Antiferromagnetic resonance in ferroborate NdFe3_3(BO3_3)$_4

The AFMR spectra of the NdFe$_3$(BO$_3$)$_4$ crystal are measured in a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. It is found that by the type of magnetic anisotropy the compound is an "easy-plane" antiferromagnet with a weak anisotropy in the basal plane. The effective magnetic parameters are determined: anisotropy fields $H_{a1}$=1.14 kOe and $H_{a2}$=60 kOe and magnetic excitation gaps $\Delta\nu_1$=101.9 GHz and $\Delta \nu_2$=23.8 GHz. It is shown that commensurate-incommensurate phase transition causes a shift in resonance field and a considerable change in absorption line width. At temperatures below 4.2 K nonlinear regimes of AFMR excitation at low microwave power levels are observed

Вивчення функціонально-технологічних показників м’ясомістких хлібів з м’ясом качки мускусної та білого товстолобика

The raw material base for the creation of combined products can be products of plant and animal origin, grown in certain regions of Ukraine. The use of regional raw materials is the latest European trend, due to the adaptability of the population to the edible products grown on the territory of their habitat. These products include various types of waterfowl and pond fish. The article is devoted to the justification of the expediency of combining meat of white carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) with Muscovy duck meat (Cairina moschata), grown in farms of the Sumy region. The recipes of meat-containing minced meat systems for the production of meat-containing loaves with the replacement of the main raw material with Muscovy duck meat and white carp meat have been developed. It is determined that when combining meat duck of musk and meat of white carp in the composition of meat-containing loaf, it is possible to produce high-quality products with high nutritional value. It is confirmed the possibility of combining regional sources of aquaculture, meat of waterfowl with traditional types of meat and vegetable raw materials for increasing the nutritional value of meat-containing loaves. A complex of researches of nutritional value and functional and technological indices of perfume systems and finished products was carried out. It was shown that protein content in the developed samples of meat-containing loaves increased by 7.34–8.26%, fat content in developed samples of meat-containing loaves decreased for 20.90-27.70%. Experimental samples contained carbohydrates, mainly lactose, in the amount of 5.14% due to the use of dry demineralized whey. Also, in experimental samples, the content of food fibers was 2.07% due to the use of flour and fiber from the soluble fiber plant XB Fiber (Germany). The energy value of the prototype samples decreased by 8.81–14.34% less compared to the analogue formulation. It was established that the moisture-binding ability of developed samples of minced meat and loaves is higher at 9.94–12.4% than the base formula. It was found that optimized minced meat with high rates of wet-binding index had a wet holding capacity of 26.45–64.83% higher compared to the base model. The stability of the minced meat emulsion using hydrobionic raw material and poultry meat was in the range of 55.14–66.5%, which is on average 20.6% higher than the base formulation. Inclusion in the formulation of raw hydrobionts contributed to increase the emulsifying capacity of minced meat by 10.5–13.95%. The conducted researches show that the developed recipes of meat and fish loaves can be recommended for production by enterprises of meat industry. The direction of further research is the study of the biological value of developed meat and fish loaves and definition of economic efficiency from their introduction into production.Стаття присвячена обґрунтуванню доцільності комбінування м’яса товстолобика білого (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) із м’ясом качки мускусної (Cairina moschata), вирощених в господарствах Сумської області. Розроблені рецептури м’ясомістких фаршевих систем для виготовлення м’ясомістких хлібів. Проведений комплекс досліджень харчової цінності та функціонально-технологічних показників фаршевих систем та готової продукції.  Показано, що вміст білка в розроблених зразках м’ясомісткого хліба збільшився на 7,34–8,26%, а вміст жиру в розроблених зразках м’ясомісткого хліба зменшився на 20,90–27,70%. Енергетична цінність дослідних зразків зменшилась на 8,81–14,34% порівняно з рецептурою-аналогом. Встановлено, що вологозв’язуюча здатність розроблених зразків фаршу м’ясомістких хлібів вище на 9,94–12,4% порівняно з базовою рецептурою. Встановлено, що оптимізовані фарші із високими показниками ВЗЗа і ВЗЗм мали ВУЗ на 26,45–64,83% вище порівняно з базовим зразком. Стійкість емульсії фаршу з використанням гідробіонтної сировини та м’яса водоплавної птиці перебуває в межах 55,14–66,5%, що в середньому на 20,6% вище порівняно з базовою рецептурою. Включення до рецептури сировини гідробіонтів сприяло підвищенню емульгуючої здатності фаршу на 10,5–13,95%. Проведені дослідження показують, що розроблені рецептури м'ясо-рибних хлібів можуть бути рекомендовані до виробництва підприємствами м’ясної промисловості

Status of the Lake Baikal Experiment

We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and report on neutrino events recorded with the detector stages NT-36 and NT-96.Comment: 5 pages, 4 PostScript figures, uses here.sty and mine.sty, submitted to the Proc. of 5th Int. Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (LNGS INFN, Assergi, September 7-11, 1997

Registration of atmospheric neutrinos with the Baikal neutrino telescope

We present first neutrino induced events observed with a deep underwater neutrino telescope. Data from 70 days effective life time of the BAIKAL prototype telescope NT-96 have been analyzed with two different methods. With the standard track reconstruction method, 9 clear upward muon candidates have been identified, in good agreement with 8.7 events expected from Monte Carlo calculations for atmospheric neutrinos. The second analysis is tailored to muons coming from close to the opposite zenith. It yields 4 events, compared to 3.5 from Monte Carlo expectations. From this we derive a 90 % upper flux limit of 1.1 * 10^-13 cm^-2 sec^-1 for muons in excess of those expected from atmospheric neutrinos with zenith angle > 150 degrees and energy > 10GeV.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figure

The Lake Baikal neutrino experiment

We rewiew the present status of the Baikal Neutrino Project and present the results of a search for high energy neutrinos with the detector intermediate stage NT-96.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of Sixth International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP99), September 6-10, 1999, Pais, Franc

The Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Experiment: Results, Status, Future

We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and present results obtained with the various stages of the stepwise increasing detector: NT-36 (1993-95), NT-72 (1995-96) and NT-96 (1996-97). Results cover atmospheric muons, first clear neutrino events, search for neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the center of the Earth, search for magnetic monopoles, and -- far from astroparticle physics -- limnology.Comment: Talk given at the Int. School on Nuclear Physics, Erice, Sept.199

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Background: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods: We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2015. This study included 388 risk-outcome pairs that met World Cancer Research Fund-defined criteria for convincing or probable evidence. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. We developed a metric that allows comparisons of exposure across risk factors—the summary exposure value. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk level, we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We decomposed trends in attributable burden into contributions from population growth, population age structure, risk exposure, and risk-deleted cause-specific DALY rates. We characterised risk exposure in relation to a Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Findings: Between 1990 and 2015, global exposure to unsafe sanitation, household air pollution, childhood underweight, childhood stunting, and smoking each decreased by more than 25%. Global exposure for several occupational risks, high body-mass index (BMI), and drug use increased by more than 25% over the same period. All risks jointly evaluated in 2015 accounted for 57·8% (95% CI 56·6–58·8) of global deaths and 41·2% (39·8–42·8) of DALYs. In 2015, the ten largest contributors to global DALYs among Level 3 risks were high systolic blood pressure (211·8 million [192·7 million to 231·1 million] global DALYs), smoking (148·6 million [134·2 million to 163·1 million]), high fasting plasma glucose (143·1 million [125·1 million to 163·5 million]), high BMI (120·1 million [83·8 million to 158·4 million]), childhood undernutrition (113·3 million [103·9 million to 123·4 million]), ambient particulate matter (103·1 million [90·8 million to 115·1 million]), high total cholesterol (88·7 million [74·6 million to 105·7 million]), household air pollution (85·6 million [66·7 million to 106·1 million]), alcohol use (85·0 million [77·2 million to 93·0 million]), and diets high in sodium (83·0 million [49·3 million to 127·5 million]). From 1990 to 2015, attributable DALYs declined for micronutrient deficiencies, childhood undernutrition, unsafe sanitation and water, and household air pollution; reductions in risk-deleted DALY rates rather than reductions in exposure drove these declines. Rising exposure contributed to notable increases in attributable DALYs from high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, occupational carcinogens, and drug use. Environmental risks and childhood undernutrition declined steadily with SDI; low physical activity, high BMI, and high fasting plasma glucose increased with SDI. In 119 countries, metabolic risks, such as high BMI and fasting plasma glucose, contributed the most attributable DALYs in 2015. Regionally, smoking still ranked among the leading five risk factors for attributable DALYs in 109 countries; childhood underweight and unsafe sex remained primary drivers of early death and disability in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Interpretation: Declines in some key environmental risks have contributed to declines in critical infectious diseases. Some risks appear to be invariant to SDI. Increasing risks, including high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, drug use, and some occupational exposures, contribute to rising burden from some conditions, but also provide opportunities for intervention. Some highly preventable risks, such as smoking, remain major causes of attributable DALYs, even as exposure is declining. Public policy makers need to pay attention to the risks that are increasingly major contributors to global burden. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Measurements of differential production cross sections for a Z boson in association with jets in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Performance of reconstruction and identification of τ leptons decaying to hadrons and vτ in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV

The algorithm developed by the CMS Collaboration to reconstruct and identify τ leptons produced in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 and 8 TeV, via their decays to hadrons and a neutrino, has been significantly improved. The changes include a revised reconstruction of π⁰ candidates, and improvements in multivariate discriminants to separate τ leptons from jets and electrons. The algorithm is extended to reconstruct τ leptons in highly Lorentz-boosted pair production, and in the high-level trigger. The performance of the algorithm is studied using proton-proton collisions recorded during 2016 at √s=13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb¯¹. The performance is evaluated in terms of the efficiency for a genuine τ lepton to pass the identification criteria and of the probabilities for jets, electrons, and muons to be misidentified as τ leptons. The results are found to be very close to those expected from Monte Carlo simulation