Nano-curcumin: A Potent Enhancer of Body Antioxidant System in Diabetic Mice.

Nano preparation of drug to be helpful in targeted delivery, which avoids any unwanted damage of adjacent healthy tissues. Antidiabetic compounds from natural and synthetic sources have been found to successful management of diabetes. Antioxidants are compound that protect cell against the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Curcumin has many beneficial effects against health problems; it has limited use due to its poor bioavailability as concluded by number of its pharmacokinetic studies. Since the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of curcumin nanoparticles (Nano-curcumin) on antioxidative enzymes i.e Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) in pancreas of diabetic mice. For the present investigation mice (Mus musculus) used as experimental animal. Mice were divided into four groups viz, a) Control group b) Diabetic group c) Recovery group I- Diabetic mice treated with curcumin d) Recovery group II - Diabetic mice treated with curcumin and nano-curcumin. The activity of antioxidative enzymes in the pancreas was recorded at the end of experiment. There was decrease in antioxidative enzymes in pancreas of diabetic mice compared to control. After the treatment of curcumin and curcumin nanoparticles significant increase in levels of antioxidative enzymes in recovery group I and II was observed. Moreover as compare to free curcumin nano-curcumin showed better results in enhancement of antioxidative enzymes. Thus it proves that nano-curcumin found to be potent antioxidative compound to reduced oxidative stress induced during the diabetes.

Morphology‐Controlled Molybdenum Disulfide/Candle Soot Carbon Composite for High‐Performance Supercapacitor

Facile assembly of robust electrodes with excellent electrochemical performances is still challenging yet consequential for supercapacitor applications. Although molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has versatile properties, restacking of molybdenum layers and poor intrinsic conductivity restrict to explore it for electrochemical applications. Herein to address these challenges, we utilized candle soot derived carbon to fabricate MoS2/Carbon (C) nanocomposite through a simple hydrothermal synthesis method. The prepared composite delivered specific capacitance of 452.7 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 Ag−1 in 3 M KOH electrolyte and profound capacity retention and coulombic efficiency of 94.8% and 93.7% after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles respectively. Furthermore, we fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor device using MoS2/C as the positive electrode and candle soot derived carbon as a negative electrode (MoS2/C // C) which showed excellent energy and power density values with an impressive capacitance retention of 100% over 10,000 cycles. The exceptional electrochemical performance of MoS2/Carbon composite thus indicates the potential application for high-performance supercapacitor devices. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Pseudocapacitance induced candle soot derived carbon for high energy density electrochemical supercapacitors: Non-aqueous approach

The commercialization aspect in electric double layer capacitors is highly dependent on source of carbon, its purity, and the specific capacitance with unique deliverable for proficient charge storage. Here, we report synthesis of interconnected mesoporous spherical carbon by direct flame synthesis using candle wax for symmetric supercapacitors with the non-aqueous approach. The heat treated candle soot (CST) at 450 °C results in a high purity carbon with the improved surface area of 608 m2 g−1 also the majority of pores in the range of 1–10 nm, which is ideal for charge storage in supercapacitors. The highest capacitance of 64 and 88.2 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 was obtained for 1 M TEABF4 in acetonitrile and EMIM BF4, respectively. A stability up to 82–85% can be achieved for 5,000 charge-discharge cycles. CST as a potent electrode material successfully delivered highest specific energy of 14 and 28 Wh kg−1 and specific power of 12.5 and 15 kW kg−1 in 1 M TEABF4 in ACN and EMIM BF4 electrolytes, respectively

Carbon Nanosheets Decorated Activated Carbon Derived from Borassus Flabellifer Fruit Skin for High Performance Supercapacitors

Here, we present an ingenious approach to convert bio-waste into porous carbon to fabricate a working electrode for the development of sustainable energy storage devices. Carbonization of Borassus Flabellifer fruit skin (BFFS) in an inert atmosphere was followed by KOH activation to synthesize partially graphitic carbon nanosheets attached to the porous carbon. Surface chemistry and porosity were tuned by varying the carbonization and activation temperature to achieve excellent control of the studied physiochemical properties. The as-obtained ABFFS-derived porous carbon exhibited a specific surface area of 1750 m2 g−1 with distinctive morphology, showing great prospects for energy storage. The unique content of minerals in BFFS led to a highly porous architecture with a substantial volume fraction having micro- and meso-porosity. Symmetric supercapacitors were fabricated with 1 M H2SO4 and EmimBF4 (ionic liquid) as electrolytes, and the specific capacitance reached values of 202 and 208 F g−1, respectively. The cycling stability of up to 94% at a current density of 2 A g−1 established a fairly stable performance for the supercapacitors based on biomass-derived carbon electrodes, and therefore, confirms the potential of BFFS-derived activated carbon for the advancement of supercapacitors based on bio-waste electrodes. © 2020 The Electrochemical Society (“ECS”)

Borassus flabellifer Fruit Flesh Derived Hierarchical Porous Partly Graphitic Carbon as a Sustainable Electrode for Supercapacitors

The present work provides a straightforward two-step strategy of carbonization, followed by KOH activation, for transforming Borassus flabellifer fruit flesh, one of the cost-effective and sustainable lignocellulose biomass to porous activated carbon for utilization in energy storage systems. The acquired activated Borassus flabellifer fruit flesh (ABFF) carbon exhibits features like high surface area (∼1087.8 m2 g-1) with surface functionalities, hierarchical porous morphology (presence of micropores and mesopores), together with some partially graphitic domain, some of the prerequisites for demonstration of excellent electrochemical performance. Taking advantage of the structural features and chemical composition, the ABFF carbon, when assembled in a symmetrical two-electrode configuration, exhibits an impressive specific capacitance of 226 F g-1 and 159 F g-1 in 1 M H2SO4 and neat ionic liquid (IL) EMIMBF4 electrolyte. The as-fabricated symmetric device attained a maximum energy density of 8 Wh kg-1 in the aqueous medium, while an enhanced energy density of 50 Wh kg-1 was achieved in the nonaqueous medium.

Candle Soot Carbon as Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Applications

New forms of carbon nanomaterials for energy storage application are always at a focal point. This review is envisaged the soot derived-carbon nanoparticles (SCNs), which are relatively newer candidates for energy storage applications. These carbon nanoparticles are interlinked and highly ordered with the particle size of nearly 10-50 nm. Due to their nano size, high electrochemically accessible surface area, and excellent electrical conductivity they are used for energy storage applications. From the electrochemical aspect, SCNs offers fast charge-discharge electrode kinetics with desirable specific power in supercapacitor and high capacity at high current densities in the lithium ion battery. In addition, they can be utilized as conductive additives for activated carbon, nucleation and conductive support for redox additives. This review provides an elaborate account of the potential of SCNs as electrode materials with emphasis on physical and electroche

Graphitization induced structural transformation of candle soot carbon into carbon nano-onion as a functional anode for metal-ion batteries

This work reports for the first time the structural transformation of glassy spherical candle soot carbon into graphitic polyhedral carbon nano-onions (multilayer fullerenes) by simple graphitization of candle soot carbon at varying temperatures from 1500 to 2400 °C. This structural transformation of candle soot carbon is thoroughly investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy, with the aid of first-principles calculation based on density functional theory to understand the effect on physiochemical properties. Further, this understanding of structural transformation enables a promising pathway to tune the electrochemical properties of graphitized candle soot carbon to develop it as a functional anode for metal-ion (Li-ion as well K-ion) battery applications. © 2022 The Author(s)

Substantially enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2 nanorods/CdS nanocrystals heterojunction photoanode decorated with MoS2 nanosheets

Two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 nanosheets (NSs) modified 1D TiO2 nanorods/0D CdS nanocrystals (NCs) heterojunction has been fabricated by all solution process as a potential anode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting applications. This heterojunction photoanode shows high photocurrent density of 3.25 mA/cm2 at 0.9 V vs. RHE (0 V vs. Ag/AgCl) compared to the pristine TiO2/CdS photoanode. The influence of MoS2 NSs on PEC performance of TiO2/CdS/MoS2 heterojunction has been systematically investigated. We demonstrate that MoS2 NSs transfer holes from CdS and facilitate further charge separation in TiO2/CdS. Time resolved photoluminescence measurement reveals increase in photoluminescence lifetime due to the presence of MoS2 NSs in TiO2/CdS/MoS2 resulting in enhanced PEC activity. This work suggests that 1D TiO2/0D CdS/2D MoS2 heterojunction prototype is an interesting system where MoS2 NSs can be utilized to improve charge separation in photoanodes. This study would pave the way towards designing new heterojunction functional materials for efficient PEC applications

Erratum to “Substantially enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2 nanorods/CdS nanocrystals heterojunction photoanode decorated with MoS2 nanosheets” [Appl. Catal. B 259 (2019) 118102]

The publisher regrets that the article has been published without proof-reading. Please find the correct version of the graphical abstract, Fig. 7, Table 2 and acknowledgement. The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. [Figure presented] [Figure presented] Fig. 7 Schematic diagram illustrating the charge transport mechanism in TiO2/CdS/MoS2photoanode. Table 2. The PEC performance of different TiO2/chalcogenide based systems in the presence of Na2S and Na2SO3in electrolyte at 0.5 V vs. RHE under one sun illumination. [Table presented] © 2019 Elsevier B.V

A supercapacitor based on longitudinal unzipping of multi-walled carbon nanotubes for high temperature application

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were partially unzipped longitudinally by a chemical method. Unzipped multi-walled carbon nanotubes (UZ-MWCNTs) were characterized by transmission electron microscopic analysis, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic analyses. UZ-MWCNTs were utilized for electrode preparation and the electrodes were used in the fabrication of a supercapacitor. At room temperature, the UZ-MWCNTs based supercapacitor showed a specific capacitance of similar to 41 F g(-1), while pristine MWCNTs based supercapacitor exhibited 22 F g(-1) at the scan rate of 25 mV s(-1). The increase in specific capacitance was attributed to an increase in effective specific surface area of UZ-MWCNTs due to partial unzipping. UZ-MWCNTs based supercapacitor exhibited an increase in specific capacitance with increase in temperature. It showed a specific capacitance of similar to 74 F g(-1) at 100 degrees C at the scan rate of 25 mV s(-1), while the pristine MWCNTs based supercapacitor did not show any appreciable change in specific capacitance as a function of temperature. UZ-MWCNTs exhibited three-fold increase in specific capacitance as compared to pristine MWCNTs at 100 degrees C. Impedance spectroscopic analysis of the supercapacitors revealed that the UZ-MWCNTs based supercapacitor exhibited higher internal resistance and lower leakage resistance than pristine MWCNTs based supercapacitor. Continuous 'charge-discharge' cycling behaviour indicated that the UZ-MWCNTs based supercapacitor exhibited less stability during initial cycles even though it depicted higher specific capacitance as compared to the pristine MWCNTs based supercapacitor