Charakterisierung von benetzbaren Systemen mittels Beschreibung des Kapillarverhaltens unter Rotationsbedingungen

Der Einsatz poröser Materialien wie bspw. für Verpackungen sind sowohl die mechanischen Eigenschaften als auch insbesondere die Interaktion mit Fluiden, besonders Wasser, von größter Bedeutung. Die Optimierung der mechanischen Papiereigenschaften für den vorgesehenen Einsatz erfolgt meist durch eine Vorbehandlung der Fasern vor der Herstellung. So wird z.B. durch die Erhöhung der Fibrillierung des ausgewählten Zellstoffs durch Mahlen die Zugfestigkeit des Papiers deutlich erhöht. Wird das Fasernetzwerk jedoch in einer wässrigen Umgebung eingesetzt, wie z. B. in mikrofluidischen Experimenten, wirkt sich die erhöhte Aufrauhung der Fasern auch erheblich auf das Flüssigkeitsverhalten aus, was sowohl auf die Porenstruktur als auch auf Reibungseffekten zurückgeführt werden kann. Trotz zahlreicher mathematischer Modelle, die in den letzten Jahren entwickelt wurden, ist die Zahl der verschiedenen intrinsischen und extrinsischen Parameter, die die Flüssigkeitsströmung in Papier beeinflussen können, zu groß, um eine angemessene Beschreibung zu liefern. Insbesondere die Reibungskräfte, die als Gegenkraft zur kapillargetriebenen Flüssigkeitsströmung wirken, sind in diesen komplexen Systemen schwer zu quantifizieren. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die Reibungskraft durch die wohldefinierte Zentrifugalkraft als Gegenkraft ersetzt, welches ermöglichte, sowohl den mittleren Porenradius des Fasernetzes als auch einen quantitativen Wert, welcher mit dem Druckabfall korreliert, zu bestimmen. Auf diese Weise können die Einflüsse der Fasermorphologie, wie z.B. die Wahl des Zellstoffs, des Mahlgrads, des Fraktionierungsgrads, sowie die Auswirkungen der Fluidströmung durch verschiedene komprimierte Papiere und die Einflüsse der hydrophilen Kanalbreite bestimmt werden. Neben der Anwendung an verschiedenen Substraten wird ebenso die Konstruktion solche eines Rotationsgerätes beschrieben

Smart Home Monitoring System Using ESP32 Microcontrollers

This chapter deals with the implementation of our own monitoring system with home security. The system is designed using IoT modules and uses ESP32 microcontrollers. The chapter describes the design of the system, its hardware components, software implementation, security solutions, communication, the collecting and monitoring of processed data, as well as the quantification of costs for the production and deployment of this system. The proposed system secures a house by detecting an intruder in the building, triggering an alarm and capturing it all with camera images, and then sending data to the owner’s smart mobile phone. The secondary task of the system is to collect data from sensors for monitoring the temperature of an object and presenting it via a web server

Magneto-structural properties of the layered quasi-2D triangular-lattice antiferromagnets Cs2_2CuCl4−x_{4-x}Brx_x for x{x} = 0,1,2 and 4

We present a study of the magnetic susceptibility $\chi_{mol}$ under variable hydrostatic pressure on single crystals of Cs$_2$CuCl$_{4-x}$Br$_x$. This includes the border compounds \textit{x} = 0 and 4, known as good realizations of the distorted triangular-lattice spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet, as well as the isostructural stoichiometric systems Cs$_2$CuCl$_{3}$Br$_1$ and Cs$_2$CuCl$_{2}$Br$_2$. For the determination of the exchange coupling constants $J$ and $J^{\prime}$, $\chi_{mol}$ data were fitted by a $J-J^{\prime}$ model \cite{Schmidt2015}. Its application, validated for the border compounds, yields a degree of frustration $J^{\prime}$/$J$ = 0.47 for Cs$_2$CuCl$_3$Br$_1$ and $J^{\prime}$/$J$ $\simeq$ 0.63 - 0.78 for Cs$_2$CuCl$_2$Br$_2$, making these systems particular interesting representatives of this family. From the evolution of the magnetic susceptibility under pressure up to about 0.4\,GPa, the maximum pressure applied, two observations were made for all the compounds investigated here. First, we find that the overall energy scale, given by $J_c = (J^2$ + $J^{\prime 2}$)$^{1/2}$, increases under pressure, whereas the ratio $J^{\prime}$/$J$ remains unchanged in this pressure range. These experimental observations are in accordance with the results of DFT calculations performed for these materials. Secondly, for the magnetoelastic coupling constants, extraordinarily small values are obtained. We assign these observations to a structural peculiarity of this class of materials

Health Technology Assessment for Molecular Diagnostics: Practices, Challenges, and Recommendations from the Medical Devices and Diagnostics Special Interest Group

AbstractBackgroundHealth technology assessments (HTAs) are increasingly used to inform coverage, access, and utilization of medical technologies including molecular diagnostics (MDx). Although MDx are used to screen patients and inform disease management and treatment decisions, there is no uniform approach to their evaluation by HTA organizations.ObjectivesThe International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Devices and Diagnostics Special Interest Group reviewed diagnostic-specific HTA programs and identified elements representing common and best practices.MethodsMDx-specific HTA programs in Europe, Australia, and North America were characterized by methodology, evaluation framework, and impact. Published MDx HTAs were reviewed, and five representative case studies of test evaluations were developed: United Kingdom (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's Diagnostics Assessment Programme, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase mutation), United States (Palmetto's Molecular Diagnostic Services Program, OncotypeDx prostate cancer test), Germany (Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare, human papillomavirus testing), Australia (Medical Services Advisory Committee, anaplastic lymphoma kinase testing for non–small cell lung cancer), and Canada (Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Rapid Response: Non-invasive Prenatal Testing).ResultsOverall, the few HTA programs that have MDx-specific methods do not provide clear parameters of acceptability related to clinical and analytic performance, clinical utility, and economic impact. The case studies highlight similarities and differences in evaluation approaches across HTAs in the performance metrics used (analytic and clinical validity, clinical utility), evidence requirements, and how value is measured. Not all HTAs are directly linked to reimbursement outcomes.ConclusionsTo improve MDx HTAs, organizations should provide greater transparency, better communication and collaboration between industry and HTA stakeholders, clearer links between HTA and funding decisions, explicit recognition of and rationale for differential approaches to laboratory-developed versus regulatory-approved test, and clear evidence requirements

Specific Heat Study of 1D and 2D Excitations in the Layered Frustrated Quantum Antiferromagnets Cs2_2CuCl4−x_{4-x}Brx_x

We report an experimental and theoretical study of the low-temperature specific heat $C$ and magnetic susceptibility $\chi$ of the layered anisotropic triangular-lattice spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnets Cs$_2$CuCl$_{4-x}$Br$_x$ with $x$ = 0, 1, 2, and 4. We find that the ratio $J'/J$ of the exchange couplings ranges from 0.32 to $\approx 0.78$, implying a change (crossover or quantum phase transition) in the materials' magnetic properties from one-dimensional (1D) behavior for $J'/J < 0.6$ to two-dimensional (2D) behavior for $J'/J \approx 0.78$ behavior. For $J'/J < 0.6$, realized for $x$ = 0, 1, and 4, we find a magnetic contribution to the low-temperature specific heat, $C_{\rm m} \propto T$, consistent with spinon excitations in 1D spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnets. Remarkably, for $x$ = 2, where $J'/J \approx 0.78$ implies a 2D magnatic character, we also observe $C_{\rm m} \propto T$. This finding, which contrasts the prediction of $C_{\rm m} \propto T^2$ made by standard spin-wave theories, shows that Fermi-like statistics also plays a significant role for the magnetic excitations in frustrated spin-1/2 2D antiferromagnets

Futuristic Sculpture of an Owl

Import 05/08/2014Bakalářská práce se věnuje uměleckému směru futurismu se zaměřením na sochařství a následnému zhotovení odlitku dle inspirace futuristického díla s názvem „SOVA“ od italského umělce Umberta Boccioniho. Práce je rozdělena na část teoretickou a praktickou. Teoretická část je zaměřena na charakteristiku slohu, sochařská díla a na umělecký život Umberta Boccioniho. Praktická část obsahuje popis jednotlivých kroků výroby uměleckého odlitku - od návrhu, zhotovení hliněného modelu a lukoprénové formy pro pryskyřičný model až po konečné odlití a provedení cizelérských prací.The bachelors thesis deals with the artistic direction of Futurism, with a focus on sculpture with subsequent by making of castings according inspiration of futuristic artwork called „OWL“ by Italian artist Umberto Boccioni. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on the characteristics of style, sculptures and artistic life of Umberto Boccioni. The practical part contains a description of each step of production art casting – from design, making a clay model and silicone mold for resinous model to the final casting and finishing works.618 - Katedra metalurgie a slévárenstvívýborn

Construction technology project - Plicek's farmhouse Líbeznice

Obsahem diplomové práce je řešení stavebně technologického projektu historického areálu Plickova Statku v Líbeznicích. Autor se zabývá prostorovou, technologickou i časovou strukturou výstavby objektu. Cílem práce je především navržení časového a technologického postupu stavebních procesů, minimalizování časových prodlev při nasazení ideálního počtu pracovníků. Dále projekt řeší jednotlivé fáze zařízení staveniště. Přidanou hodnotou práce je posudek obnovy materiálu.The content of the diploma thesis is the solution of the construction technology project of the historical area of Plicka‘s farmhouse in Líbeznice. The author deals with the spatial, technological and temporal structure of the construction of the building. The aim of the work is mainly to design the time and technological progress of construction processes, minimizing time delays in the deployment of the ideal number of workers. The project solves the various stages of construction site. The added value of the work is the material recovery report