The role of open reduction and internal fixation in the treatment of the intercondylar fractures of humerus

Background: Inter-condylar fractures represent one of the most complicated and challenging fractures in the upper extremity. The results of managing these fractures non-operatively are limited by failure to get anatomical reduction and early mobilization, which often results in painful stiff elbow and/or pseudo-arthrosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate and analyse the role of open reduction and internal fixation in inter-condylar fractures of distal humerus.Methods: The present study was done in Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences between June 2014 and June 2017. Out of 34 cases of intercondylar fractures of humerus admitted during the period, 25 patients were selected for the study that satisfied our inclusion criteria. Three patients out of those selected could not be included in the study as one had cardiac issues pre-operatively, one refused surgery and one was lost to follow up.Results: Our study included 22 patients, 14 male and 8 female patients. Their average age was 41.4 years. The fractures were classified as per the AO classification. There were B1-3, B2-1, C1-6, C2-5, C3-7 fractures. Both compound and closed fractures were included. All the patients were operated by posterior olecranon Chevron osteotomy approach by a senior faculty member. Twenty two patients who satisfied our inclusion criteria were treated, followed up and the results analyzed using Cassabaum’s scale of elbow function we had 86% of excellent to good results. Our results are comparable with other similar studies.Conclusions: Posterior olecranon approach was found to be of most satisfactory approach by us. It allows good exposure of the joint and the ulnar nerve

Interaction of Oleate Molecules on Sillimanite and Garnet minerals.

Adsorption of oleate on sillimanite and garnet was studied using electrokinetic measurements. Both the systems exhibit a characteristic shift in iep by increasing the concentration of oleate in solution. This shift in iep has been quantified in terms of specific interaction between the surface sites and oleate molecules. The shift in iep was estimated separately for both the systems using the equation derived on the basis of electrical double layer theory. The specific free energy of adsorption was estimated to be 7.94 kcal/mole for sillimanite-oleate system and 7.49 kcal/mole for gamet-oleate system

Cemented hemi arthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly

Background: The incidence of the intertrochanteric fractures is increasing in recent times. It is found that more and more of these fractures are seen in elderly. The treatment of these fractures was historically non surgical. The use of dynamic hip screw and angled blade plate in the surgical management of these fractures is a recent practice. The objective of the study was to analyse the role of cemented hemi-arthroplasty in the treatment of unstable inter trochanteric fractures in elderly.Methods: This study was conducted between June 2014 to June 2016. Results were analysed prospectively. From a total 94 inter trochanteric fractures admitted during this period 20 patients were chosen who fulfilled our inclusion criteria. All the patients were treated in Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences. Primary cemented hemiarthroplasty was done in the entire patient by a senior faculty member. The results were assessed according to Harris hip score.Results: There were 13 females and 7 males in our study. The average age was 69.2 years. There was Evan’s type 1-c 11, 1-d 7 and 1-e 2 in numbers all the patients were followed up for a period of 18 months.Conclusions: In our short study, it is concluded that the primary cemented hemi arthroplasty is a good option in unstable inter trochanteric fractures in elderly

Acoustical-Mode-Driven Electron-Phonon Coupling in Transition-Metal Diborides

We show that the electron-phonon coupling in the transition-metal diborides NbB2 and TaB2 is dominated by the longitudinal acoustical (LA) mode, in contrast to the optical E_{2g} mode dominated coupling in MgB2. Our ab initio results, described in terms of phonon dispersion, linewidth, and partial electron-phonon coupling along Gamma to A, also show that (i) NbB2 and TaB2 have a relatively weak electron-phonon coupling, (ii) the E_{2g} linewidth is an order of magnitude larger in MgB2 than in NbB2 or TaB2, (iii) the E_{2g} frequency in NbB2 and TaB2 is considerably higher than in MgB2, and (iv) the LA frequency at A for TaB2 is almost half of that of MgB2 or NbB2.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, and 1 tabl

Studies on the Flotation of Mixed Oxide-Sulphide Ores of Copper from Malanjkhand Deposit India.

Bench scale experiments on the benefition of a mixed oxide-sulphide ore of copper from Malanjkhand deposit of Hindusthan Copper Limited, India conducted with certain modifications in collector systems within the limits of existing plant operating conditions yielded better metallurgical results. Sodium isopropyl xanthate (IPX) and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC) were tried as collectors along with modifiers, such, as, sodium silicate,Magnafloc guargum, and were optimised. All the variables such as concentration, pH of the slurry were stematically studied. Improved metallurgical results were obtained with isopropyl xanthate in combination with sodium silicate guargum at pH 9.0. The results were also equally good with dithiocarbamate,a chemisorbing collector

Geochemical assessment of a siliceous limestone sample for cement making

A low grade siliceous limestone sample from the Jayantipuram mine of Andhra Pradesh, India, has been investigated for its suitability for cement making. Petrological as well as X-ray diffraction pattern studies indicated that the limestone sample was crystalline and dominantly composed of calcite and quartz. They are simple in mineralogy, and yet they have variable silica and lime contents. Geochemical analysis results of twenty five hand picked samples indicated that the limestone from the Jayantipuram mine shows a wide range of variations in LOI (29.94% to 40.64%), SiO2 (6.14% to 27.18%), CaO (37.93% to 50.78%), Al2O3 (0.49% to 2.27%) and Fe2O3 (0.28% to 2.4%). MgO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2 and MnO2 are present in traces. CaO with LOI shows a strong positive correlation where as CaO with SiO2 shows a strong negative correlation because of mineralogical factors. The chemical composition of the limestone reflects its mineralogical composition. The distribution of various elements in the acid-soluble fraction has been studied by the factor analysis method in order to interpret in terms of their mineralogy, sedimentary environment and diagenesis. Mineralogy, recrystallization and other diagenetic changes are the main factors affecting the distribution of the elements and their mutual relationships in the limestone. The aim of this paper is also to analyze how significantly the two parameters, silica modulus and lime saturation factor, influence this low grade siliceous limestone sample from the Jayantipuram mine of Andhra Pradesh, India, for the cement making process from the geochemical data

Significance of APTT as early predictor of bleeding in comparison to thrombocytopenia in dengue virus infection

Background: Dengue is a systemic viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus. Dengue Fever (DF) is characterized by fever, headache, muscle or joint pain, and rash. The spectrum of dengue virus infection spreads from an undifferentiated fever and dengue fever (DF) to dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) with shock. Factors responsible for bleeding manifestations in dengue are vasculopathy, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Coagulopathy results in derangement of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) which is an indicator of impending bleeding risk.Methods: A prospective study was conducted from June to December in 2017 in R L Jalappa Hospital. Patients aged above 18 years with febrile thrombocytopenia who are positive for dengue virus serology (NS1Ag and/ or IgM) were included in the study. Serial daily monitoring of platelet count and analysis of APTT levels were done. APTT was considered abnormal if it was more than 33.8s. Patients were followed up for evidence of leaking and bleeding manifestations.Results: Out of 170 patients 28.1% patients had bleeding manifestations. Bleeding signs were seen on clinical examination in 52.37% of patients. capillary leak was found in the form of Pleural effusion in 35.3%, Ascites in 41.2% and Periorbital edema in 31.2% of patients. Elevated APTT levels were seen in 110(64.7%) patients. Among patients with abnormal APTT platelet transfusion was done in 78.9% of patients, and among those with normal APTT levels platelet transfusion was done in 21.1% of patients.Conclusions: Our study showed significant correlation between bleeding manifestations and prolonged APTT levels as well as thrombocytopenia with abnormal APTT levels. Study concluded that 21.1% of platelet transfusions could have been prevented considering prolonged APTT as a predictor of bleeding manifestation, thus saving the resources and reactions due to platelet concentrate transfusion

Effect of administration of rifampicin on the adrenocortical function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Adrenocortical function was studied on admission and during treatment in 57 newlydiagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 16 of whom were treated with a daily regimen containing Rifampicin (R-7), 22 with a twiceweekly regimen containing the same drug (R-Z) and 19 with a daily regimen that did not contain Rifampicin (NR-7). In patients on daily treatment (R-7 and NR-7), there was a slight increase in plasma cortisol at 1 week followed by a decline; while the mean level at 4 weeks was similar to that on admission in the R-7 patients, that in the NR-7 patients was significantly lower (P < 0.01). No change was observed in the R-2 patients. A positive response to tetracosactrin was observed in the 7 R-7, 14 R-Z and 7 NR-7 patients on admission and in 6, 14 and 14, respectively at 4 weeks. The increase in the proportion of positive responders in the NH-7 patients was significant (P = 0.05). On admission, the diurnal rhythm of the release of cortisol, as assessed by changes in salivary cortisol, was disturbed in the patients with an evening rise in the cortisol levels; it had, however, reverted to a near-normal pattern after 2 months of treatment in all 3 groups of patients