11,058 research outputs found
President\u27s Note
Our annual conference has developed a pattern of high quality sessions and great opportunities for learning and fellowship. Woodie Moore has a rich history of ACL conference participation, planning, and coordination. He is imminently qualified to host us with excellence. More details are available elsewhere in this journal issue and on the ACL conference Web page- http:/ !www.acl.org/conference.htm. I look forward to seeing many of you at Evangel University in June
Taking the High Road: Protecting Open Space Along America's Highways
Examines the environmental impacts of road construction and the spiraling of land prices along new roads, and promotes best practices for linking land use and road construction. Includes success stories and recommendations for policymakers
Consumption inequality and partial insurance
This paper examines the transmission of income inequality into consumption inequality and in
so doing investigates the degree of insurance to income shocks. Panel data on income from the
PSID is combined with consumption data from repeated CEX cross-sections to identify the degree
of insurance to permanent and transitory shocks. In the process we also present new evidence of
the growth in the variance of permanent and transitory shocks in the US during the 1980s. We find
some partial insurance of permanent income shocks with more insurance possibilities for the college
educated and those nearing retirement. We find little evidence against full insurance for transitory
income shocks except among low income households. Tax and welfare benefits are found to play
an important role in insuring permanent shocks. Adding durable expenditures to the consumption
measure suggests that durable replacement is an important insurance mechanism, especially for
transitory income shocks
Consumption inequality and partial insurance
This paper uses panel data on household consumption and income to evaluate the degree of
insurance to income shocks. Our aim is to describe the transmission of income inequality into
consumption inequality by contrasting shifts in the cross-sectional distribution of income growth
with shifts in the cross-sectional distribution of consumption growth. We combine panel data on
income from the PSID with consumption data from repeated CEX cross-sections. The results point
to some partial insurance but reject the complete market restrictions. We find a greater degree
of insurance for transitory shocks and differences in the degree of insurance over time and across
demographic groups. We also document the importance of durables and of taxes and transfers as
a means of insurance
Imputing consumption in the PSID using food demand estimates from the CEX
In this paper we discuss an empirical strategy that allows researchers to impute consumptiondata from the CEX to the PSID. The strategy consists of inverting a demand for food equationestimated in the CEX. We discuss the conditions under which such procedure is successful inreplicating the trends of the first two moments of the consumption distribution. We argue thattwo factors appear to be empirically relevant: accounting for differences in the distribution offood expenditures in the two data sets, and accounting for the presence of measurement error inconsumption data in the CEX. In this paper we discuss an empirical strategy that allows researchers to impute consumptiondata from the CEX to the PSID. The strategy consists of inverting a demand for food equationestimated in the CEX. We discuss the conditions under which such procedure is successful inreplicating the trends of the first two moments of the consumption distribution. We argue thattwo factors appear to be empirically relevant: accounting for differences in the distribution offood expenditures in the two data sets, and accounting for the presence of measurement error inconsumption data in the CEX
Partial insurance, information,and consumption dynamics
This paper uses panel data on household consumption and income to evaluate the degree ofinsurance to income shocks. Our aim is to describe the transmission of income inequality intoconsumption inequality. Our framework nests the special cases of self-insurance and the completemarkets assumption. We assess the degree of insurance over and above self-insurance throughsavings by contrasting shifts in the cross-sectional distribution of income growth with shifts in thecross-sectional distribution of consumption growth, and analyzing the way these two measures ofhousehold welfare correlate over time. We combine panel data on income from the PSID withconsumption data from repeated CEX cross-sections in a structural way, i.e. using conventionaldemand analysis rather than reduced form imputation procedures. Our results point to some partialinsurance but reject the complete markets restriction. We find a greater degree of insurance fortransitory shocks and differences in the degree of insurance over time and across education. Wealso document the importance of durables and of taxes and transfers as a means of insurance. This paper uses panel data on household consumption and income to evaluate the degree ofinsurance to income shocks. Our aim is to describe the transmission of income inequality intoconsumption inequality. Our framework nests the special cases of self-insurance and the completemarkets assumption. We assess the degree of insurance over and above self-insurance throughsavings by contrasting shifts in the cross-sectional distribution of income growth with shifts in thecross-sectional distribution of consumption growth, and analyzing the way these two measures ofhousehold welfare correlate over time. We combine panel data on income from the PSID withconsumption data from repeated CEX cross-sections in a structural way, i.e. using conventionaldemand analysis rather than reduced form imputation procedures. Our results point to some partialinsurance but reject the complete markets restriction. We find a greater degree of insurance fortransitory shocks and differences in the degree of insurance over time and across education. Wealso document the importance of durables and of taxes and transfers as a means of insurance
Charged Particle Motion in a Highly Ionized Plasma
A recently introduced method utilizing dimensional continuation is employed
to compute the energy loss rate for a non-relativistic particle moving through
a highly ionized plasma. No restriction is made on the charge, mass, or speed
of this particle. It is, however, assumed that the plasma is not strongly
coupled in the sense that the dimensionless plasma coupling parameter
g=e^2\kappa_D/ 4\pi T is small, where \kappa_D is the Debye wave number of the
plasma. To leading and next-to-leading order in this coupling, dE/dx is of the
generic form g^2 \ln[C g^2]. The precise numerical coefficient out in front of
the logarithm is well known. We compute the constant C under the logarithm
exactly for arbitrary particle speeds. Our exact results differ from
approximations given in the literature. The differences are in the range of 20%
for cases relevant to inertial confinement fusion experiments. The same method
is also employed to compute the rate of momentum loss for a projectile moving
in a plasma, and the rate at which two plasmas at different temperatures come
into thermal equilibrium. Again these calculations are done precisely to the
order given above. The loss rates of energy and momentum uniquely define a
Fokker-Planck equation that describes particle motion in the plasma. The
coefficients determined in this way are thus well-defined, contain no arbitrary
parameters or cutoffs, and are accurate to the order described. This
Fokker-Planck equation describes the longitudinal straggling and the transverse
diffusion of a beam of particles. It should be emphasized that our work does
not involve a model, but rather it is a precisely defined evaluation of the
leading terms in a well-defined perturbation theory.Comment: Comments: Published in Phys. Rep. 410/4 (2005) 237; RevTeX, 111
Pages, 17 Figures; Transcription error corrected in temperature equilibration
rate (3.61) and (12.44) which replaces \gamma-2 by \gamma-
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