic (74.4%) and constipation (33%). Predisposing factors were problematic pregnancy and delivery (31.3% and 25.3%, respectively), feeding (late breastfeeding and early termination of breastfeeding up to 3 months of life in 44% and 29.8%, respectively), antibiotic therapy in the first months of life - 23.6%

The identification of risks in the stages of the life cycle of high technology products

The article is devoted to the identification of risks in the different stages of the life cycle of hightechnology products aviation applications. Built risk register, a qualitative risk assessment by expert method. Revealed the most significant risk factors and forms of their manifestation.</jats:p

Alirocumab Administration Experience to Achieve Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Target Levels in Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Aim. To study the effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor, alirocumab, on lipid levels in patients who receive secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and require enhanced lipid-lowering therapy.Material and methods. The study included 49 patients (aged of 61.53±1.14 years; 31 [63.3%] men) receiving alirocumab who did not reach the target low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations despite the ongoing optimal lipid-lowering therapy. In all patients, the initial level of lipids was evaluated, as well as their parameters after subsequent alirocumab injections.Results. LDL-C serum level significantly decreased after the first injection compared to the initial level from 2.92±0.22 to 1.65±0.19 mmol/L (p&lt;0.001; Δ45.31±3.61%) and down to 1.74±0.17 mmol/L for the entire study period (p&lt;0.001; Δ41.52±2.69%). The change in LDL-C level between injections did not show statistically significant differences (p=0.141). A direct strong statistically significant correlation between the LDL-C level after the first injection and its average values for the entire observation period was found (r=0.958, p&lt;0.001).Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that the PCSK9 inhibitor, alirocumab, in patients who need secondary prevention of CVD shows a significant additional decrease in the concentration of LDL-C after the first injection. At the same time, approximately half of the patients were able to achieve the recommended levels of LDL-C. The persistence of the achieved low LDL-C levels over time demonstrated that the average concentration of LDL-C during the observation corresponded to the values after the first injection. This finding shows that there is no need for constant monitoring of lipid metabolism parameters when prescribing such therapy.</jats:p

Alirocumab Administration Experience to Achieve Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Target Levels in Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Aim. To study the effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor, alirocumab, on lipid levels in patients who receive secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and require enhanced lipid-lowering therapy.Material and methods. The study included 49 patients (aged of 61.53±1.14 years; 31 [63.3%] men) receiving alirocumab who did not reach the target low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations despite the ongoing optimal lipid-lowering therapy. In all patients, the initial level of lipids was evaluated, as well as their parameters after subsequent alirocumab injections.Results. LDL-C serum level significantly decreased after the first injection compared to the initial level from 2.92±0.22 to 1.65±0.19 mmol/L (p&lt;0.001; Δ45.31±3.61%) and down to 1.74±0.17 mmol/L for the entire study period (p&lt;0.001; Δ41.52±2.69%). The change in LDL-C level between injections did not show statistically significant differences (p=0.141). A direct strong statistically significant correlation between the LDL-C level after the first injection and its average values for the entire observation period was found (r=0.958, p&lt;0.001).Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that the PCSK9 inhibitor, alirocumab, in patients who need secondary prevention of CVD shows a significant additional decrease in the concentration of LDL-C after the first injection. At the same time, approximately half of the patients were able to achieve the recommended levels of LDL-C. The persistence of the achieved low LDL-C levels over time demonstrated that the average concentration of LDL-C during the observation corresponded to the values after the first injection. This finding shows that there is no need for constant monitoring of lipid metabolism parameters when prescribing such therapy

First-line treatment of EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by gefitinib

e19088 Background: Gefitinib shows outstandingly high rates of clinical benefit in NSCLC pts with EGFR mutation and is better tolerable than conventional chemotherapy, therefore its consideration for the upfront treatment is warranted. Methods: 21 chemonaive pts with inoperable NSCLC were selected based on the presence of EGFR mutation in the tumor DNA (16 exon 19 deletions and 5 T858G substitutions). All cases were adenocarcinomas; median age: 60 years (range: 36 - 81 years); males/females: 6/15; ECOG PS 0/1/2/3: 4/10/6/1. Gefitinib was administered at conventional dose 250 mg/d. Results: The overall disease control rate was 95% (CR: 2/21; PR: 11/21; SD: 7/21). Complete responses were observed only in tumors with exon 19 deletion, whereas the only patient with disease progression had codon 858 substitution. Grade III toxicity occurred only in 3 pts (2: skin rash; 1: diarrhea). Time to disease progression ranged from 2+ to 18 months. 3 pts achieved an operable status of the disease upon the treatment, and therefore were subjected to surgical intervention followed by adjuvant gefitinib therapy. Conclusions: Gefitinib may be considered as the treatment of choice for chemonaive EGFR mutation-containing inoperable NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose. </jats:p