Money as a Global Public Good

The main objective of this paper is to discuss a complex and yet not taken in consideration global public good: money. Money is a social convention created and accepted by people in order to facilitate economic transactions, being a symbol, without an intrinsic value (fiduciary money). It is universally used and it has value only in connection with the products and services that can be acquired, based on people’s consent and their psychological acceptance. In other words, its value lies in the purchasing power given by the quantity of commodities and services that can be bought with money. During history, as people began to become fully aware of the importance of money for their own survival, economic growth and development, institutions were created to manage and pass the necessary rules and regulations to grant stability to the financial intermediation process. The entire process was possible because money were always perceived as a particular “asset”: to society as a whole and to each individual as well. The strength of each currency reflects the strength of the public authorities that contribute to its creation (central banks, government, and society) as well as the strength of the economy it reflects. Besides its social value, money bear psychological value for each individual, as they serve in facilitating the fulfilment of necessities, dreams, of all people could ever want or need in their lives. Moreover, money can be regarded as a constant throughout history: changeable over time and yet the same, of vital importance in people’s lives.money, global public good, social and psychological value

KINEMATICS OF MATERIAL POINT ON THE COCHLEOID

They are shown the geometrical considerations and the properties of cochleoid, a flat curve in thespiral’s family. Determine the positions, velocities and accelerations of material point in motion on thecochleoid. They are obtained diagrams, which are interpreted

Research Regarding the Wear Level for a New Constructive Solution of a Cutting Tool

The paper presents a study of wear made to implement a constructive solution for a new cutting tool. The design of the cutting tool can be checked from a functional perspective, as well as reliability during the cutting process (process simulation). The purpose of the cutting process simulation is to check the new solution using the finite element analysis method. The criterion to assess the effectiveness of the constructive solution is the study of the tool wear level depending on cutting regime parameters. The implementation of the wear model in the DEFORM software was used to establish the wear level

R-R-RTR MECHANISM PATHS

Let’s consider a mechanism with two conducting elements and a RTR dyad and the paths of a point onthe connecting rod with variable length are determined. Let’s consider the movements of the conductingelements correlated through linear relations. There are cases analysed when movement is intermittent or when aconducting element performs more rotations than the othe

Mapping soil erosion susceptibility using GIS techniques within the Danube floodplain, the Calafat - Turnu Măgurele sector (Romania)

The Danube floodplain, the Calafat - Turnu Măgurele sector, through its main features (topographic and climatic characteristics, land use and soil type) and human activities, constitutes an area exposed to soil erosion. The main objective of the present research is to map soil erosion susceptibility using the GIS techniques for the computation and representation of areas, which are exposed to soil erosion correlated with the field data for the validation. Analyzing the entire model, the relatively simple methodology, the database consistence, the comparability of the results with the existent soil erosion values at national and local scale, we can say that the model was applied with success in the studied area (areas and classes of water erosion susceptibility: very low, low, moderate, high - Ciupercenii Noi, Desa, Măceşu de Jos, Grojdibodu, Orlea, very high - Rast, Negoi, Catane, Bistreţ, Goicea; areas and classes of wind erosion susceptibility: very low, low, moderate - Ciupercenii Noi, Dăbuleni, Ianca, high - Calafat, Poiana Mare, Desa, Goicea, Piscu Vechi, very high - Poiana Mare, Rast, Negoi, Bistreţ, Gighera, Orlea. The soil erosion susceptibility map can be useful for planning erosion control measures and for selecting suitable sites for runoff plot experiments

Mathematical Modeling of the Relation between Electrospun Nanofibers Characteristics and the Process Parameters

Electrospinning, the most favorable process of obtaining nanofibers, is capable of processing solution or melt polymers, ceramic materials or metals in many morphological variants, thus providing diverse functionalities. The chapter reviews the main ways in which nanofibers’ characteristics can be influenced by solution parameters, process parameters and ambient conditions, afterwards focusing on the role of some of the most significant electrospinning parameters (applied voltage, flow rate, nozzle to collector distance) on the diameter of the nanofibers. Experimental studies to model the influence of process parameters in the case of electrospinning polyetherimide solutions are presented. Response surface methodology and MATLAB simulation software have been used to obtain the mathematical models that indicate the most favorable parameters

Researches on the impact of the 2011 normative acts on authorising agrotourist guesthouses in Romania

In this paper, we aimed at analysing the impact of the normative acts elaborated by the Ministry of Regional Development and Tourism in 2011 on authorising agrotourist guesthouses in Romania. The survey targeted the comparative analysis of the minister’s orders in 2008-2010 and of the Minister’s Order No. 1051/2011 regarding the agrotourist guesthouses classification criteria and classification procedure. In the second part of the survey, we performed a comparative analysis of the number of agrotourist guesthouses classified by the ministry in the interval January-June 2010 as compared to 2011. A first conclusion of this survey is represented by the fact that the Minister’s Order issued in 2011 simplified the bureaucracy of authorising agrotourist guesthouses and the other accommodation and public catering units. Practically, according to the new regulations, the authorisation file contains an application and three more documents, as compared to the old requirements, according to which the file was quite sizeable. Through the adopted measures, the interval between the date the standardised statement accompanied by the full classification documentation is submitted and the date the classification certificate is issued is decreased to 30 days. The fulfilment of the classification criteria is verified after the authorisation within the control activities performed by the representatives with specific responsibilities within the central public administration authority responsible in the field of tourism. A second conclusion is that there is an increase in the number of classified agrotourist guesthouses and that they progress from the black tourism market area to that of the authorised, legal tourism

Researches into the spanish tourist policy aimed at developing agrotourism

In this paper, we aimed at analysing and providing a model for the development of agrotourism in our country. We considered that agrotourism in Spain may represent a model for the sustainable development of agrotourism in Romania, due to the geographic, political and economic context in the two countries. In order to achieve a more profound analysis, we selected three representative autonomous communities, namely Castilla and Leon, Castilla - La Mancha, Cataluña. As a result, we noticed that in Spain the concept of agrotourism was introduced based on the diversified tourist development in a small area, called „rural tourist nucleus”. Also, in other areas, the development of rural tourism was initiated, starting from the agrotourism stage. We identified other situations as well in which global rural development strategies were implemented in order to guide the local, regional and national agents through a diversity of supplementary measures. An essential aspect of the Spanish context which our research focused on is that the legislation related to tourism in Spain is normative and it has a sectoral character, namely it regulates various types of accommodation in the rural environment. The autonomous legislation has a general character, at territorial level, so that 15 Autonomous Communities, except for Madrid and Canary Islands have specific rural tourism regulations. In conclusion, agrotourism in Spain provides a complex model for the development of agrotourism at European Union level. The tourist policies of the Spanish Government and of the autonomous communities, may all be absorbed by the Romanian Government and the local public authorities for the sustainable development of agrotourism in our country

Acute chylous peritonitis due to idiopathic pancreatitis mimicking acute appendicitis

The acute development and the accumulation of chyle into the peritoneal space is a rare condition and one needs to be able to distinguish it from chylous ascites, which is most commonly chronic and associated with related diseases. It is frequently idiopathic and additionally, clinical and imaging findings are nonspecific. In almost all cases, the diagnosis is made intraoperatively during laparoscopy or laparotomy, most diagnostic procedures being indicated by acute complaints pertaining to the abdomen. A 23-year-old man was admitted to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain, with right iliac fossa tenderness and peritonism. Laparoscopy was performed due to acute abdomen findings. Further exploration revealed chylous effusion with milky-like fluid. The peritoneal lavage and the insertion of drains were subsequent to the careful inspection of the cavity. The biochemical analysis of the peritoneal fluid was an important aid which provided the diagnosis of chylous peritonitis due to acute pancreatitis