Biomaterials. The Behavior of Stainless Steel as a Biomaterial

The biomaterials belong to the broad range of biocompatible chemical substances (sometimes even an element), which can be used for a period of time to treat or replace a tissue, organ or function of the human body. These materials bring many advantages in the diagnosis, prevention and medical therapy, reducing downtime for patients, restoring their biological functions, improving hospital management. The market in Romania sells a wide range of biomaterials for dental, cardiovascular medicine, renal, etc. Scientific research contributes to the discovery of new biomaterials or testing known biomaterials, for finding new applications. The paper exemplifies this contribution by presenting the testing of passive stainless steel behaviour in albumin solution using technique of cyclic voltammetry. It was shown that passivation contribute to increased stability of stainless steel implants to corrosive body fluids.biological environment, biomaterials, corrosion, cyclic voltammetry, stainless steel.

Demand for Vacations /Travel in Protected Areas – Dimension of Tourists’ Ecological Behavior

Tourism, in itself, is one of the main users of the environment and, implicitly, an important contributor to its deterioration. Intensification of tourist travel will naturally generate an increase of the negative environmental impacts and, in the long term, a decline in tourism development opportunities. In this context, more and more emphasis is placed on finding and promoting low environmental impact forms of travel, including eco-tourism, rural tourism, tourism in protected areas, cultural tourism, adventure tourism, etc., at the same time on encouraging, inciting potential tourists to consume these categories of products (holidays). Globally conducted studies have revealed a good understanding of and an increasing receptivity to sustainable forms of travel among tourists. Nevertheless, the place they hold in the structure of tourist circulation is still modest, mainly due to the insufficient supply, in its turn determined by ignorance of the demand and by the additional requirements the consumer of such holidays has to meet, especially in regard to behavior. In line with these developments and trends, this study aimed to identify the behavior of tourists in protected areas and its determinants, to encourage a responsible attitude towards the environment and its quality. For this purpose, desk and field researches were made to allow the characterization of holiday request in protected areas and to formulate proposals regarding tourists’ education.tourist demand, protected areas, ecological behavior, ecotourism, sustainable tourism development, eco(logical) tourism products

Romanian SMEs Financing Options:

One of the most pressing problems faced by micro, small and medium sized enterprises (henceforth SMEs) in Europe is the access to sufficient funds to sustain their long term growth. Romanian SMEs make no exception. In this context the present paper focuses on analyzing the extent to which external funding sources have contributed to the value added created by the Romanian SMEs between 2007 and 2011.The investigation’s results indicate the existence of a causal link between some forms of external financing (namely bank loans, leasing, factoring, guarantee products and European funds) and the value added created by the Romanian micro, small and medium sized enterprises in the aforementioned period

Commercialization of Holidays in the Protected Natural Areas - Form of the Sustainable Development in Tourism

Sustainable development of tourism in the protected areas should be regarded as a continuous improvement process in the management quality of the protected natural areas that are included in the tourist circuit as well as of the ecological tourism products, merchandised by the travel agencies. In Romania, the best-represented types of protected natural areas are the biosphere reservations, our country having three of these areas, followed by 13 national parks and 14 natural parks. The total surface of the protected areas in Romania is of approximately 1.9 million hectares, which represents almost 8% from the total surface of the country. Regarding the structure, we notice the typological diversity and the alignment to the international standards and IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) category system. The fieldwork done at the 2009 (March 19th – 22nd) Romanian Tourism Fair has shown the fact that, even if they recognize the benefits of the vacations in protected areas, the travel agencies’ preoccupations of creating specialized packages have been reduced, displaying a poor offer, or a special offer created at the tourists’ request. The research was realized within the project called “Dynamics of the implementation of community policies in the valuing of the Romanian protected areas through tourism and designing architecture of integrated management for them”. Consequently, considering, on the one hand, the advantages of the vacations in protected areas and, on the other hand, the tourists’ increasing interest towards this type of vacation is necessary in the future, a more intense involvement of the travel agencies, but also of the protected natural areas administrations in their promotion, fructification and sustainable development.natural protected areas, management, sustainable development, commercialization of tourist products, tourism agencies

Exigencies regarding the quality and the innocuity of the nutrient supplements for the sportsmen.

The article presents the results of the researches related to the way of obtaining the nutrient supplements for the sportsmen, as an effort-supportive formula, based on natural ingredients, non-contaminated with substances that could harm the health and the elaboration of the methodologies for discovering and quantifying the forbidden substances in order to test these supplements through specific techniques. Therefore we present, first of all, some of the most important economic and social benefits got after making many researches that could improve the sportsmen’s nourishment, when they are making the maximum effort during both their training and the specific sports competitions but also during the recovering periods. Thus, we have made a documentary presentation for defining the conceptual and operating frame-work relating to the nutrient supplements, their influence and importance in the sportsmen’s nourishment, the general and special classification of the nutrient supplements as well as some possibilities to influence the nutritive value of this kind of food. Last but not least, we are taking into consideration those characteristics that define the innocuity of the nutrient supplements and make them safe for being consumed.Consumer; quality; innocuity; alimentary supplement; nutrient supplement; nutrition; nutrient projection; pureness; safety; security; protection

Supply and Demand in Tourism Destinations in Romania. Pre and Post Pandemic Comparative Analysis

Tourism is considered one of the most dynamic sectors of the economy and is an essential element for countries that have significant tourism resources that can be exploited. The rational use of tourism resources is closely related to the increase in tourist flows and the number of accommodation establishments, i.e. tourism demand and tourism supply. The article deals with the relationship between tourist demand and tourist supply, using the example of destinations in Romania, and aims to identify destinations where there is a balance between accommodation units and overnight stays, and how to intervene to reduce the gaps between them. In this sense, quantitative methods such as Spearman and Kendall indicators were used to rank these destinations based on the statistical data provided by Tempo online during the period 2000-2021 for two periods 2000-2019 and 2019-2021. The research results show that highly specialized destinations are the most affected by seasonality. A solution to remedy this situation could come from Destination Management Organizations (DMOs). The study addresses the issue in a crucial period for tourism worldwide, not only in Romania, namely the period characterized by the pandemic COVID -19. Thus, both the period before the pandemic, when tourism reached its highest level, and the period after the pandemic, when a return to a normal situation, but marked by profound changes, is observed, are evaluated. The novelty of the article consists in the creation of a consolidated relationship between the destinations in Romania and the eight DMOs recently established in Romania, in order to allow a better management of the tourist activities