Development of single step RT-PCR for detection of Kyasanur forest disease virus from clinical samples

Background: Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), a tick borne flavivirus, which was earlier endemic to Karnataka state, India, has been confirmed and detected from neighboring states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Goa and Kerala states in India. Increased human and vector surveillance therefore becomes essential for the identification of KFD affected regions and control of further spread of the disease. Currently, available KFD detection assays include realtime RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR assays. Here we describe the development of a sensitive single step RT-PCR assay for the detection of KFD viral RNA. This can be easily used in any BSL-2 laboratory for screening of KFD suspected cases or for differential diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic fever panel. Method: Three primer sets were designed and checked for sensitivity using known dilutions of KFD viral RNA (Ranging from 106 copies to 10 copies). The primer set (2) was found to be most sensitive was selected and tested for specificity for Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) by testing against zika, dengue, chikungunya, crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), yellow fever, japanese encephalitis (JE) and west nile viruses. A total of 104 samples (human, monkey and tick positive and negative samples) were tested using this assay. Result: No false positive or false negative results were seen for human, monkey or tick samples. The assay was specific for KFD and could detect upto 100 copies of KFD viral RNA. Discussion and conclusion: The previously published sensitive real time RT-PCR assay requires higher cost in terms of reagents and machine setup and technical expertise has been the primary reason for development of this assay. A single step RT-PCR is relatively easy to perform and more cost effective than real time RT-PCR in smaller setups in the absence of Biosafety Level-3 facility. This study reports the development and optimization of single step RT-PCR assay which is more sensitive and less time-consuming than nested RT-PCR and cost effective for rapid diagnosis of KFD viral RNA

Experimental Analysis of different shaped ribs on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics

There are number of applications such as gas turbines, solar air heating, electronics cooling and heat exchangers, where internal cooling passage is observed. For heat transfer augmentation inside these cooling passages different techniques are used like dimpled surface, wings and ribs. Ribs are used in most of the devices for internal cooling. The ribs disturb the boundary layer and increase the turbulent kinetic energy which enhances the heat transfer rate. Most of the researchers concentrate on square and rectangular shaped ribs. The cross section of the rib plays important role in the production of flow field. The shape of ribs affects on boundary layer separation, attachment and hot spots created. In the present paper heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics from rib roughened rectangular duct with different shapes of ribs were investigated. The experimental set up consists of rectangular channel of aspect ratio 4. The pitch to width ratio was varied as 5, 7.5 and 10 respectively. The Reynolds number was varied as 6000 to 30000. The ribs used for the investigations were square, house and boot shaped. From the investigations it is observed that boot shaped rib is having higher thermal performance than other two geometrie

Abstracts of National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020

This book presents the abstracts of the papers presented to the Online National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020 (RDMPMC-2020) held on 26th and 27th August 2020 organized by the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Science in Association with the Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. Conference Title: National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020Conference Acronym: RDMPMC-2020Conference Date: 26–27 August 2020Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology JamshedpurCo-organizer: Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, IndiaConference Sponsor: TEQIP-