Biochemical Study of Freshwater Fish Catla catla with Reference to Mercury Chloride

Toxic activity of mercury chloride was tested in vivo on fresh water fish Catla catla. Acute toxicity testswere conducted to measure the impact of toxicity on the fishes within a short period at the variousconcentrations of HgCl2 (0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3mg/L). The protein and carbohydrate were estimatedusing Anthrone by standard methods and enzymes such as Na+-K+ , Mg2+ and Ca2+ adenoxidetriphosphatases were determined caloriemetrically. Depletion of protein was observed at all exposureperiods. The biochemical estimation values of carbohydrates in muscle, intestine and brain showedsignificant values with P<0.05. The activity of Mg2+ adenoxide triphosphatases in muscle, intestine andbrain was studied and the maximum depletion was observed at 96h, 72h and 72h, respectively. Regardingactivity of Ca2+ adenoxide triphosphatases in muscle, the maximum depletion of this enzyme activity inmuscle was observed at all exposure periods, except 96h. In intestine, enzyme activity was graduallydecreased in all exposure and an increase was found during 96h. In brain, the enzyme activity wasobserved at all exposure periods except 96h

Adsorption of rhodamine B by acid activated carbon-Kinetic, thermodynamic and equilibrium studies

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from an indigenous waste by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing Rhodamine B (RDB). The parameters studied include agitation time, initial dye concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order kinetics and the rate is mainly controlled by intra-particle diffusion. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Qm) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plots were 40.161, 35.700, 38.462 and 37.979 mg/g respectively at an initial pH of 7.0 at 30, 40, 50 and 60 0C. The temperature variation study showed that the RDB adsorption is endothermic and spontaneous with increased randomness at the solid solution interface. Significant effect on adsorption was observed on varying the pH of the RDB solutions. Almost 85% removal of RDB was observed at 60 0C. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms obtained, positive ?H0 value, pH dependent results and desorption of dye in mineral acid suggest that the adsorption of RDB by Banana bark carbon involves physisorption mechanism. </div

Malachite Green Dye Removal Using the Seaweed Enteromorpha

Malachite green adsorption from an aqueous solution onto activated Enteromorpha carbon has been studied experimentally using batch adsorption method. Adsorption kinetics and equilibrium were investigated as a function of initial dye concentration, pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage. Kinetics studies indicated that the adsorption followed pseudo second order reaction. Equilibrium data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption capacity of Enteromorpha was found to be 94.74%. On the basis of experimental results and the model parameters, it can be inferred that the carbonaceous Enteromorpha is effective for the removal of malachite green from aqueous solution