IDENTIFIKASI JENIS POHON FAMILI PODOCARPACEAE PADA HUTAN PEGUNUNGAN ATAS DI GUNUNG BAWANG KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG KALIMANTAN BARAT

Mount Bawang is one of the protected forest areas in Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan with an altitude reaching 1.471 masl. Mount Bawang belongs to the type of tropical rain forest which is overgrown by various species of plants with high species diversity. The forest in Gunung Bawang has a zone of upper mountain forest vegetation which is a habitat for tree species from the family Podocarpaceae. Podocarpaceae family tree species can grow in humid forest conditions, dominating the upper mountain forests, mountainous scrublands, and some in the swamp and scorch forest. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the morphology of tree species from the Podocarpaceae family on Mount Bawang. The method used in this study is an exploration method that is carried out by exploring the ridge at an altitude of 1.100-1.400 masl, then taking samples of the herbarium. Based on the results of the study found 5 species of trees from the family Podocarpaceae. These species are Dacrydium xanthandrum, Falcatifolium falciforme, Podocarpus borneensis, Podocarpus neriifolius, and Phylocladus hyphophyllus. The morphological characteristics of the Podocarpaceae family are generally needle-leafed, leafy mesophyll, thick, upright stems sometimes bent, and have seed-bearing organs in the form of conifers.Keyword: Bengkayang Regency, Mount Bawang, Podocarpaceae, Upper Mountain Forest

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS CAPUNG DI KAWASAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA PONTIANAK

Dragonfly is an indicator to environment and ecosystem in a particular area. It is also known as a balancing predator to another insects’ population. Various types of dragonfly are affected by some factors such as habitat conditions and the foods. Various types of dragonfly can be found in swamland, rice fields, flooded area, and also some locations around Universitas Tanjungpura. This research aims to convey information about various types of dragonfly in the area of universitas tanjungpura and also to define the index of variety of dragonfly types (H), equalization index (e), domination index (D), and species similarity (IS). This research took two weeks of fieldwork by applying purposive sampling, which was started from 5th – 15 th  April, 2018. Where the researcher is free to down each location seen from the large number of dragonflies are found. Then each location specified each plot with a distance of 15 meters each point of view of forming a circle pattern diameter 30 meters. The researcher found that 16 type of dragonfly consist of 13 type categorized as Subordo Anisptera and 3 type categorized as Subordo Zygoptera. The 13 Subordo Anisoptera consist of 12 types in libellulidae family and 1 type in Gomphidae family. The other 3 Subordo Zygoptera are in the the categoryof Coenagrionidae. This research shows that the role of dragonfly as a bioindicator and the predator of particular environment. Ecologically, Universitas Tanjungpura is indicated to have deficient environment in terms of the population growth of dragonfly in ecological ecosystem.Keywords: Dragonfly Habitat, Insects, Universitas Tanjungpur

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN PAKAN ORANGUTAN (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) DI KAWASAN HUTAN KONSERVASI PT. KAYUNG AGRO LESTARI (KAL) KABUPATEN KETAPANG

Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) are endemic to the island of Borneo whose existence is threatened with extinction. As a result of its population which has continued to decline over the past few decades, the International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) raised the status of Bornean orangutans from endangered to critical (Critically endangered). The study was conducted in the conservation forest area of PT. Kayung Agro Lestari (KAL) District Ketapang. This study aims to determine the diversity of species of feed for orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus Wurmbii) and to determine the availability of feed for orangutans in their original habitat. The method used is purposive sampling by making a double plot that is placed randomly at the location found in the type of orangutan feed. The results of this study found as many as 38 types of plants, 30 species are food sources and 8 species are not sources of feed. Analysis of the Important Value Index (INP) data of the largest value at all growth rates for tree level and seedlings was dominated by jungkang type (Palaquium leiocarpum) with a value of 33.83% and 54.01%. The level of the pole is dominated by the type of guava change (Syzygium sp1) with a value of 26.69%, while for the stake level is dominated by the type of pandanus (Pandanus sp) with a value of 47.67%.Keywords: Feed, Orangutan, Species diversit

AKTIVITAS SOSIAL ORANGUTAN (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) DI STASIUN PENELITIAN CABANG PANTI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG PALUNG KABUPATEN KAYONG UTARA KALIMANTAN BARAT

Diverse types of habitat were interesting objects which existed in the Cabang Panti Research Station, due to it, the researcher was interested to investigate about Orangutan’s activities in one type of habitat and the researcher focused on Orangutan’s social activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the social behavior of orangutans in the Research Station cabang panti gunung palung national park in Kayong Utara District, West Kalimantan. The used method was focal animal sampling, a method of observing and recording the behavior of one individual over a certain period of time while the object must be visible during observation and the data collection in this study focused on adult male and / or female orangutans as the objects in the study. The length of observation time of the target orangutan in this study was  + 13 hours per day for 5 days by concerning the daily activities of orangutans from waking up to sleeping. Based on the results of the observed object, there were 2 individuals namely Walimah which was an adult female and Julian which was an adult male. Overall, during the observations, the two individuals were following each other, the target orangutan “Walimah” had high eating activities throughout the day reaching 41,31% followed by movement activities 25,18%, then resting 23,18%, self-action 9,96%, and social activity 0,37%. While the target orangutan "Julian" carried out high resting activities throughout the day reaching 40,15% followed by eating activities 28,45%, movement 22,71%, self-action 7,73%, and social activity 0,97%.Keywords: Cabang Panti, Orangutan, Social Activit

ANALISIS KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ANGGREK ALAM (Orchidaceae) PADA HUTAN LINDUNG GUNUNG SEMAHUNG DESA SAHAM KECAMATAN SENGAH TEMILA KABUPATEN LANDAK

The forest is a whole ecosystem in the form of land with natural resources dominated by trees in communion with the natural environment, which cannot be separated from each other. Orchid is one of the natural resources whose biodiversity should be maintained, not only as a constituent of tropical forest cosystems but also because they have many benefits and the potential to be managed and developed for its high valuea. The purpose of this study is to assess the diversity of species of orchids (Orchidaceae) found in the protected areas of Gunung Semahung of Saham village Subdistrict of Sengah Temila in Landak Regency. This study is expected to provide information about the species of natural orchids (Orchidaceae) and as consideration for the protection, preservation and management of natural orchid resources in the forest area. The method used was a survey method by means of double plots. The determination of the polts was conducted purposively and observation plots were made with the plot size of 20 x 50 meters. The results showed that in the protected forest area of Gunung Semahung there were as many as 20 species of orchids, 19 species are ephiphytic orchids and 1 species of terrestrial orchid. The total number of individuals of orchids on tree types of forest habitat was as many as 419 individuals. Based on the analysis of species diversity, the total species diversity index of the three types of forest habitats in the protected forest areas of Gunung Semahung had high levels of species diversity because the community is composed of many types with the same species abundance. Keywords: forest, orchid, and species biodiversit

PERILAKU MAKAN DAN JENIS PAKAN ORANGUTAN(Pongo pygmaeus) DI YAYASAN INTERNATIONAL ANIMAL RESCUE INDONESIA (YIARI) KABUPATEN KETAPANG KALIMANTAN BARAT

Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is one of primate in Indonesia, the only species of great ape that could be found in Asia. Orangutan included in the IUCN list of endangered species category. The decreasing orangutan population is caused by various factors, however, the organization of International Animal Rescue Foundation Indonesia (YIARI) Ketapang gave much concerned and active to jointly maintain and conserve orangutans to avoid extinction. This study aims to determine feeding behavior and the food type for orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) in the International Animal Rescue Foundation of Indonesia, Ketapang. Methods: Observations were made using the Focal Animal Sampling method. Based on the results and discussion, adult orangutans Joni, Pino and adolescents Gembar are more dominant in terms of mastery of the feed that is provided above the platform, while the child orangutan Vijai and Lisa are not too dominant. There are 15 kinds on food that is provided, and watermelon was the most favorite and also 17 kinds of food that the could get from the nature as the Ficus sp. was the most favorite. The most dominant orangutan feeding behavior is sitting, meal times ranging from 6:20 to 18:30 o'clock pm on the platform as the most dominant position.Keywords: Feeding behavior, Orangutans, West Borne

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS PAKU-PAKUAN (Pteridophyta) EPIFIT DI LINGKUNGAN ARBORETUM SYLVA UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA PONTIANAK

The purpose of this study was to examine and record the diversity of epiphytic ferns in the environment of the Sylva Arboretum of Tanjungpura University Pontianak. The benefit of this research is provide information on the diversity and benefits of epiphytic ferns for human life. Sylva Arboretum University of Tanjungpura has a variety of plant diversity that lives in it, especially ferns that need to be studied to provide information that is very important to know. This research began on May 19 to June 9, 2017 with the survey method with the line technic (long as of 60 m x 5 m) each line didived into 6 plots. Based on the results this study found 3 species of epiphytic ferns from the polypocidae family. Species of ferns that found are bird nest nails (Asplenium nidus), dragon scales (Drymoglossum piloselloides) and closed nails (Davilia denticulata).Keyword : Arboretum Sylva, Diversity, Epipihytes, Pteridophyta

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS SEMUT (Formicidae) DI HUTAN KOTA KABUPATEN KETAPANG KALIMANTAN BARAT

The diversity of ant species is one of the links in ecosystem stability as decomposing insects as well as food sources so that its existence becomes very ecologically important. Information about the types of ants found in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency is not yet available, therefore the problem of this research is how the diversity of ant species (Formicidae) in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency. This study aims to document the richness and diversity of ant species in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan. The method used was purposive sampling and systematic where the placement of traps was carried out according to the presence of ants in terrestrial and arboreal types in secondary forest habitats. Based on the results of research in the urban forest of Ketapang Regency, which was carried out in two types, namely terrestrial type and arboreal type, 10 species of 5 sub-families were found. Sub-families and types of ants found include: Dolichoderinae (Dolichoderus burmanicus, Dolichoderus taprobanae ceramensis), Formicinae (Aphomomyrmex afer, Polirachis browni, Prenolepis fisheri, Chepalotes femoral), Myrmicinae (Crematogester yameni, Crematogester indet), Ponerinae (Odontomachus haematodus), Pseudomyrmecinae (Tetraponera attenuata). The species diversity index (H') in terrestrial type secondary forest habitat (H'= 0.62) and arboreal type (H'= 0.81), the results of the two types in the secondary forest can be concluded that it is still relatively low.Keywords: Ants, Secondary forest habitat, Species diversit