La lúdica como medio de mejoramiento y fortalecimiento de la sana convivencia escolar.

Los dos sistemas tradicionales de educación, la familia y el sistema educativo, han perdido su liderazgo como formadores de las nuevas generaciones y no por una falta de compromiso, sino porque estos espacios los han venido ganando los medios de comunicación y las nuevas tecnologías. Es necesario que la escuela y la familia se apropien nuevamente de esta tarea, generando estrategias que permitan crear en los hijos y estudiantes una estructura de pensamiento que les permita mantener unas buenas y sanas relaciones consigo mismos, con los demás y con su entorno

Generation and efficacy assessment of a chimeric antigen E2-CD154 as a marker Classical Swine Fever Virus subunit vaccine produced in HEK 293 and CHO K1 mammalian cells

The E2 glycoprotein is the major antigen that induces neutralizing and protective antibodies in CSFV infected pigs, thus a marker vaccine based on this antigen appears to be the most promising alternative to induce a protective immune response against CSFV. However, the structural characteristics of this protein state the necessity to produce glycoprotein E2 in more complex expression systems such as mammalian cells. In this study, we use a lentivirus-based gene delivery system to establish a stable recombinant HEK 293 and CHO K1 cell line for the expression of E2 fused to porcine CD154 as immunostimulatory molecule. In a first experiment, E2his and E2-CD154 were compared in an immunization trial. The average antibody titers in E2his immunized pigs was in the range of 30-40% of blocking and the average antibody titers for E2-CD154 are above 40% at day 14, meaning that the chimeric antigen is able to raise antibodies at positive levels in a shorter time. Additionally, the blocking rate of E2his vaccinated group in ELISA ranged between 66-88% and in the E2-CD154- vaccinated groups ranged between 86-92%, one week after booster immunization. The NPLA antibody titers also increased greatly. Later on, the protective capacity of purified E2-CD154 glycoprotein was demonstrated in a challenge experiment in pigs using a biphasic immunization schedule with 25 and 50 μg. The immunized animals developed neutralizing antibodies that were protective when the animals were faced to a challenge with 105 LD50 of ‘‘Margarita’’ CSFV highly pathogenic strain. No clinical signs of the disease were detected in the vaccinated pigs. Unvaccinated pigs in the control group exhibited symptoms of CSF at 3–4 days after challenge and were euthanized from 7–9 days when the pigs became moribund. These results indicate that E2-CD154 produced in recombinant HEK 293 and CHOK1cell line is a high quality candidate for the development of a safe and effective CSFV subunit vaccine. In the next steps, pilot and production scale, E2-CD154 expression levels should be increased in 10 to 50 fold, arriving to a very attractive productive platform for an implementation of a commercial subunit vaccine against CSF

Preliminary phytochemical study of three Cuban species of Erythroxylum

Se realizó la evaluación fitoquímica preliminar de hojas de Erythroxylum areolatum L., E. suave Lunan y E. havanense, Jacq., colectadas en diferentes épocas en varias localidades de la provincia de Pinar del Río, Cuba. Se encontró correspondencia de la composición de metabolitos presentes (alcaloides, flavonoides, fenoles-taninos, triterpenos- esteroides) entre las especies evaluadas y los reportes bibliográficos para el género, tanto para el material vegetal crudo como para los extractos acuosos e hidroalcohólicos. Por otro lado, se observó variación en la presencia de los metabolitos en dependencia de la época de toma de muestras para las especies de estudio.Three species of the Erythroxylum: E. areolatum L., E. suave Lunan and E. havanense Jacq., were selected in order to search for new bioactive compounds The phytochemical composition of the leaves collected in different times and in several places of Pinar del Río Province, Cuba, was studied. It was found agreement between the composition of the metabolites studied (alkaloids, flavonoids, fenoles-tannins, triterpenes-steroids) for each species and the information reported in the literature. A relationship between the period of the year and the presence of certain compounds was also observed for the species studied.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Preliminary phytochemical study of three Cuban species of Erythroxylum

Se realizó la evaluación fitoquímica preliminar de hojas de Erythroxylum areolatum L., E. suave Lunan y E. havanense, Jacq., colectadas en diferentes épocas en varias localidades de la provincia de Pinar del Río, Cuba. Se encontró correspondencia de la composición de metabolitos presentes (alcaloides, flavonoides, fenoles-taninos, triterpenos- esteroides) entre las especies evaluadas y los reportes bibliográficos para el género, tanto para el material vegetal crudo como para los extractos acuosos e hidroalcohólicos. Por otro lado, se observó variación en la presencia de los metabolitos en dependencia de la época de toma de muestras para las especies de estudio.Three species of the Erythroxylum: E. areolatum L., E. suave Lunan and E. havanense Jacq., were selected in order to search for new bioactive compounds The phytochemical composition of the leaves collected in different times and in several places of Pinar del Río Province, Cuba, was studied. It was found agreement between the composition of the metabolites studied (alkaloids, flavonoids, fenoles-tannins, triterpenes-steroids) for each species and the information reported in the literature. A relationship between the period of the year and the presence of certain compounds was also observed for the species studied.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Safety and immunogenicity of the FINLAY-FR-1A vaccine in COVID-19 convalescent participants: an open-label phase 2a and double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b, seamless, clinical trial

BACKGROUND: A phase 1, clinical trial to evaluate FINLAY-FR-1A vaccine in COVID-19 convalescent individuals was completed. Here, we report results of the phase 2, clinical trial. METHODS: We studied 450 convalescent participants with a history of asymptomatic, mild, or moderate COVID-19 at the National Institute of Hematology and Immunology and the National Centre for Sexual Education in Havana, Cuba. The study included adults aged 19-78 years who had recovered from COVID-19 and had had a negative PCR test at least 2 months before the initiation of the study. Phase 2 was done sequentially in two stages. The first stage to assess safety comprised an open, non-controlled phase 2a study in participants aged 60-78 years who received a single dose of the FINLAY-FR-1A vaccine (50 μg of recombinant dimeric receptor binding domain [RBD]). The second stage comprised the placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2b trial in participants aged 19-78 years, where participants were randomly assigned (4:1) into two groups: an experimental group vaccinated with a single dose of the FINLAY-FR-1A vaccine, and a control (placebo) group injected with vaccine excipient. The primary outcomes were safety, evaluated 28 days after vaccination by the occurrence of serious adverse events in all participants, and successful immune response, assessed by neutralising antibody ELISA, and defined as half-maximal surrogate virus neutralisation titres of 250 or more. Secondary endpoints included vaccine immunogenicity assessed by ELISA anti-RBD and live-virus neutralisation test. All randomly assigned participants were included in the safety analysis (safety population), and immunogenicity was evaluated in participants without study interruptions (per-protocol population). The trial is registered with the Cuban Public Registry of Clinical Trials, RPCEC00000366-En and WHO-ICTRP and is complete. FINDINGS: From April 9, 2021, to April 17, 2021, 663 COVID-19 convalescent participants were enrolled in the study; 213 participants did not meet the selection criteria and 450 volunteers were recruited. 20 participants aged 60-78 years were included in the open, single-group, phase 2a study and 430 participants were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=344) or control groups (n=86) in the phase 2b study of participants aged 19-78 years. 19 (95%) of 20 phase 2a volunteers achieved a successful immune response after vaccination. No vaccine-associated serious adverse events were reported in the whole study population. Minor adverse events were found, the most common being pain at the injection site (105 [29%] of 364 in the intervention group; 13 [15%] of 86 in the placebo group). A successful immune response was found in 289 (81%) of 358 participants 28 days after vaccination. The vaccine elicited a greater than 31-times increase in anti-RBD-IgG antibodies compared with prevaccination rates, and the seroconversion rate was 302 (84%) of 358 on day 28 after vaccination; the geometric mean titres of live-virus neutralisation test increased from 15·4 (95% CI 10·3-23·2) to 400·3 (272·4-588·1) and high response was found against alpha, beta, and delta variants of concern. INTERPRETATION: A single dose of the FINLAY-FR-1A vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 strengthened the pre-existing natural immunity, with excellent safety profile. FUNDING: Cuba's Ministry of Science, Technology, and Environment

Memorias IX Congreso Geológico Venezolano (1)

Memorias del IX Congreso Geológico Venezolan