Patogenisitas Virus Tungro pada Varietas Tetua Padi Tahan Tungro

Tungro is one of the major diseases in rice which has become a constraint in increasing rice production in Indonesia. Tungro is caused by infection of two different viruses, i.e. Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV), both of which can only be transmitted by green leafhoppers Nephotettix virescens (Distant) in a semipersistent manner. Since there is an indication of the existance of virulence variation of tungro viruses from different areas and the specific relationship between resistance of varieties and tungro viruses isolates, it is important to study the pathogenicity of tungro viruses from some endemic areas in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the pathogenicity of tungro viruses from several endemic areas in Indonesia in some resistant varieties. One susceptible variety i.e. TN1 and ten resistant varieties were used in the study. Surveys and collection of infected plants and green leafhoppers were done in tungro endemic areas, namely West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Artificial transmission using the test tube method was used in the pathogenicity test. Green leafhoppers caught from the field were used as transmitters.. The pathogenicity of tungro viruses were identified by the values of the incidence of tungro and the diseases indexes (DI). The result showed that difference in pathogenicity of tungro viruses in some resistant varieties was observed. Isolates from Central Java, Central Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara were able to infect all of resistant varieties and the pathogenicity of Central Java isolate was the highest among the other isolates

Variasi Genetik Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) dari Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Nusa Tenggara Barat, dan Sulawesi Tengah

Tungro merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada padi yang menjadi kendala dalam peningkatan produksi padi di Indonesia. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh infeksi dua virus yang berbeda secara serologis, yaitu Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) dan Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) yang hanya dapat ditularkan oleh wereng hijau, terutama Nephotettix virescens (Distant) secara semipersisten. Informasi keragaman genetik virus tungro diperlukan sebagai pertimbangan dalam pengendalian penyakit tungro menggunakan varietas tahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keragaman genetik RTBV dari tiga daerah endemis virus tungro di Indonesia berdasarkan sekuen basa nukleotida dan asam amino pada open reading frame 2 (ORF2). Isolat RTBV dikoleksi di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Nusa Tenggara Barat, dan Sulawesi Tengah dengan cara penularan virus tungro secara buatan pada bibit padi varietas TN1 menggunakan wereng hijau hasil tangkapan dari lapangan. Analisis homologi sebagian sekuen DNA ORF2 RTBV menunjukkan bahwa ketiga isolat memiliki variasi kesamaan basa nukleotida dan asam amino, berturut-turut 94-98% dan 97-100%. Ketiga isolat berbeda jauh dengan isolat dari negara lain dengan tingkat kesamaan genetik 77-95% berdasarkan sekuen basa nukleotida dan 82-98% berdasarkan sekuen asam amino. Keragaman dan hubungan kekerabatan genetik ketiga isolat RTBV tidak berkorelasi dengan perbedaan geografis asal isolat. Adanya keragaman genetik antarisolat RTBV mengindikasikan bahwa berbagai strategi penggunaan varietas tahan perlu dilaksanakan untuk menjaga durabilitas ketahanan padi

GANDUM

X, 276 hal.; 24 c

Gandum : Peluang Pengembangan Di Indonesia

x, 267 hlm.: ilus.; 25 c

Padi, Jagung, dan Kedelai Unggul Baru Toleran Dampak Perubahan Iklim

viii, 20 hlm.; ilus.; 16 cm

Corn-seed Technology: A Study of a New Technology Introduce to Farmer Using Importance Performance Analysis

The effort to increase hybrid maize in Indonesia is one of the government's crucial programs. Given that multinational companies still master hybrid corn seed technology, farmers need to become independent seed producers with the introduction of technology. Despite the difficulty level of technology, capital and resources are limited. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of hybrid corn seed technology using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) approach in the demonstration plot of maize nurseries in Kendal Regency in 2018-2019. We surveyed at the end of 2019 activities to 33 farmers and 12 assisting officers. The result of this research is the level of interest suitability and technology performance of hybrid corn seeds of 82.61 percent. The average competent value of interest is 4.39, and the performance value is 3.63. Three attributes that have a high level of significance, but whose performance is not yet optimal are rouging, detasselling, and machine seed processing. In the future, evaluate the three attributes as an effort to produce quality hybrid maize seeds at the farmer level on a large scale that can be activated

The Effectiveness of The Dissemination Method on Soybean Technology Innovation

The study aims to analyze the increase in farmers' knowledge and attitudes to technological innovations in soybean production using the dissemination method. The study was carried out from October 2020 to January 2021 by combining the dissemination of meetings information and technology demonstrations in the Grobogan Regency. Data collection used a survey before (pre-test) and after (post-test) evaluation in the dissemination implementation. Respondents were determined using purposive sampling, 35 cooperative farmers in disseminating soybean technology innovation activities. The data were descriptively analyzed using the average value, percentage, and paired sample t-test. The enhancement of farmers' knowledge is analyzed based on the percentage of correct answers by farmers. Changes in farmers' attitude-response are implemented into a radar graph. The study results showed that after attending meetings information and technology demonstrations, the farmers' knowledge of soybean production technology increased by 21.1%. The pre-test results showed that farmers already had a positive attitude and response to soybean production technology, with an average score of 2.64. The post-test results showed that farmers' positive attitudes and responses increased, with an average score of 2.84

Petunjuk Teknis Pengendalian Tungro Terpadu Secara Alamiah, Konservasi Musuh Alami, dan Varietas Unggul Padi Tahan Tungro

Dalam buku ini dijelaskan tentang pengendalian penyakit tungro pada tanaman padi. Penjelasannya meliputi pengenalan penyakit tungro dan wereng hijau; 9 tahapan pengendalian penyakit tungro dengan teknik konservasi musuh alami mulai dari tahap mengolah lahan pertama 3 minggu sebelum tanam, penggunaan varietas tahan tungro hingga pengeturan ketersediaan air; deskripsi varietas tahan tungro; serta peta tingkat virulensi dan kesesuaian varietas tahan tungro pada tanaman padi di Indonesia tahun 2014.vi, 30 hlm.; ilus.: 22 c