The Relationship Between Beam Power and Radio Power for Classical Double Radio Sources

Beam power is a fundamental parameter that describes, in part, the state of a supermassive black hole system. Determining the beam powers of powerful classical double radio sources requires substantial observing time, so it would be useful to determine the relationship between beam power and radio power so that radio power could be used as a proxy for beam power. A sample of 31 powerful classical double radio sources with previously determined beam and radio powers are studied; the sources have redshifts between about 0.056 and 1.8. It is found that the relationship between beam power, Lj, and radio power, P, is well described by Log(Lj) = 0.84 Log(P) + 2.15, where both L_j and P are in units of 10^(44) erg/s. This indicates that beam power is converted to radio power with an efficiency of about 0.7%. The ratio of beam power to radio power is studied as a function of redshift; there is no significant evidence for redshift evolution of this ratio over the redshift range studied. The relationship is consistent with empirical results obtained by Cavagnolo et al. (2010) for radio sources in gas rich environments, which are primarily FRI sources, and with the theoretical predictions of Willott et al. (1999).Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in MNRA

Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in sperm capacitation / acrosome reaction

Capacitation is an important physiological pre-requisite before the sperm cell can acrosome react and fertilize the oocyte. Recent reports from several laboratories have amply documented that the protein phosphorylation especially at tyrosine residues is one of the most important events that occur during capacitation. In this article, we have reviewed the data from our and other laboratories, and have constructed a heuristic model for the mechanisms and molecules involved in capacitation/acrosome reaction

Pure gonadal dysgenesis misdiagnosed as Mayer Rokitansky Kuster Hauser Syndrome: a case report

Gonadal dysgenesis is a group of heterogeneous disorders with very rare presentation. The spectrum of disease not only includes primary amenorrhoea but also secondary amenorrhoea. Herein, we are reporting a case of 16-year-old phenotypic female who presented with amenorrhoea with 46, XX karyotype with hypoplastic uterus with absent ovaries (on imaging), with high gonadotropins level and low estradiol. Suspecting Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome (due to hypoplastic uterus) with gonadal dysgenesis she was started on cyclic hormones for development of secondary sexual characters and to prevent bone loss. But, during follow up, after giving estrogen for 8 months, her hypoplastic uterus again starts reappearing with attainment of cyclic menses on estrogen and progesterone withdrawal. We concluded that, in the presence of rudimentary or hypoplastic uterus, straightforward diagnosis of MRKH is to be avoided without seeing peripheral estrogenisation, hormone profile and karyotype analysis.

Enhancement in biodegradability of distillery wastewater using enzymatic pretreatment

A combined treatment technique consisting of enzymatic hydrolysis, followed by aerobic biological oxidation was investigated for the treatment of alcohol distillery spent wash. The enzyme cellulase was used for the pretreatment step with an intention of transforming the complex and large pollutant molecules into simpler biologically assimilable smaller molecules. Batch experiments were performed in order to analyze the influence of various parameters like pretreatment time, enzyme concentration and pH during the pretreatment step on the subsequent aerobic oxidation kinetics. The rate of aerobic oxidation was enhanced by 2.3 fold for the pretreated sample as compared to the untreated sample when the pH during the pretreatment step was maintained at a value of 4.8. Similarly, a two fold increase in the aerobic oxidation rate was found when the effluent was pretreated with the enzyme, without any pH control (i.e. effluent pH of 3,8). The study indicated that the enzymatic pretreatment of the effluent could be one of the successful pretreatments which can lead to enhancement of the rate of the subsequent aerobic oxidation

Screening of Physical Activity Levels in Older Adults at a Community-Based Health Fair: A Feasibility Study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of activity level screenings in community-based health fairs. Additionally, we assessed relationships between participants’ sociodemographics, health-related factors and self-reported activity levels. Methods: Feasibility was assessed by the time required to conduct screenings and ease of integrating it into the health fair workflow. Physical Therapy students collected responses using Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and the Physical Activity Level (PAL) items from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results:Screenings increased service and wait times. Participants (N=37, mean age=71.5 years) reported a mean of 4.8 fall risk factors, and a mean ABC of 74.7. Twenty-four participants were active more than 2 days per week (64.9%). Eighteen participants reported more than 2 hours of sedentary time daily (47.3%). ABC was significantly less for those reporting vision impairment (p Conclusions: Activity level screening during community-based health fairs may require planning to decrease wait time. Fall risk factors were significantly associated with balance confidence. Balance confidence was not significantly predictive of activity levels. Other fall risk factors may be more predictive of self-reported compliance with activity recommendations

Alterations in plasma membrane of glioblastoma cells by photodynamic action of merocyanine 540

AbstractPhotodynamic action of merocyanine 540 (MC540) on the plasma membrane of human glioblastoma(U-87MG) cells has been investigated. Plasma membrane was labeled with lipid specific probe 1,(4-trimethylammonium),6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. Steady-state anisotropy, decay time and time-dependent anisotropy of TMA-DPH in U-87MG cells have been measured as a function of light dose. A decrease in the steady-state anisotropy and decay time of TMA-DPH in MC540-treated cells was observed upon light irradiation. The time-dependent anisotropy measurements showed a decrease in the limiting anisotropy (r∞) and an increase in the rotational relaxation time (φ) of the probe upon photosensitization of cells. Analysis of these data using wobbling in cone model for probe rotation in the membrane indicated an increase in the cone angle (θc) and a decrease in the order parameter (S). Protein specific probe N-(1-pyrene)-maleimide was used to study the effect of photosensitization on the plasma membrane proteins. An increase in the rotational relaxation time and a decrease in the ratio of excimer to monomer fluorescence intensity of PM was observed on photosensitization. Photodynamic action of MC540 also caused an inhibition of protein SH groups and Na+-K+-ATPase activity of plasma membrane. Our results demonstrate that the photodynamic action of MC540 decreases the order of the lipid bilayer and reduces the mobility of the proteins in the plasma membrane of cells

Fetal outcome in maternal near miss, retro-prospective study at tertiary centre

Background: Women are not dying because of diseases we cannot treat. They are dying because societies are yet to decide that their lives are worth saving. The statement completely comprises the unawareness of the importance of maternal health existing in society. As a result of which, there is still a lag in maternal health progression. As a part and parcel, fetal health is compromised giving rise to poor fetal outcomes. Studying fetal outcomes in such near-miss cases establishes a relationship between them.Methods: A retro-prospective observational study, conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Study involves all women who are very ill pregnant or recently delivered women who nearly died but survived a complication during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy and their fetal outcome during study period of 18 months.Results: In a study of 3604 deliveries, MNM cases were 107 births. The MNM IR was 30/1000 live births, and the most common determinant leading to near-miss is hypertensive disorders followed by hemorrhage. Total perinatal mortality was 439 with a PNMR of 125/1000 births. Among the 107 near-miss cases perinatal mortality was seen in 29 pregnancies contributing to 6.6% of the total PNMR.Conclusions: Fetal outcome improves with improvement in maternal health, as the maternal morbid condition is directly proportional to fetal outcome. This requires identifying and filling up gaps in the maternal health system to improve women’s health, further reducing fetal morbid conditions and consumption of neonatal resources

Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with hepatitis E infection

Background: HEV infection, a major public health concern, is known to cause large-scale epidemic and sporadic cases of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries. The infection occurs primarily in young adults and is generally mild and self-limiting; however, the case fatality rate is reportedly higher among pregnant women.Methods: Our study, a retrospective observational study, was conducted in a tertiary care center for over a period of 3 years (January 2017 to January 2020) to find out the fetal and maternal outcome in pregnant women with HEV infection.Results: A total of 38 antenatal cases with anti-HEV IgM-positive were included, and the maternal-fetal outcome was analyzed. The maternal mortality was 52.63 % especially during 3rd trimester and post-partum period, including 5 antenatal death. The most common maternal complication was acute fulminant hepatitis (39.5 %), DIC (36.8 %) and hepatic encephalopathy (31.6%). Prematurity (33.3% of total live births) and Still births (32.3 %) including 4 freshes still births were the commonest fetal complications noted.Conclusions: Our study shows that pregnant woman with acute viral hepatitis due to hepatitis E virus infection had a high mortality rate especially during 3rd trimester and post-partum period with poor obstetric and fetal outcome