488 research outputs found

    Strategic planning optimisation of "Napoli Est" water distribution system

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    The District Meter Areas (DMA) design is an innovative methodology of water networks management, based on the pressure patterns control and on the water flows monitoring, in order to reduce water losses and to optimize the water systems management. A District Meter Area is an area supplied from few water inputs, into which discharges can be easily measured to determine leaks. So, the DMA design represents an alternative to the traditional approach based on heavy looped distribution network. In the present paper the DMA design of the “Napoli Est” water distribution system (approximately 65.000Ă·70.000 customers), performed with the support of the Water Agency ARIN S.p.A., is discussed. After analysis of authorized consumption, by means of a monitoring campaign of water flows over the area, the system water balance was performed, showing significant water losses, as a consequence of high pressure patterns. This situation was confirmed by the high number of maintenance operations performed in the area during the year 2005. In order to characterize the piezometric heads on the network, ARIN S.p.A. supplied to the installation of six pressure transducers in the most vulnerable areas. The water level in the supply reservoir was also measured in order to estimate its influence on the network pressure heads. Hydraulic simulations were carried out with the EPANET software version 2.0 applied to a network layout resulted from the system “skeletonization”, achieved by eliminating out of order pipes, integrating pipelines of same diameter and roughness, replacing dead-end branches and small networks supplied by a single junction with an equivalent discharge. After the skeletonizated network was calibrated, several hypothesis of designing and implementing DMA to reduce physical losses were performed, providing adequate operating pressure of the system. Many numerical simulations were performed to guarantee adequate head pressure especially for peak hours demand, break of transmission mains and fire hydrant service. A chlorine residuals analysis was also effected, by simulating the transport and decay of chlorine through the network. District Meter Areas, therefore, were designed, and the corresponding hydraulic and water quality investigations and simulations were carried out. Six District Meter Areas were planned, assembling 14 intercepting valves and 9 pressure reducing valves to prevent the downstream pressure head from exceeding the set value, achieving a remarkable water saving, approximately equal to 34% of the physical losses, corresponding to 16% of system input volume

    Analyse des séries vents-températures de la mer en surface le long des cÎtes sénégalaises

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    Une synthĂšse de l'hydrologie cĂŽtiĂšre de surface au large du SĂ©nĂ©gal a Ă©tĂ© faite Ă  partir des documents disponibles Ă  Dakar. Les donnĂ©es journaliĂšres de tempĂ©rature et de salinitĂ© collectĂ©es par le Centre de Recherches OcĂ©anographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye (CRODT) aux cinq stations cĂŽtiĂšres sĂ©nĂ©galaises, entre 1968 et 1979, ont Ă©tĂ© examinĂ©es, ainsi que les donnĂ©es trihoraires de vent, aimablement fournies par l'Agence pour la SĂ©curitĂ© de la Navigation AĂ©rienne, pour les pĂ©riodes correspondantes. Des autospectres et spectres croisĂ©s des tempĂ©ratures de surface de l'ocĂ©an et des vents de surface dĂ©coupĂ©s par secteur en divers points des cĂŽtes sĂ©nĂ©galaises ont Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©s. Des corrĂ©lations entre vents et tempĂ©ratures sont apparues sur une large gamme de pĂ©riodes (2 Ă  60 jours). L'action du vent sur les tempĂ©ratures de surface semble ĂȘtre rĂ©gie par plusieurs mĂ©canismes distincts, notamment : les variations basse frĂ©quence (infĂ©rieure Ă  1/20 jours) de la position moyenne de la Zone Intertropicale de Convergence, ce phĂ©nomĂšne se manifestant Ă  l'Ă©chelle de l'Atlantique Intertropical, les variations Ă  plus haute frĂ©quence (10 Ă  20 jours) de l'intensitĂ© et de la direction du vent local. La principale difficultĂ© rencontrĂ©e dans l'analyse des donnĂ©es ocĂ©anographiques au SĂ©nĂ©gal est probablement de sĂ©parer ces mĂ©canismes les uns des autres, que ce soit dans le domaine temporel ou dans le domaine frĂ©quentiel. (RĂ©sumĂ© d'auteur

    Place et avenir du téléconseil médical en médecine générale : état des lieux à propos d'un site : ledocteur.fr

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    Introduction : À ce jour, Internet est devenu un mĂ©dia indispensable et omniprĂ©sent. Les patients l'ont bien compris car ils sont nombreux Ă  se rendre sur la toile pour rechercher des informations mĂ©dicales. Le tĂ©lĂ©-conseil mĂ©dical qui met en contact un patient avec un mĂ©decin via un site Web se dĂ©veloppe lui aussi, portĂ© par la rĂ©forme sur la tĂ©lĂ©mĂ©decine. L'objectif de notre Ă©tude Ă©tait d'analyser les motivations des e-patients Ă  consulter un site de tĂ©lĂ©-conseil mĂ©dical et d'Ă©tudier le profil des e-mĂ©decins Ă  travers l'Ă©tude d'un site : ledocteur.fr. MĂ©thodes : Deux questionnaires ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©laborĂ©s. Un premier a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ© Ă  tous les patients inscrits sur le site ledocteur.fr, nous permettant d'analyser leurs caractĂ©ristiques socio-professionnelles, les motifs de recours au tĂ©lĂ©-conseil ainsi que l'avis des internautes sur le site. Un deuxiĂšme a Ă©tĂ© adressĂ© aux mĂ©decins intervenant sur le site, pour connaĂźtre leur parcours professionnel ainsi que leurs motivations pour cette nouvelle pratique. Enfin, les questions posĂ©es sur le site ont Ă©tĂ© catĂ©gorisĂ©es et analysĂ©es. RĂ©sultats : 309 patients ont rĂ©pondu au questionnaire : 239 femmes et 70 hommes. Il apparaĂźt que la premiĂšre motivation Ă  l'utilisation du site de tĂ©lĂ©-conseil mĂ©dical Ă©tait d'obtenir un complĂ©ment d'information aprĂšs une consultation mĂ©dicale. Le fait de vouloir Ă©viter une consultation n'arrivait qu'en deuxiĂšme position. Du cĂŽtĂ© des mĂ©decins, les deux principales motivations Ă©taient de diversifier leur activitĂ© en cabinet et de participer Ă  la modernisation du mĂ©decin gĂ©nĂ©raliste. Les questions posĂ©es par les e-patients, du fait de l'anonymat d'internet, sont principalement des questions de psychiatrie, de sexologie et de gynĂ©cologie. Discussion : Le tĂ©lĂ©-conseil mĂ©dical est une pratique qui prend de l'ampleur. D'aprĂšs nos rĂ©sultats et les donnĂ©es de la littĂ©rature, celui-ci se positionne en complĂ©ment plutĂŽt qu'en substitution d'une consultation classique auprĂšs du mĂ©decin traitant. Les mĂ©decins interrogĂ©s plĂ©biscitent cet engouement pour la pratique de la mĂ©decine sur Internet et voient dans cette nouvelle pratique un moyen de moderniser l'image du mĂ©decin gĂ©nĂ©raliste

    Fausta Cialente tra letteratura e giornalismo: un’attenzione costante al mondo femminile

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    Fausta Cialente tra letteratura e giornalismo: un’attenzione costante al mondo femminil

    Chapter In Dialogue with Neera

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    This essay examines the evolution of my twenty-year interest in the work of Italian nineteenth-century woman writer Neera (pseudonym for Anna Radius Zuccari), an interest that has culminated with the recent publication Nineteenth-Century Italian Women Writers and the Woman Question: The Case of Neera (2021). My attention to this writer has shifted from an initial exploration of the various characteristics of her production to what I now view as the principal lens for interpreting Neera’s role and work: positioning her inside a matrilineal family tree within the Italian literary landscape, one that recognizes the importance of her legacy as literary mother to the numerous Italian women writers that followed. My essay considers Neera’s significance today from this perspective while also reflecting upon evolving critical trends within Italianistica

    Effects of different simplified milk recording methods on genetic evaluation with test-day animal model

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    The aims of the present study were to compare estimated breeding values (EBV) for milk yield using different testing schemes with a test-day animal model and to evaluate the effect of different testing schemes on the ranking of top sheep. Alternative recording schemes that use less information than that currently obtained with a monthly test-day schedule were employed to estimate breeding values. A random regression animal mixed model that used a spline function of days in milk was fitted. EBVs obtained with alternative recording schemes showed different degrees of Spearman correlation with EBVs obtained using the monthly recording scheme. These correlations ranged from 0.77 to 0.92. A reduction in accuracy and intensity of selection could be anticipated if these alternative schemes are used; more research in this area is needed to reduce the costs of test-day recording
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