Education and the Pandemic: Engaging in Epistemic Humility to Question Assumptions, Institutions, and Knowledges

Education systems are the formal institutionalisations of the knowledges and values our societies privilege, who they privilege, how, and on what terms. They are imbued with assumptions. These assumptions inform how systems are structured. The pandemic has exposed existing global and local inequalities, non-binary dynamics of inclusion and exclusion, and dysfunctions of education systems. This paper argues that the global scale and severity of the education disruption challenges taken-for-granted distinctions that privilege systems of the ‘West’ as referential for ‘the Rest’. It argues that the existing overarching technicist knowledge regime is inadequate for recovery, and proposes an alternative approach

Adjusting to Trade Opening: The Case of Labor Share in India\u27s Manufacturing Industry

The objective of this paper is to study how manufacturing plants in India adjusted to trade liberalization during the period 1998–99 to 2007–08. We estimate how the labor share changed due to tariff reduction. Our results indicate that a decline in output tariffs led to an increase in the labor share of income. In contrast, a fall in input tariffs led to a decrease in the labor share. Controlling for factor intensity, we find that in technology intensive and human capital resource intensive sectors, both a decline in input and output tariff rates led to a decline in labor share. A fall in tariffs only led to an increase in labor share for labor intensive and low-technology plants. Hence, India’s bias towards capital and technology intensive production explains the overall decline in labor share in the post reform period. Furthermore, the empirical results show that labor adjustment occurred more efficiently in Indian states with flexible labor laws

Laboratory Study on a Warm Bituminous Mixx

About 80%of road network in India comprises of flexible pavement in which Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is used in the bituminous layer. Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is helpful in certain situations when the problems associated with HMA may be reduced. Warm mix asphalt lowers the mixing emperatures at which asphalt pavement materials are mixed and laid on road. The advantages of WMA are reduced emissions, improved workability and reduced energy consumption. In addition, it provides easier compaction in longer haul distances and extreme weather conditions. In this study, an experimental investigation has been carried out involving a warm mix chemical additive which can be easily available.To decide the optimal concentration of additive for DBM mix, Warm Mix has been prepared by using additive with VG 30 at varying mixing temperatures of 110°C, 120°C, 130°C and 140°C. As per the specifications of MORTH, Marshall samples are prepared using dense bituminous macadam (DBM) grading and afterward Marshall properties were studied with optimum mixing temperature and optimum binder additive composition. It was observed thatthe DBM warm mix with additive provided higher indirect tensile strength (ITS) and higherMarshall stability with other reasonable satisfactory Marshall parameters. The retained stability and tensile strength ratio are also found to be reasonably satisfactory in such warm mixes. The resulting warm mixes are also observed to be quite comparable to the Control HMA

Implications of Functional Limitations in Older Cancer Survivors A Medicare Beneficiary Survey

Implications of Functional Limitations in Older Cancer Survivors A Medicare Beneficiary Surve

Secure Group Communication in Delay Tolerant Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) are well-known for delivering various types of information from different senders in a multicast manner, both in centralised and decentralised networks. Wireless mobile nodes form small networks in which one or more senders transmit data to one or more destinations through intermediate nodes. DTN routing protocols differ from traditional wireless routing protocols. There are security threats in DTNs, such as blackhole attackers dropping data, jamming attacks consuming bandwidth, and Vampire attacks depleting battery power and available bandwidth. This paper proposes a prevention scheme to detect and mitigate all three types of attackers in multicast communication. These attackers can impact performance by generating false replies, flooding with redundant information, and wasting communication power. The primary focus of this paper is on security issues related to DTN routing protocols. In order to counter malicious nodes, a blacklist is maintained, and if a neighbour identifies a node as malicious, it excludes packets from that node. Meanwhile, the neighbour continues sending packets to the malicious node, except for broadcast packets, which are dropped. If a node is found to forward no packets or only some packets by all its neighbours, any reply it gives to route requests is disregarded, and any request it initiates is ignored. Successful data reception at the destination indicates that hop-based data delivery maintains a record of successful transmissions. The proposed security scheme demonstrates improved performance