Antiboitic susceptibility pattern of common uropathogens isolated at a tertiary care hospital of Bihar

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are amongst the most common infections encountered in clinical practice. The present study was undertaken to assess the current antibiotic resistance pattern in the common uropathogens isolated in a tertiary care hospital in south India. Material & Methods: A secondary data analysis was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Jan Nayak Karpuri Thakur Medical College, Madhephura, Bihar, India, for the samples collected during January 2019 to December 2019. Samples received included mid-stream clean catch urine, suprapubic aspirate, urine collected from Foley's catheter and from the nephrostomy tube under sterile precautions, in patients who had undergone percutaneous nephrostomy. Samples were processed and isolates were identified as per standard methods. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare different groups. Statistical software SPSS 16.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used to analyse the data. Results: Data from a total of 1000 consecutive urine samples received in the dept during the period of data collection were included in the study. Of these, 680 (68%) were sterile, 180 (18%) showed significant growth, 20 (2%) showed insignificant growth and 120 (12%) were found contaminated. Of the 180 culture positives, E. coli was the most common isolate. The percentage of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp, Pseudomonas spp, Staphylococcus spp, Enterococcus faecalis was higher in patient females and patients with history of prior treatment with antibiotics, compared to the rest. Almost three-fourth of all E.coli isolates were found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin resistance was comparatively less among the other Gram-negative uropathogens like Pseudomonas spp, Proteus spp and K. pneumoniae as mentioned. Resistance to the aminoglycosides, amikacin and gentamicin was also considerable especially among isolates of Acinetobacter. Conclusion: The present results in increasing antibiotic resistance trends in UTI patients indicate that it is imperative to rationalize the use of antimicrobials and to use these conservatively

A Study On Prevalence Of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections In A Tertiary Care Facility Of Bihar

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in humans, accounting for more than 150 million cases worldwide. Beyond the initial urinary infection, catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs) can lead to complications including bacteremia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and meningitis. With this background, the current study was designed to provide baseline information of such infections in the hospital and to identify the microbial pathogens associated with these infections. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried by the Department of Microbiology, Jan Nayak Karpuri Thakur Medical College and Hospital, Bihar, from January 2021 to July 2021. Both adult males and females were included in the study group. Before starting the study, the purpose of the study was explained to the subjects, and informed consent was obtained. Approval was acquired from the Ethical Committee. Results: The present study comprised of 150 catheterized urine samples collected with proper aseptic precautions. Mean age of the participating patients was 47.5 years with a standard deviation of 7.2 years. The age range was 17 years to 81 years. The male to female ratio was calculated and approximated to 1.5:1. The incidence rate of CAUTI calculated for this study for ICU and wards were 3.7 and 17.2 per 1000 catheter-days, respectively and catheter utilization ratio was 0.59 and 0.07 in ICU and ward, respectively. Conclusion: The study underscores the pressing need for the development of antimicrobial urinary catheters and their deployment when longer duration of catheter access is required

Abstracts of National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental Biotechnology

This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at the National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental Biotechnology (NCB4EBT-2021) Organized by the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, India held on 29–30 January 2021. This conference is the first of its kind organized by NIT-W which covered an array of interesting topics in biotechnology. This makes it a bit special as it brings together researchers from different disciplines of biotechnology, which in turn will also open new research and cooperation fields for them. Conference Title: National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental BiotechnologyConference Acronym: NCB4EBT-2021Conference Date: 29–30 January 2021Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Indi