Quantification of urine semaphorin 3A in different forms AKI and diabetes in mouse.

<p>Semaphorin 3A was quantified using ELISA kit as described in Methods. A. Semaphorin 3A in urine from animals subjected to sham surgery (0 hr) and different time after reperfusion. Ischemia reperfusion rapidly increased urinary excretion of semaphorin 3A. *<i>p</i><0.005 vs. 0 hr. B. Serum creatinine at different time after reperfusion. *<i>p</i><0.001 vs. 0 hr. C. Semaphorin 3A excretion in urine before and different time after cisplatin administration. Cisplatin administration significantly increased the excretion of semaphorin 3A at 24, 48 and 72 hr. *<i>p</i><0.005 vs. 0 hr. D. Serum creatinine at different time after administration of cisplatin. *<i>p</i><0.05. Values are mean ± SEM. n = 6–8.</p

Regulation of semaphorin 3A expression and excretion after ischemia reperfusion injury of the kidney.

<p>A. Western blot analysis of semaphorin 3A excretion in mice urine before (0 hr) and at different time point after reperfusion. A large increase was detected at 6 hr and 24 hr after reperfusion. B. Serum creatinine levels before and different time after ischemia reperfusion of the kidney. *<i>p</i><0.001 vs. 0 hr. C. Semaphorin 3A expression in kidney tissue was analyzed by Western Blot. A single 95 KDa band was observed and increased expression seen at 24 hr. D. RT-PCR analysis of semaphorin 3A expression in the kidney after ischemia reperfusion. Semaphorin 3A mRNA expression is downregulated at 6 and 24 hr after reperfusion of the kidney. *<i>p</i><0.001 vs. sham operated. E. Graphic representation of known protease (Furin like) cleavage site and expected band of semaphorin 3A. F. Proteolytic cleavage of semaphorin 3A <i>in vitro</i>. 250 ng of recombinant semaphorin 3A-Fc chimera was incubated with 10 µl of human urine for 1 hr at 37°C (lane 1), in the presence of 20 mM EDTA (lane 2), human urine alone (lane 3) and recombinant semaphorin 3A alone. Proteolytic release of smaller fragments of semaphorin 3A was inhibited with addition of EDTA. Values are mean ± SEM. n = 3–5.</p

ROC curve analysis for urinary semaphorin at 2 hours after cardiac surgery.

<p>The values 109.8, 492.1, and 910.0 are urinary semaphorin concentrations (in picograms per milligram urine creatinine) at 2 hours after CPB, which correspond to 96% sensitivity, optimal sensitivity and specificity, and 97% specificity, respectively.</p

Spearman correlation coefficients of semaphorin 3A with clinical characteristics.

a<p><i>P</i>≤0.05.</p>b<p><i>P</i>≤0.002.</p

Descriptive statistics of patient characteristics.

<p>Means ± standard deviation (SD) are reported for continuous measures, percentages are reported for categorical variables.</p>a<p>Welch modified two-sample <i>t</i> test.</p>b<p>Fisher exact test.</p

Quantification of serum semaphorin 3A in different forms AKI and diabetes in mouse.

<p>Semaphorin 3A was quantified using ELISA kit as described in Methods. A. Circulating levels of semaphorin 3A before and different time after cisplatin administration. Cisplatin administration was significantly upregulated semaphorin 3A in the blood. *<i>p</i><0.005 vs. 0 hr. B. Circulating levels of semaphorin 3A in sham operated (0 hr) and different time after reperfusion. Ischemia reperfusion rapidly downregulated circulating semaphorin 3A. *<i>p</i><0.005 vs. 0 hr. Values are mean ± SEM. n = 4–6.</p

Plasma NGAL measurements obtained using TriageNGAL device at various time points after CPB

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predicts acute kidney injury, morbidity and mortality after pediatric cardiac surgery: a prospective uncontrolled cohort study"</p><p>http://ccforum.com/content/11/6/R127</p><p>Critical Care 2007;11(6):R127-R127.</p><p>Published online 10 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2246223.</p><p></p> AKI was defined as a 50% increase in serum creatinine from baseline. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation. *< 0.0001 comparing AKI versus no AKI groups. AKI, acute kidney injury; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

Mean and peak uNGAL concentrations according to presence or absence of sepsis

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is an early marker of acute kidney injury in critically ill children: a prospective cohort study"</p><p>http://ccforum.com/content/11/4/R84</p><p>Critical Care 2007;11(4):R84-R84.</p><p>Published online 2 Aug 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2206519.</p><p></p> Shown are box plots of peak urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) concentrations in patients with and without sepsis, by pRIFLEmax strata, and mean uNGAL concentrations in patients with and without sepsis. pRIFLE, pediatric modified Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End Stage Kidney Disease; pRIFLEmax, the worst pRIFLE stratum attained; uNGAL, urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

Biomarker levels and the risk of death.

<p>*Mortality Rate per 1000 patient-years adjusted for site.</p

Impact of storage time on selected urine biomarker levels.^*

<p>Impact of storage time on selected urine biomarker levels.^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0164832#t003fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}</p