Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Multimedia Interaktif Terintegrasi Dengan Lks Pokok Bahasan Hukum Newton Tentang Gerak Kelas X Sma/ma

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran fisika berbasis multimedia interaktif dengan menggunakan software adobe flash dan XML pada pokok bahasan Hukum Newton tentang gerak; (2) mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran fisika berbasis multimedia interaktif menggunakan software adobe flash dan XML pada pokok bahasan Hukum Newton tentang gerak yang dikembangkan; (3) mengetahui pencapaian hasil belajar siswa setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran menggunakan media pembelajaran fisika berbasis multimedia interaktif terintegrasi dengan lembar kerja siswa hasil pengembangan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) yang mengacu pada model yang dikemukakan oleh Sugiyono. Kelayakan media divalidasi oleh ahli materi, ahli media dan praktisi. Subjek Ujicoba penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X SMA N 3 Sukoharjo tahun akademik 2013/2014 sebanyak 43 siswa dengan rincian 10 siswa sebagai subjek ujicoba produk dan 33 siswa sebagai subjek ujicoba pemakaian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan: (1) media pembelajaran fisika berbasis multimedia interaktif terintegrasi dengan lembar kerja siswa berhasil dikembangkan dengan menggunakan Software Adobe Flash dan XML dengan hasil produk dikemas dalam keping CD yang didalamnya berisi software utama media dan beberapa file pendukung dari media tersebut. Media disajikan dengan dua pembagian materi yaitu materi pembelajaran dan materi penjelasan yang diproteksi serta berisi bank soal yang dapat diupdate. Media pembelajaran dikembangkan dengan mengacu pada langkah yang diberikan oleh Sugiyono dan telah tervalidasi; (2) media pembelajaran fisika berbasis multimedia interaktif terintegrasi dengan lembar kerja siswa yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dengan kategori baik; (3) pencapaian hasil belajar peserta didik setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran menggunakan media pembelajaran fisika berbasis multimedia interaktif terintegrasi dengan lembar kerja siswa mengalami peningkatan pada aspek pengetahuan

Effect of different types of exercise on health-related quality of life during and after cancer treatment: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION: Cancer (and survival) is known to affect the quality of life. Strategies as physical activity and exercise during and after cancer may improve health-related qualify of life (HRQOL) outcomes and are, therefore, of clinical and public health importance. To the best of our knowledge, comparative evidence of the effect of the different types of exercise on improving HRQOL in cancer patients has not been synthesised thus far. We aim to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis in order to synthesise all available evidence regarding the effect of different types of exercise interventions on HRQOL during and after cancer treatment. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus will be searched from inception to December 2018 for relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs. Studies assessing physical activity and exercise interventions in cancer patients (during treatment) and survivors (after treatment) will be selected. Two independent reviewers will identify eligible studies. After quality appraisal and data extraction, we will conduct meta-analyses for outcomes of interest, including data from mental and physical dimensions of cancer-specific and/or generic HRQOL questionnaires. Risk of bias assessments will be completed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Study heterogeneity will be measured by the I2 statistic. Bayesian (and traditional approach) network meta-analysis will be performed when possible to determine the comparative effect of the different physical activity or exercise interventions. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review and network meta-analysis will synthesise evidence on the effect of different types of exercise interventions on HRQOL during and after cancer treatment. The results will be disseminated by publication in a peer-reviewed journal and through scientific conferences and symposia. Ethical approval will not be required because the data used for this work will be exclusively extracted from published studies

The association between water intake, body composition and cardiometabolic factors mong children - The Cuenca study

Higher consumption of water (ml)/kg per weight was negatively associated with BMI, body fat, fat-free mass, waist circumference, insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and positively with HDL cholesterol in children independently of age, sex and cardiorespiratory fi tness. In addition, overweight-obese children drank less water (ml)/kg per weight than normoweight ones. Therefore, water consumption is associated with numerous health benefi ts and its adequate intake could contribute to prevent obesity and metabolic syndrome in childhood

Effectiveness of Respiratory Muscle Training for Pulmonary Function and Walking Ability in Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Background: Neurological dysfunction due to stroke affects not only the extremities and trunk muscles but also the respiratory muscles. Aim: to synthesise the evidence available about the effectiveness of respiratory muscle training (RMT) to improve respiratory function parameters and functional capacity in poststroke patients. Methods: a systematic electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, PEDro and Web of Science databases, from inception to May 2020. Study selection and data extraction: randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of RMT versus non-RMT or sham RMT in poststroke patients. We extracted data about respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity (walking ability, dyspnea, balance, activities of daily life), characteristics of studies and features of RMT interventions (a type of RMT exercise, frequency, intensity and duration). Two reviewers performed study selection and data extraction independently. Results: nineteen RCTs met the study criteria. RMT improved the first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and walking ability (6 min walking test), but not Barthel index, Berg balance scale, and dyspnea. Conclusions: RMT interventions are effective to improve respiratory function and walking ability in poststroke patients.Diana P. Pozuelo Carrascosa is contracted by FEDER funds (2019/7375). This research was funded by a grant from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (DOCM 19/02/20)].Ye

Effectiveness of Body Weight-Supported Gait Training on Gait and Balance for Motor-Incomplete Spinal Cord Injuries: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Objective. This review aims to analyse the effectiveness of body weight-supported gait training for improving gait and balance in patients with motor-incomplete spinal cord injuries. Method. Relevant articles were systematically searched in electronic databases to identify randomised controlled trials of body weight-supported gait training (either with methods of robotic, manual, and functional electrical stimulation assistance) versus conventional physical therapy or no intervention. Subjects were >16 years-old with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury (AIS C or D). Primary outcomes were gait-related parameters (functionality, endurance, and speed) and balance. Quality of life was included as a secondary outcome. Articles were selected up to 31 December 2023. Results. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 673). Nine studies used robotic assistance, four trials performed manual assistance, one study functional electrical stimulation assistance, and one trial performed the intervention without guidance. Robot-assisted body weight-supported gait training improved walking functionality (SMD = 1.74, CI 95%: 1.09 to 2.39), walking endurance (MD = 26.59 m, CI 95% = 22.87 to 30.31), and balance (SMD = 0.63, CI 95% = 0.24 to 1.02). Conclusions. Body weight-supported gait training is not superior to conventional physiotherapy in gait and balance training in patients with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury. However, body weight-supported gait training with robotic assistance does improve walking functionality, walking endurance, and balance, but not walking speed

Barriers and Facilitators Perceived by Spanish Experts Concerning Nursing Research: A Delphi Study

The identification of research priorities in line with current health needs and nursing competencies is a priority. Nevertheless, barriers and facilitators perceived by nurses to performing nursing research have scarcely been investigated. The main aim of this study was to explore the situation in nursing research in Spain, as perceived by Spanish experts. A Delphi study technique in two phases was applied using an online survey tool. A panel of 20 nursing experts in nursing, teaching and management positions participated. The strengths highlighted were the possibility of reaching the PhD level, the possibility of receiving continuous training in research methodology, and access to scientific knowledge through the Internet. The weaknesses identified were the lack of Spanish nursing journals in which to publish the research results, the lack of funding in nursing care research, and the lack of connection between the healthcare institutions and the university. According to the experts, elements that could enhance leadership in research are the creation of nursing research units in hospitals, the economic recognition of nurses with PhDs, and considering research work as part of their daily tasks in clinical settings. The idea of being subordinated to physicians still remains in nurses’ ways of thinking

Multimodality respiratory physiotherapy reduces mortality but may not prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia or reduce length of stay in the intensive care unit: a systematic review

Question: In intubated adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation, does multimodality respiratory physiotherapy prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia, shorten length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and reduce mortality? Design: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Participants: Intubated adult patients undergoing mechanical ventilation who were admitted to an intensive care unit. Intervention: More than two respiratory physiotherapy techniques such as positioning or postural drainage, manual hyperinflation, vibration, rib springing, and suctioning. Outcomes measures: Incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), duration of ICU stay, and mortality. Results: Five trials were included in the meta-analysis. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) for length of ICU stay and pooled risk ratio (RR) for incidence of VAP, and fixed-effects model was used to calculate pooled RR for mortality. The effect on the incidence of VAP was unclear (RR 0.73 in favour of multimodality respiratory physiotherapy, 95% CI 0.38 to 1.07). The effect on length of stay was also unclear (WMD –0.33 days shorter with multimodality respiratory physiotherapy, 95% CI –2.31 to 1.66). However, multimodality respiratory physiotherapy significantly reduced mortality (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.92). Conclusion: Multimodality respiratory physiotherapy appeared to reduce mortality in ICU patients. It was unclear whether this occurred via a reduction in the incidence of VAP and/or length of stay because the available data provided very imprecise estimates of the effect of multimodality respiratory physiotherapy on these outcomes. These very imprecise estimates include the possibility of very worthwhile effects on VAP incidence and length of ICU stay; therefore, these outcomes should be the focus of further investigation in rigorous trials. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018094202. [Pozuelo-Carrascosa DP, Torres-Costoso A, Alvarez-Bueno C, Cavero-Redondo I, López Muñoz P, Martínez-Vizcaíno V (2018) Multimodality respiratory physiotherapy reduces mortality but may not prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia or reduce length of stay in the intensive care unit: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy 64: 222–228] Key words: Respiratory physical therapy, Meta-analysis, Mortality, Prevention, Ventilator-associated pneumoni

Health-Related Quality of Life in Levothyroxine-Treated Hypothyroid Women and Women without Hypothyroidism: A Case-Control Study

The use of levothyroxine is not always related to the elimination of the symptoms of hypothyroidism. The aim of this study is to compare the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of a group of hypothyroid women under levothyroxine treatment with that of a group of non-hypothyroid women. Methodology: A case–control study was performed. We used convenience sampling. The case group consisted of 152 levothyroxine-treated hypothyroid women; the control group consisted of 238 women without hypothyroidism disorders. All of the participants were euthyroid according to the clinical practice guidelines. We used as instruments the Short Form-12 questionnaire (SF-12v1) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Hypothyroid women scored significantly lower in HRQOL in SF-12v1 mental and physical components than the control group (mental component summary: 41.23 ± 12.12 vs. 46.45 ± 10.22, p < 0.001; physical component summary: 49.64 ± 10.16 vs. 54.75 ± 5.76, p < 0.001). body mass index (BMI) and age showed an influence on the physical component (p < 0.001 in both variables). Adjusted for age and BMI, hypothyroidism was still related to worse scores (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Despite being euthyroid, women with hypothyroidism showed a poorer quality of life than women without hypothyroidism. Health professionals need to assess the HRQOL of women with hypothyroidism. Further research on HRQOL and hypothyroidism is needed.This research was funded by a grant from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF; Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), DOCM 26/02/20).Ye

Maintenance of Maternal Breastfeeding up to 6 Months: Predictive Models

Background: There is evidence of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) but main taining EBF for the minimum recommended time of 6 months is challenging. Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of breastfeeding types in a Spanish setting, explore the influencing factors, and analyze the relationships between the reasons for EBF cessation and the EBF durations achieved. Method: This longitudinal descriptive study included 236 healthy children with standard weight followed up by the public health system. A baseline survey and three telephone interviews (1, 3, and 6 months) were conducted. Results: The prevalence of EBF at 6 months was 19.49%. The mean age of the mothers was 32.3 (±5.3). The variables influencing EBF maintenance were the prior decision to practice EBF (p = 0.03), the belief that EBF is sufficient (p = 0.00), not offering water or fluid to the child (p = 0.04), delaying pacifier use (p < 0.001), a longer gestation time (p = 0.05), and previous experience with practicing EBF for more than 6 months (p = 0.00). The reason for the earliest EBF cessation (mean 52.63 ± 56.98 days) was the mother’s lack of self-efficacy (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Knowing the reasons for EBF cessation among mothers is important for helping mothers and preventing early weaning. A safe environment and support can prevent early weaning.This research was funded by a grant from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), (DOCM 26/02/20)).Ye

Body position for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia for critically ill patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The evidence about the best body position to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is unclear. The aim of this study was to know what the best body position is to prevent VAP, shorten the length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, and reduce mortality among patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV). We performed a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials including intubated patients undergoing MV and admitted to an ICU. The assessed interventions were different body positions (i.e., lateral, prone, semi-recumbent) or alternative degrees of positioning in mechanically ventilated patients. Semi-recumbent and prone positions showed a risk reduction of VAP incidence (RR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.25-0.52) and mortality (RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.50-0.91), respectively, compared to the supine position. The ranking probabilities and the surface under the cumulative ranking displayed as the first best option of treatment the semi-recumbent position to reduce the incidence of VAP (71.4%), the hospital length of stay (68.9%), and the duration of MV (67.6%); and the prone position to decrease the mortality (89.3%) and to reduce the ICU length of stay (59.3%). Cautiously, semi-recumbent seems to be the best position to reduce VAP incidence, hospital length of stay and the duration of MV. Prone is the most effective position to reduce the risk of mortality and the ICU length of stay, but it showed no effect on the VAP incidence. Registration PROSPERO CRD42021247547