STUDIES ON THE LARVICIDAL EFFICACY OF LEAF EXTRACT OF VITEX NEGUNDO AGAINST CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS

Objective: Mosquitoes are one of the most significant vectors among arthropods. Infection due to mosquito plays a major health problem in developing countries. Repeated use of synthetic insecticides for mosquito control has disrupted natural biological control systems and led to resurgences in mosquito populations. Plants may be an alternative source of mosquito control, potential as insecticide. Controlling of mosquitoes at the larval stage is easy, as target specificity of the larvicide used can be ensured. Methods: The present study has assessed the role of larvicidal activity of aqueous, chloroform, and methanol leaf extracts of Vitex negundo plant against first, second, third, and fourth instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Mortality rates were recorded after 24 h and 48 h to evaluate the larvicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus. Results: Among the three extracts, the methanol extract was found to be the most effective providing 86.67% mortality at 200 ppm concentration against the larvae of C. quinquefasciatus, when compared with aqueous and chloroform extracts, where the mortality rate is 83.33% and 70.00%, respectively. Conclusions: The results therefore clearly indicate that V. negundo leaf extracts possess larvicidal activity against the larvae and could be a possible source of mosquito larvicides

Common best proximity point theorem for multivalued mappings in partially ordered metric spaces

Abstract In this paper, we prove the existence of a common best proximity point for a pair of multivalued non-self mappings in partially ordered metric spaces. Also, we provide some interesting examples to illustrate our main results

Existence of continuous selection for some special kind of multivalued mappings

This paper deals with the existence of continuous selection of a multivalued mapping in product space. Many authors provided existence of continuous map for lower semicontinuous. We provide continuous selection for weakly lower semicontinuous. Rhybinski [9] proved the existence for contraction type mapping. We prove the existence for some general type of mapping different from contraction mapping

Existence of Best Proximity Point in <i>O</i>-CompleteMetric Spaces

In this work, we prove the existence of the best proximity point results for ⊥-contraction (orthogonal-contraction) mappings on an O-complete metric space (orthogonal-complete metric space). Subsequently, these existence results are employed to establish the common best proximity point result. Finally, we provide suitable examples to demonstrate the validity of our results